page_title: T-90
section_title: Variants
hierarchical_section_title: T-90 / Variants
caption_attribution_description: Русский: Танк Т-90А на танковом биатлоне в Алабино в 2013 году.English: T-90A
context_page_description: The T-90 is a third-generation Russian battle tank that entered service in 1993. The tank is a modern variation of the T-72B and incorporates many features found on the T-80U. Originally called the T-72BU, but later renamed to T-90, it is an advanced tank in service with Russian Ground Forces and the Naval Infantry. The T-90 uses a 125 mm 2A46 smoothbore main gun, the 1A45T fire-control system, an upgraded engine, and gunner's thermal sight. Standard protective measures include a blend of steel and composite armour, smoke grenade dischargers, Kontakt-5 explosive-reactive armour and the Shtora infrared ATGM jamming system. It was designed and built by Uralvagonzavod, in Nizhny Tagil, Russia.
context_section_description: T-90 – The first production version. Object 188 1989, production 1992.
  T-90K – Commander's version of the T-90, with additional communication (station R-163-50K) and navigation equipment (TNA-4-3).
  T-90A – Russian army version with welded turret, V-92S2 engine and ESSA thermal viewer. Sometimes called T-90 Vladimir, in honor of its chief designer Vladimir Potkin.
  T-90AK – Command version of T-90A.
  T-90AM – Latest version of the T-90A. The main features include the modernisation of the old turret design, which is equipped with the new advanced fire control system "Kalina" (with integrated combat information and control systems), a new automatic loader and a new upgraded gun 2A46M-5, as well as a remote-controlled anti-aircraft gun "UDP T05BV-1". The new version also includes the Relikt ERA bricks instead of the Kontakt-5 ERA bricks. Other improvements include a new 1130 hp engine, an enhanced environmental control system, and satellite navigation systems.
   Т-90M — New modernized version of Т-90А. It's a program of modernization of Vladimir tanks and will include 400 tanks currently in service. Tanks will receive 2А82-1М gun (same as in T-14) and fire control system Kalina. They will be upgraded with Afghanit APS and Relikt ERA. The upgrades are also aimed at improving network-centric warfare capabilities and coordination with Armata project vehicles. Three contracts were signed in 2017-2019 for 160 tanks and serial production started in 2018. State tests were completed as of early 2020.
  T-90S – Export version of the T-90, later adopted by the Russian Armed Forces as the T-90A. These tanks were made by Uralvagonzavod and were updated with 1,000 hp (750 kW) engines made by Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant. These tanks carry a leaner version of the Shtora-1 passive/active protection system which lacks the infra-red dazzlers carried on the turret. Sometimes called T-90C (Cyrillic letter es looks like a Latin c). These were initially supplied with cast turrets of the early T-90, and when stocks were depleted, new, welded turrets were fabricated.
  T-90SK – Commander's version of the T-90S, with additional communication and navigation equipment. It differs in radio and navigation equipment and Ainet remote-detonation system for HEF rounds.
  T-90S "Bhishma" – modified T-90S in Indian service. India announced that they'll be made in India until 2028.
  T-90MS – Also known as T-90SM, it is an updated version of the T-90S. It is equipped with a 1,130 hp engine, a PNM Sosna-U gunner view, a UDP T05BV-1 RWS with a 7.62 mm machine gun, GLONASS, inertial navigation systems, new Relikt explosive reactive armour (ERA) that covers more of the tank, and a steering wheel. A new removable turret bustle is included, which provides storage for eight additional rounds. The T-90MS is ready for serial production. 4 video cameras provide a 360° view of the environment, while the tank is more connected to command. The T-90MS has an upgraded thermal imager that can detect tanks over 3300 meters away.
  Variants
  BREM-1M: Armoured recovery vehicle.
  IMR-3M: Combat engineer vehicle.
  MTU-90: Bridge layer tank with MLC50 bridge.
  BMR-3M: Mine clearing vehicle.
  MTU-2020: Bridge layer tank based on the T-90A whose chassis has been extended, along with the addition of a road wheel.
  UBIM (Universal Armored Engineering Vehicle): It was unveiled at the Army-2018 international arms show.
caption: T-90A Main Battle Tank competing in the 2013 Tank Biathlon.
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