page_title: List of avant-garde artists
section_title: Avant Garde: Visual artists
hierarchical_section_title: List of avant-garde artists / Avant Garde: Visual artists
caption_attribution_description: English: Portrait of Brâncuşi. Français&#160;: Edward Steichen: Portrait de Constantin Brâncuşi (1876-1957), pris dans l'atelier de Brâncuşi à Voulangis, Seine-et-Marne, France, en 1922
context_page_description: Avant-garde is French for "vanguard". The term is commonly used in French, English, and German to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art and culture.
  Avant-garde represents a pushing of the boundaries of what is accepted as the norm or the status quo, primarily in the cultural realm. The notion of the existence of the avant-garde is considered by some to be a hallmark of modernism, as distinct from postmodernism. Postmodernism posits that the age of the constant pushing of boundaries is no longer with us and that avant-garde has little to no applicability in the age of Postmodern art.
context_section_description: Pierre Alechinsky (Belgian artist, member of CoBrA)
  Alexander Archipenko (Ukrainian sculptor)
  Magdalena Abakanowicz (Polish sculptor)
  Hans Bellmer (German artist)
  Joseph Beuys (German artist)
  Francisco Bores (Spanish painter)
  Constantin Brâncuși (Romanian sculptor)
  Georges Braque (French painter)
  David Burliuk (Ukrainian painter, illustrator)
  Wladimir Burliuk (illustrator, Jack of Diamonds)
  Giorgio de Chirico (painter)
  Joseph Csaky (Hungarian-French sculptor)
  Salvador Dalí (Spanish painter)
  Theo van Doesburg (Dutch artist) the founder of De Stijl.
  Jean Dubuffet (French painter)
  Marcel Duchamp (French artist)
  Naum Gabo (sculptor)
  Pablo Gargallo (Spanish sculptor)
  Paul Gauguin(P GO)
  Alberto Giacometti (sculptor)
  Albert Gleizes (French painter and theorist)
  Julio González (Spanish sculptor)
  Natalia Goncharova (Russian painter)
  Arshile Gorky (painter)
  George Grosz (German painter)
  Neil Harbisson (English artist)
  Asger Jorn (Danish artist, member of CoBrA)
  Wassily Kandinsky (Russian artist)
  Allan Kaprow (painter/happenings)
  Roger Kemp (Pioneer Australian abstractionist)
  Frederick John Kiesler (designer), (sculptor), (visual artist)
  Willem de Kooning (painter)
  Yayoi Kusama (Japanese artist and writer)
  Fernand Léger (painter)
  El Lissitzky (Russian artist)
  Kazimir Malevich (Ukrainian artist)
  Agnes Martin (painter)
  Henri Matisse (painter)
  Jean Metzinger (French painter and theorist)
  Joan Miró (Spanish painter and sculptor)
  Piet Mondrian (Dutch artist)
  Henry Moore (sculptor)
  Barnett Newman (painter)
  Georgia O'Keeffe (American artist)
  Claes Oldenburg (sculptor)
  Yoko Ono (Japanese-American sculptor/installation artist/musician)
  Francis Picabia (painter)
  Pablo Picasso (Spanish painter and sculptor)
  Antoine Pevsner (sculptor)
  Jackson Pollock (painter)
  Robert Rauschenberg (painter)
  Man Ray (painter and visual artist)
  Ad Reinhardt (painter)
  Jean-Paul Riopelle (Canadian artist)
  Alexander Rodchenko (Russian artist)
  Olga Rozanova (Russian artist)
  Louis Schanker (American printmaker and sculptor)
  Kurt Schwitters (German artist)
  David Smith (American sculptor)
  Kenneth Snelson (sculptor)
  Frank Stella (painter)
  Vladimir Tatlin (Russian artist)
  Sergei Tretyakov (Russian artist)
  Remedios Varo (Mexican-Spanish painter)
  Wolf Vostell (German Artist)
  Andy Warhol (American painter and director)
  Wols (German painter and photographer)
caption: Constantin Brâncuși, 1922, photo by Edward Steichen
exif: {"Image ImageDescription": "OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA", "Image Make": "OLYMPUS CORPORATION", "Image Model": "C5060WZ", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "300", "Image YResolution": "300", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS2 Macintosh", "Image DateTime": "2007:03:22 16:19:56", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 50, 53, 48, 0, 0, 20, 0, 1, 0, 20, 0, ... ]", "Image ExifOffset": "544", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "1282", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "7148", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/60", "EXIF FNumber": "7/2", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "80", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2006:07:31 00:10:18", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2006:07:31 00:10:18", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "5", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "3", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, auto mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "57/10", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1012", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1256", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "1156", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"}