page_title: Erasmo Janer Gironella
section_title: Deputy leader (1889-1901)
hierarchical_section_title: Erasmo Janer Gironella / Deputy leader (1889-1901)
caption_attribution_description: English: de Cerrralbo
context_page_description: José Erasmo Janer Gironella was a Spanish entrepreneur and politician. As a businessman he is considered a member of the textile-industry-related Catalan bourgeoisie, which enjoyed peak of its power in the mid-19th century; Janer represented this group during its declining phase. Politically he earned his name as a Carlist and headed the Catalan branch of the party between 1902 and 1910.
context_section_description: Following the Integrist secession Carlism abandoned its quasi-political format of the 1880s and assumed a decisively more active political stance; the nationwide structures started to emerge, initially styled as committees celebrating 1,400 years since the Conversion of Recaredo. In Catalonia the organization was headed by Llauder, yet Janer – together with Manuel de Torrents – was nominated its vice-president, effectively the second-in-command in the regional party infrastructure. However, his contribution to Carlist buildup seems meager. Though Carlist candidates started to take part in electoral campaigns and under the new nationwide leadership of Marqués de Cerralbo the movement took shape of an organized modern political party, there is little information on Janer's public activity in the early 1890s. Despite consolidation and growth of Catalan Carlism under the regional leadership of Llauder, Janer neither stood as candidate in elections nor was recorded as active in supporting electoral campaigns. While de Cerralbo was striving to implement a new formula of mass mobilization Janer seemed attached rather to old-style patterns and at best took part in closed-door party feasts, like the one in 1893. His popular initiatives stuck to the pilgrimage format, e.g. when organizing workers' romería to Rome in 1894 or signing homage letter to the papal nuncio; the document protested the governmental secularization policy.
  In 1895 Janer was officially confirmed by de Cerralbo as vice-president of the Catalan Carlist organization, yet he still remained in the shadow of Llauder. He was barely mentioned when new party círculos in the region were being opened, typically noted when presiding over official banquets or entertaining royal Carlist figures, e.g. the second wife of the claimant Berthe do Rohan, who visited Barcelona in 1896. Though historiographic studies either on Catalan or nationwide Carlism of the 1890s barely mention his name, de Cerralbo was apparently satisfied with Janer's contribution to the cause; Jefe Delegado addressed him with effusive letters of gratitude and thanked him for electoral efforts; press of the era provides little evidence of such support. Actually, it seems that in the late 1890s the Catalan Carlism was vibrant yet increasingly leaderless and disorganized. Since 1898 due to his poor health Llauder's leadership became largely theoretical, while the movement was plagued by personal squabbles, emerging social radicalism, urban pistolerismo, Catalanist sympathies and insurrectional currents. None of the sources consulted mentions Janer when discussing the local 1899-1900 Carlist revolts in Catalonia. The press noted that in the very first years of the 20th century the Catalan Carlism was led by 3 competitive juntas: 1) the old one headed by Llauder, 2) the new one appointed by recently nominated Jefe Delegado Matiás Barrio and headed by Duque de Solferino, and 3) the one associated with general Moore, headed by Janer; this claim is not confirmed by other sources. Following the death of Llauder and despite rumors pointing to Solferino, following Janer's visit to Don Carlos' residence in Venice in 1902 the claimant nominated him the new Catalan leader.
caption: Marques de Cerralbo
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