page_title: Peter Bruff
section_title: Early career
hierarchical_section_title: Peter Bruff / Early career
caption_attribution_description: English: Peter Bruff, railway engineer, worked on the Colchester to Sudbury line, including the Chappel Viaduct, between 1847 and 1849. This parchment (page 1 of 3) illustrates his land purchases in the neighbourhood of the Sudbury terminal in 1850-51, as the line was opened. Original in uploader's ownership. Italiano: Pietro Schuyler Bruff (1812-1900), ingegnere ferroviario, lavorava sulla linea fra Colchester (Essex) e Sudbury (Suffolk), (che inchiudeva il grande viadotto "Chappel" per attraversare il fiume Colne), nei anni 1847 fino a 1849. La pergamena (la prima pagine di tre) esemplifica i suoi acquisti di terra a Great Cornard, nella vicinanza dello terminale a Sudbury, nel 1850-51, quando la linea e stata aperta. Originale di proprietà dell'autore del caricamento.
context_page_description: Peter Schuyler Bruff was an English civil engineer best known for founding the seaside resort town of Clacton on Sea, Essex, and for improving the lives of residents in the Essex towns of Walton-on-the-Naze, Colchester and Harwich, no less than for his important involvement in the planning and construction of the Suffolk railways, the renewal of the Ipswich sewerage system, and the Victorian revival of the Coalport porcelain factory, which he purchased in 1880. By the time of his death in 1900, Peter Bruff had helped turn what had thirty years before been an empty piece of farmland with a beach into the flourishing seaside town of Clacton on Sea.
context_section_description: Bruff was born in Portsmouth. While working with Eastern Counties Railway from Shoreditch to Colchester, he began work on the Chappel Viaduct, which was constructed between 1847 and 1849. The viaduct carries the Sudbury Branch Line across the Colne Valley in Essex. It stands 80 feet (24 m) above the river, has 32 arches and is 1,066 feet (325 m) long. The viaduct contains 4.5 million bricks. It was Bruff's dream for the line to Colchester to carry on as far as Ipswich but the railway company did not have sufficient funds. As a result, Bruff formed his own company, the Eastern Union Railway, and built the line himself, including the 361 yd (330 m) tunnel through Stoke Hill by Ipswich railway station.
caption: Deed of purchase by Peter Bruff of land at Great Cornard, January 1851
exif: {"Image ImageDescription": "", "Image Make": "NIKON", "Image Model": "COOLPIX L31", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image Software": "COOLPIX L31    V1.0", "Image DateTime": "0000:00:00 00:00:00", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "2288", "Image SensitivityType": "Standard Output Sensitivity", "Image XPTitle": "[0, 0]", "Image XPSubject": "[32, 0, 32, 0, 32, 0, 32, 0, 32, 0, 32, 0, 32, 0, 32, 0, 32, 0, 32, 0, 0, 0]", "Image Padding": "[]", "Image OffsetSchema": "4192", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/30", "EXIF FNumber": "16/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "80", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "0000:00:00 00:00:00", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "0000:00:00 00:00:00", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "2", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "17/5", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "23/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "4608", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3456", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "26", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "None", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF SubjectDistanceRange": "0", "EXIF Padding": "[]", "EXIF OffsetSchema": "2040"}