page_title: Gábor Kornél Tolnai
section_title: Central Instrument
hierarchical_section_title: Gábor Kornél Tolnai / Central Instrument
caption_attribution_description: English: Picture of a simple electromechanical relay relay with the main parts named. Note the top line pointing at the contacts is drawn to high.
context_page_description: Gábor Kornél Tolnai, born November 22, 1902 in Budapest, died on February 3, 1982 in Stockholm, was a Hungarian-Swedish Diploma engineer, inventor, constructor, mechanical engineer, precision engineer, electrical engineer and a self-employed person. He is best known for his inventions and patents for spinning machines, devices for the Swedish National Defense and several types of tape recorders.
context_section_description: In 1937-1938, Tolnai had several temporary assignments for the army administration in Sweden, which exploited his patents for, among others, including driving relay, an electrically operated switch, which then became part of his construction of the Central Instrument (key instrument). Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used. The structure is used to measure one or more physical quantities. In terms of the basic physical tasks required, a driver must be able to control direction, acceleration, and deceleration. A latching relay has two relaxed states (bistable). These are also called "impulse", "keep", or "stay" relays.
  Central Instrument, a key instrument that is a calculator that calculates how weapons should be directed to hit a target. The first key instruments developed in the early 1900s. Until the mid 1900s consisted of analogue mechanical calculators. Nowadays they consist of computers and used for all types of weapons systems. Anti-aircraft defense must quickly and accurately align the cannons and other artillery before introducing air defense computers (main instrument) and remote control. Flight speeds increased during World War II. This hampered the optical detection, recognition and tracking, but the fire control radar air defense could retain and expand their firepower. A fire-control system is a number of components working together, usually a gun data computer, a director, and radar, which is designed to assist a weapon system in hitting its target. It performs the same task as a human gunner firing a weapon, but attempts to do so faster and more accurately.
  Tolnai constructed the Rapportoskop, a Central Instrument for anti-aircraft cannons (1937) which was patented by Arenco in 12 countries (1937-1939), Royal Swedish Army Materiel Administration, Royal Army Ordnance Depot Department Administration, 1938. Rapportoskop was commissioned in 1938, this design was the beginning of the Central Instrument of Arenco.
  Fire Control, an anti-aircraft defense must quickly and accurately align the cannons and other artillery before introducing air defense computers (main instrument) and remote control. Flight speeds increased during World War II. This hampered the optical detection, recognition and tracking, but the fire control radar air defense could retain and expand their firepower.
  Anti-aircraft defense must quickly and accurately align the cannons and other artillery before introducing air defense computers (main instrument) and remote control. Flight speeds increased during World War II. This hampered the optical detection, recognition and tracking, but the fire control radar air defense could retain and expand their firepower.
  In 1949 Tolnai constructed the Central Instrument (Model Tolnai), the central instrument for anti-aircraft cannons, Royal Swedish Army Materiel Administration, Royal Army Ordnance Department Administration, 1949 edition.
caption: Picture of a simple electromechanical relay with the main parts named.
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