page_title: Quinto (drum)
section_title: 4/4 cross-beat cycle
hierarchical_section_title: Quinto (drum) / Modes / The cross / 4/4 cross-beat cycle
caption_attribution_description: English: quinto drum phrase that groups 16th notes in sets of threes.
context_page_description: The quinto is the smallest and highest pitched type of conga drum. It is used as the lead drum in Cuban rumba styles such as guaguancó, yambú, columbia and guarapachangueo, and it is also present in congas de comparsa. Quinto phrases are played in both triple-pulse and duple-pulse structures. In columbia, triple pulse is the primary structure and duple pulse is secondary. In yambú and guaguancó duple-pulse is primary and triple-pulse is secondary.
context_section_description: During the chorus section the quinto plays cross-beat phrases that contradict the meter by crossing the measure bar. In 4/4 cross-beats are generated by grouping the regular pulses (sixteenth-notes) in sets of three. In the following example every third pulse is sounded with a slap. The entire cross-beat cycle takes three claves (measures) to complete. The quinto is shown on the top line and clave is shown below. Like the lock, the cross begins on 1-e, the first offbeat.
caption: Quinto phrase sounding consecutive cross-beats.
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