page_title: Japan–Korea Agreement of August 1904
section_title: Recision
hierarchical_section_title: Japan–Korea Agreement of August 1904 / Recision
caption_attribution_description: en:Gojong of Korea's retraction of the en:Eulsa Treaty, sent to England in 1905. Retrieved from [1] Partial transcription: (Translation) To His Majesty the King of England -- Greeting[s]: For many years the Government of Korea has born relations with the Government of Great Britain and evidences of the good-will of that Power. In this _____ we feel that all people who desire to ___ sympathize with us. In order to show that great in ___ done ___ we hereby declare that the so-called treaty [of] 1905 was fraudulent, because, (1) the signatures of the Cabinet were obtained by intimidation and ___ authorised the ____ to sign the document, of the Cabinet at which it was signed was illegal, neither at our call nor that of the Prime Minister ____ themselves. In view of the fact that we are at the present a dependent Power .... yes to re-establish .... ___ .... desired will fully accept .... In witness whereof we .... the Imperial ___ Once .... 親書 大韓國太皇帝 _ _ 致書于 大英國 _ 印度國大皇帝陛下 ....
context_page_description: The Japan–Korea Protocol of August 1904 was made between representatives of the Empire of Japan and the Korean Empire in 1904. Negotiations were concluded on August 22, 1904.
context_section_description: This "alleged treaty" was contrived in a coercive process; and Koreans sought to invalidate the unwanted consequences by presenting evidence to the international community.  For example, 
  1905: Emperor Gojong of the Korean Empire wrote personally to the heads of state in those countries having treaties with Korea; and the Korean government filed formal appeals and sent formal cable notices, but these diplomatic gestures were unavailing.
  1907: In what is sometimes called the "Hague Secret Emissary Affair," Korean emissaries sought unsuccessfully to seek international assistance at the Hague Convention of 1907 at The Hague, Netherlands in 1907.
  1921: Korean representatives attempted to gain a hearing at the Washington Naval Conference of 1921; but the effort was ineffective.
  This treaty was confirmed to be "already null and void" by Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea concluded in 1965.
   In 2010, Japan argued that the chronological point of reference for "already null and void" was August 15, 1948, when the government of the Republic of Korea was established.  This point of view is disputed by the Korean analysis, which construes the 1965 treaty as acknowledgment of the nullification of all Japanese-Korean treaties and agreements from 1904 onwards.
caption: Gojong's analysis of the "treaty of 1905" – just one of many efforts to invalidate the consequences of a coercive process.
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