page_title: Buda heresy
section_title: Fall and retaliation
hierarchical_section_title: Buda heresy / Fall and retaliation
caption_attribution_description: Magyar: (II.) Tamás esztergomi érsek korabeli ábrázolása a szepeshelyi Szent Márton-székesegyházban; Károly Róbert megkoronázását ábrázoló freskó részlete
context_page_description: The Buda heresy was a Waldensian heretical movement from 1304 to 1307 in Buda, the capital of the Kingdom of Hungary. In a political context, the heresy was a tiny segment of a wider conflict during the era of Interregnum following the death of King Andrew III of Hungary, when various claimants fought for the Hungarian throne.
context_section_description: After these happenings, Ladislaus, son of Werner, was released in the third year [1307] from the captivity in which he was held by King Wenceslaus. Together with John, son of Csák, on the Thursday after the feast of the blessed Petronella the Virgin [1 June], he entered the castle of Buda in the silence of the night by the gate which is next to the synagogue of the Jews, and by a sudden attack he overpowered and killed those citizens of Buda who were his enemies and traitors. Peterman, the magistrate of the city, had to flee naked and barely escaped. Two of the citizens, namely Morhan Hermann and Master Martin, sworn citizens of the council of twelve, he caused to be tied to the tails of horses and cruelly dragged through the streets and squares of the city, and their bones he caused to be burned in the fire. He confiscated and appropriated their property. Those treacherous priests of whom we have spoken he delivered over, bound hand and foot, to Thomas, archbishop of Esztergom, who placed them in prison, where they miserably expired their souls.
  — The Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle
  Otto was never able to strengthen his position in Hungary, because only the Kőszegis and the Transylvanian Saxons supported him. Charles seized Esztergom and many fortresses in the northern parts of Hungary in 1306. The town of Buda had gradually isolated, as it walls were surrounded by the lands of barons and towns, who swore loyalty to the House of Anjou one after another prior to 1307. After returning tho his episcopal see, the pro-Charles prelate, Thomas, Archbishop of Esztergom convoked a provincial synod to Udvard, Komárom County (present-day Dvory nad Žitavou, Slovakia) in May 1307, where the prelates excommunicated the burghers of Buda, who had supported the "schismatics" (by name Petermann, Martin and priest Louis) and placed the town under interdict. With that, Archbishop Tomas renewed the former ecclesiastical punishments against the town, issued by Gregory Bicskei, papal legate Niccolò Boccasini and Michael Bő. Thomas announced a period of 40-day forgiveness to all attackers of the city; thus practically the archbishop called for a crusade against Buda, which was declared as a "prey" for all marauders, as historians Ferenc Salamon and László Zolnay emphasized.
  Escaping from his Bohemian captivity, the ex-rector Ladislaus, son of Werner marched into the town with the assistance of John Csák's troops on 1 June 1307. As the Illuminated Chronicle narrates, Ladislaus and John infiltrated into the fort through the gate next to the Jewish synagogue at night. Their troops clashed with the guards of the city council, who refused to acknowledge Charles as their legitimate king. The pro-Wenceslaus rector Petermann escaped from the scene without clothing, while other German burghers were tortured and massacred. John Csák captured and sent priest Louis and those local clergymen, who had participated in the suppressed Waldensian movement, to the court of Archbishop Thomas of Esztergom. The chronicle says, the friars and clergymen died in the archbishop's prison in the midst of suffering.
  The papal legate Gentile Portino da Montefiore convoked the synod of the Hungarian prelates, who declared the monarch inviolable in December 1308. After Ladislaus Kán refused to hand over the Holy Crown to Charles, the legate consecrated a new crown for the king. Archbishop Thomas crowned Charles king with the new crown in the Church of Our Lady in Buda on 15 or 16 June 1309. Rector Ladislaus also attended the ceremony, representing the burghers of the town. When Matthew Csák laid siege Buda in June 1311, the citizens did not rebel against Charles and remained in their loyalty. Salamon and Zolnay considered this date the final reconciliation between Charles and the town. In response, Charles confirmed the privileges of Buda and permitted its autonomous right of coinage (Latin: Libertas Budensium) in that year. However, Matthew Csák's rapid attack also demonstrated the vulnerability of Buda. Amidst his unification war against the oligarchic powers, Charles tran
caption: Archbishop Thomas of Esztergom, a key figure in the suppression of the heretical movement in Buda
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