page_title: Unsuccessful nominations to the Cabinet of the United States
section_title: Thomas Ewing
hierarchical_section_title: Unsuccessful nominations to the Cabinet of the United States / Withdrawn nominations or near nominations / Andrew Johnson / Thomas Ewing
context_page_description: Members of the Cabinet of the United States are nominated by the president and are then confirmed or rejected by the Senate. Listed below are unsuccessful cabinet nominees—that is, individuals who were nominated and who either declined their own nomination, failed the confirmation vote in the Senate, or whose nomination was withdrawn by the president. The latter category includes near nominations, meaning presumptive choices made by a president or president-elect that never progressed to formal nomination stage.
  To date, nine nominations to the cabinet have been rejected by the Senate. In addition, 15 nominations or near nominations have been withdrawn, either by the president or by the person chosen. President John Tyler holds the record for most cabinet nominees rejected by the Senate; four of his nominees failed to win confirmation.
context_section_description: In 1868, President Andrew Johnson forced Edwin Stanton, a Radical Republican who had served as Secretary of War since 1862, to resign from his cabinet, in violation of the 1867 Tenure of Office Act. Johnson then nominated Thomas Ewing. The Senate refused to consider Ewing's nomination, while they moved to impeach Johnson.
caption: Thomas Ewing
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