page_title: Building restoration
section_title: Types of Treatment
hierarchical_section_title: Building restoration / Types of Treatment
caption_attribution_description: English: The windows of the Cathedral nave been removed, and a crane is removing the remains of the roof and the melted spire and scaffolding
context_page_description: Building Restoration describes a particular treatment approach and philosophy within the field of architectural conservation and historic preservation. It emphasizes the preservation of structures such as historic sites, houses, monuments, and other significant properties through careful maintenance and upkeep. Restoration aims to create accurate depictions of these locations and protect them against deterioration that could make them inaccessible or unrecognizable in the future.
context_section_description: Historical conservation is the "preservation and repair of archaeological, historical, and cultural sites and artifacts". When dealing with building conservation, there are four primary types of treatment, or ways in which a property can be managed. Each one has their own objectives and limitations.
  Preservation "places a high premium on the retention of all historic fabric through conservation, maintenance and repair". In other words, all the materials added to a building over its lifetime are retained and work is only completed when it is essential to prevent deterioration of the site.
  The next two treatments are a subset of preservation with some variation to account for the different requirements of the building and the needs of the institution.
  Rehabilitation is a more lenient standard of preservation because it assumes the building is so deteriorated that it needs repair to prevent further damage. It focuses on maintaining the materials, features, and spatial relationships that give a building historic character and allows for additions or alterations to be made that do not destroy the integrity of the property.
  Restoration like preservation, it works to maintain as much of the original material as possible. However, the focus of restoration is to present the property at a specific point in history. As result repairs and recreations of certain elements or fixtures are completed and anything which postdates the intended period is documented and removed. The extent of a restoration is limited by the existing structure or proof of pre-existing features that were previously modified. Designs that were never executed cannot be included.
  Reconstruction the most substantial type of treatment, it allows for the recreation of a former sites, landscape, or objects that no longer exists using all new materials. It is limited to aspects of a historic building that are essential for understanding and must be completed on documentary and physical evidence. Unlike the other treatments, a reconstruction must be labeled as a "contemporary re-creation" as it has historical foundations but is new in construction.
caption: Renovation of Notre-Dame de Paris following the April 2019 fire.
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