page_title: 1964 split in the Communist Party of India
section_title: Bihar
hierarchical_section_title: 1964 split in the Communist Party of India / Regional variations / The split in the state units / Bihar
caption_attribution_description: English: States and Union Territories of India, as of 1964-1965, i.e. between the creation of the state of Nagaland in 1963 and the Punjab Reorganization Act, 1966. Map does not include territories claimed by India but controlled by other countries. Borders not necessarily to scale. Based on File:States_of_India_(1964).png
context_page_description: In 1964 a major split occurred in the Communist Party of India. The split was the culmination of decades of tensions and factional infighting. When India became independent in 1947, differences arose of how to adapt to the new situation. As relations between the Nehru government and the Soviet Union improved, a faction that sought cooperation with the dominant Indian National Congress emerged within CPI. This tendency was led by S.A. Dange, whose role in the party hierarchy became increasingly controversial. When the Sino-Indian War broke out in 1962 Dange's opponents within CPI were jailed, but when they were released they sought to challenge's his leadership. In 1964 the party was finally divided into two, with the left faction forming the Communist Party of India. The split had a lot of regional variations. It also impacted other organizations, such as trade union and peasant movements. The split has been studied extensively by scholars, who have sought to analyze the various domestic and international factors involved.
context_section_description: In Bihar, most of the party organization and leadership sided with the CPI(Right). Only one CPI State Executive member sided with the CPI(Left). Some 19% of the CPI members went to the CPI(Left). Between 1964 and 1972, CPI(M) membership in Bihar declined from 2,698 to 2,386.
caption: Bihar
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