page_title: Da Vinci Surgical System
section_title: Device
hierarchical_section_title: Da Vinci Surgical System / Device
caption_attribution_description: English: The surgeon console of a da Vinci Surgical System at Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre during the 2015 Cambridge Science Festival.
context_page_description: The da Vinci Surgical System is a robotic surgical system made by the American company Intuitive Surgical. Approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2000, it is designed to facilitate surgery using a minimally invasive approach, and is controlled by a surgeon from a console. The system is used for prostatectomies, and increasingly for cardiac valve repair and gynecologic surgical procedures. According to the manufacturer, the da Vinci System is called "da Vinci" in part because Leonardo da Vinci's "study of human anatomy eventually led to the design of the first known robot in history."
  Da Vinci Surgical Systems were used in an estimated 200,000 surgeries in 2012, most commonly for hysterectomies and prostate removals. In 2019-2020, there are an installed base of 4,986 units worldwide – 2,770 in the United States, 719 in Europe, 561 in Asia, and 221 in the rest of the world. The "Si" version of the system costs on average slightly under US$2 million, in addition to several hundred thousand dollars of annual maintenance fees. The da Vinci system has been criticised for its cost and for a number of issues with its surgical performance.
context_section_description: The da Vinci System consists of a surgeon's console that is typically in the same room as the patient, and a patient-side cart with three to four interactive robotic arms (depending on the model) controlled from the console. The arms are for tools that hold objects, and can also act as scalpels, scissors, bovies, or graspers; the final arm controls the 3-D cameras. The surgeon uses the console's controls to maneuver the patient-side cart's three or four robotic arms. The da Vinci System always requires a human operator.
caption: A surgeon console at the treatment centre of Addenbrooke's Hospital
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