page_title: History of Bucharest
section_title: Early development
hierarchical_section_title: History of Bucharest / Foundation / Early development
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Urkunde von Fürst Radu vom 14. Oktober 1465 (Faksimile). English: Writ of the Wallachian voivode Radu cel Frumos dated 14 October 1465, parchment facsimile. It is the oldest known document that mentions Bucharest by name. Română: Hrisovul voievodului Radu cel Frumos dat in Cetatea de Scaun a Bucureștilor, 14 octombrie 1465, pergament (facsimil). Documentul este prima atestare a Bucureștiului.
context_page_description: The history of Bucharest covers the time from the early settlements on the locality's territory until its modern existence as a city, capital of Wallachia, and present-day capital of Romania.
context_section_description: Bucharest was first mentioned on September 20, 1459, as one of the residences of Prince Vlad III Dracula. It soon became the preferred summer residence of the princely court – together with Târgovişte, one of the two capitals of Wallachia – and was viewed by contemporaries as the strongest citadel in its country. In 1476, it was sacked by the Moldavian Prince Stephen the Great, but was nonetheless favoured as a residence by most rulers in the immediately following period and was subject to important changes in landscape under Mircea Ciobanul, who built the palace and church in Curtea Veche (the court's area), equipped the town with a stockade, and took measures to provide Bucharest with fresh water and produce (early 1550s).
  When Mircea Ciobanul was deposed by the Ottoman Empire (Wallachia's overlord) in the spring of 1554, Bucharest was ravaged by Janissary troops; violence again occurred after Mircea returned to the throne and attacked those who had been loyal to Pătraşcu cel Bun (February 1558), during the 1574 conflict between Vintilă and Alexandru II Mircea, and under the rule of Alexandru cel Rău (early 1590s).
caption: Writ issued by the Wallachian Prince Radu cel Frumos from his residence in Bucharest
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