page_title: Adequate Public Facilities Ordinance
section_title: Criticism
hierarchical_section_title: Adequate Public Facilities Ordinance / Criticism
caption_attribution_description: Former Maryland governor Parris Glendening speaking about how smart growth principles can be used by existing communities to protect against natural disasters.
context_page_description: An Adequate Public Facilities Ordinance, APFO, or Concurrency Regulation is an American legislative method to tie public infrastructure to growth for a region.
  APFOs take into account the availability of infrastructure. They can affect growth, but are considered separate from growth controls such as building moratoria.
  Ramapo, New York; Petaluma, California; and Boulder, Colorado were some of the early adopters of this tool in America. The state of Florida uses the term "concurrency" in its growth management act.
  APFO regulations take into account some or all of a jurisdiction's infrastructure requirements, including:
  Transportation
  School facilities
  Water supply
  Water treatment
  Roads
  Other elements include:
  CIP – Capitol Improvement Programs
  Service Level Standards
context_section_description: Traditional opponents of APFO legislation include industries affected by moratoria or fees, including realtors, developers, and some Smart Growth advocates. Home costs for some locations that have enacted APFO have experienced increases in housing prices affecting affordable housing, in conjunction with positive effects of relief from school capacity shortcomings.
caption: Maryland Governor Parris Glendening advocating Smart Growth in 2006
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