page_title: Šumperk
section_title: Interwar period
hierarchical_section_title: Šumperk / History / Interwar period
caption_attribution_description: English: Czechoslovak soldiers occupies Sumperk in December 1918, photo taken front of town hallEnglish: Českoslovenští vojáci obsazují Šumperk v roce 1918, foto před Šumperskou radnicí
context_page_description: Šumperk is a town in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 26,000 inhabitants. It is the centre of the north of Moravia and, due to its location, is known as "The Gate to the Jeseníky mountains."
context_section_description: Sudeten Germans on the Austria-Hungary Imperial Council did not accept the establishment of Czechoslovakia and declared sovereignty for German-inhabited Moravia, including Šumperk, under the name Sudetenland. One of these rebels was the Mayor of Šumperk, Gustav Oberleithner, who became vice-prime minister. The town was taken by the Czechoslovak army on 15 December 1918 without any shots being fired. The town council published an official order that people should not show any resistance. Gustav Oberleithner was not punished, as the international status of Czechoslovakia was complicated and Czechoslovak sovereignty over Šumperk was not clear from an international law perspective. 
  The town remained prosperous. The Pramet metal tool factory was established in 1931, and is still operating today.
  The Czech population, previously small, grew substantially during the interwar period, causing ethnic tension. In 1910, 353 Czechs lived in the town, but by 1930, this number had increased to over 2,000, concentrated in the "Czech quarter" (Czech: Česká čtvrť).
  Konrad Henlein's Nazi Sudeten German Party, openly supportive of Adolf Hitler, received 64% of the votes in the elections of 1935.
  After the Munich agreement, Šumperk District was occupied by the Wehrmacht, and was attached to the Third Reich as part of Sudetenland province. Most of the Czechs moved inland. Sixteen anti-Nazi rebels, of Czech and Sudeten German descent, were killed at Bratrušovská shooting range, between Šumperk and Bratrušov.
caption: Czechoslovak soldiers occupy Šumperk in December 1918, photo taken the front of town hall
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