page_title: Mark 84 bomb
section_title: Development
hierarchical_section_title: Mark 84 bomb / Development
caption_attribution_description: English: At sea aboard USS Enterprise (CVN 65) Aug. 30, 2003 -- Aviation Ordnancemen Airman Bryan K. Crone from Boulder, Co., and Aviation Ordnancemen 3rd Class Eric Rowan from Salem, Mo., both assigned to the “Sidewinders” of Strike Fighter Squadron Eighty Six (VFA-86), remove a hoisting sling from an ammo crate carrying 2000-pound Mark 84 general purpose bombs. Aviation Ordnanceman 2nd Class Kendrick A. Williams from Atlanta, Ga., assigned to the ship’s G-1 division supervises the weapons transfer. Enterprise is currently underway in the western Atlantic completing a Tailored Ships Training Availability (TSTA) in preparation for an upcoming scheduled deployment. U.S. Navy photo by Photographer's Mate 3rd Class Lance H. Mayhew, Jr. (RELEASED)
context_page_description: The Mark 84 or BLU-117 is an American general-purpose bomb. It is the largest of the Mark 80 series of weapons. Entering service during the Vietnam War, it became a commonly used US heavy unguided bomb to be dropped. At the time, it was the third largest bomb by weight in the US inventory behind the 15,000-pound BLU-82 "Daisy Cutter" and the 3,000-pound M118 "demolition" bomb. It is currently sixth in size due to the addition of the 5,000 lb GBU-28 in 1991, the 22,600 lb GBU-43/B Massive Ordnance Air Blast bomb in 2003, and the 30,000 lb Massive Ordnance Penetrator.
context_section_description: The Mark 84 has a nominal weight of 2,000 lb (907 kg), but its actual weight varies depending on its fin, fuze options, and retardation configuration, from 1,972 to 2,083 lb (894 to 945 kg). It is a streamlined steel casing filled with 945 lb (429 kg) of Tritonal high explosive.
  The Mark 84 is capable of forming a crater 50 feet (15 m) wide and 36 ft (11 m) deep. It can penetrate up to 15 inches (38 cm) of metal or 11 ft (3.4 m) of concrete, depending on the height from which it is dropped, and causes lethal fragmentation to a radius of 400 yards (370 m).
  Many Mark 84s have been retrofitted with stabilizing and retarding devices to provide precision guidance capabilities. They serve as the warhead of a variety of precision-guided munitions, including the GBU-10/GBU-24/GBU-27 Paveway laser-guided bombs, GBU-15 electro-optical bomb, GBU-31 JDAM and Quickstrike sea mines. The HGK is a Turkish guidance kit used to convert 2000-lb Mark 84 bombs into GPS/INS guided smart bombs.
  According to a test report conducted by the United States Navy's Weapon System Explosives Safety Review Board (WSESRB) established in the wake of the 1967 USS Forrestal fire, the cooking off time for a Mk 84 is approximately 8 minutes 40 seconds.
caption: Sailors remove hoisting sling from a crate containing a pair of Mark 84 bomb bodies. Tailfins and fuzes have not yet been fitted
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