page_title: Stafford, Dolton
section_title: Kelloway/Stowford/Stafford
hierarchical_section_title: Stafford, Dolton / History / Kelloway/Stowford/Stafford
caption_attribution_description: English: Arms of Kelloway of Stowford inthe parish of Dolton, Devon: Argent, two grozing irons in saltire sable between four Kelway pears proper (Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 &amp; 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.510, which blazon adds a bordure engrailed of the second) The arms of Kelloway visible in the churches of Dolton, Iddesleigh and Dowland do not show such a bordure. Grozing irons are used in the manufacture of stained glass and appear in the arms of the Society of Glaziers.
context_page_description: Stafford is an historic manor in the parish of Dolton in Devon, England. The present manor house known as Stafford Barton is a grade II* listed building. A house of some form has existed on the manor probably since the Norman Conquest in the 11th century. Surviving walls can be dated to the 16th century. Many additions and renovations have taken place in the intervening years, and in the early 20th century Charles Luxmoore made many alterations and extensions and imported several major architectural features from ancient local mansions undergoing demolition so that "it has become somewhat difficult to discern its original form". In the nineteenth century the estate was very substantial, with 400 acres of associated farmland and a large staff, and by 1956, at the end of the Luxmoore tenure, it had grown to 1,460 acres with 7 farms, several cottages and smallholdings.
context_section_description: The manor was called "Stowford" during the mediaeval era, and was held for many generations by a gentry family of unknown origins named Kelloway (or Kellaway, etc.).  The canting arms of this family display an ancient variety of pear from France called variously Caillou, Cailloel, Cailhou, etc., Anglicised as "Kelway pear". This is combined, for reasons unknown,  with grozing irons, tools used by glaziers for cutting and shaping stained-glass panes. In the 16th century, for reason unknown, this family adopted the surname "Stowford" (later "Stafford") in place of "Kelloway", but retained the arms of Kelloway.
  The earliest dated member of the Kelloway family of Stafford is Thomas Kelloway (son of William Kelloway), who according to the Devon historian Tristram Risdon (d.1640) at "about the end of King Henry the third's reign" (1216–1272) gave the manor of Stafford to his younger son Philip Kelloway, together with the estate of "Edrescot". It is unclear where the senior line of the family resided thenceforth. In the 16th century a junior line became established in the neighbouring parish of Dowland and Hugh Stafford (1674–1734) of Dowland, a noted authority on cider and apple trees, purchased the manor of Upton Pyne near Exeter, where he built the grand Pynes House, surviving today, as his main residence. He left a daughter as his sole heiress who married into the Northcote family, bringing them several estates including Dowland and Iddesleigh. In 1852 the statesman Sir Stafford Northcote, 8th Baronet (whose first name is a reference to his Stafford ancestors and thus to the manor of Stafford) was ennobled by Queen Victoria as  Earl of Iddesleigh. They remained at Pynes until the 1990s, when they sold it and moved to a new house nearby.
  Eliza Stafford, the last member of the Stafford family to occupy Stafford, died in 1887. Following financial difficulties the estate was sold by the Stafford family in 1889, and has belonged to a variety of individuals since then.
caption: Arms of Kelloway of Stowford in the parish of Dolton and of Stafford of Dowland and Upton Pyne:  Argent, two grozing irons in saltire sable between four Kelway pears proper
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