page_title: Woodpecker
section_title: List of genera
hierarchical_section_title: Woodpecker / Systematics and evolution / List of genera
caption_attribution_description: English: Campo flicker (Colaptes campestris) female, the Pantanal, Brazil Español: Carpintero campestre (Colaptes campestris), hembra, en el Pantanal, Brasil. Français&#160;: Un pic champêtre, picidé sud-américain. Polski: Samica dzięcioła łąkowego (Colaptes campestris) sfotografowana na&#160;równinie Pantanal w&#160;Brazylii.
context_page_description: Woodpeckers are part of the family Picidae, that also includes the piculets, wrynecks, and sapsuckers. Members of this family are found worldwide, except for Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, Madagascar, and the extreme polar regions. Most species live in forests or woodland habitats, although a few species are known that live in treeless areas, such as rocky hillsides and deserts, and the Gila woodpecker specialises in exploiting cacti.
  Members of this family are chiefly known for their characteristic behaviour. They mostly forage for insect prey on the trunks and branches of trees, and often communicate by drumming with their beak, producing a reverberatory sound that can be heard at some distance. Some species vary their diet with fruits, birds' eggs, small animals, and tree sap, human scraps, and carrion. They mostly nest and roost in holes that they excavate in tree trunks, and their abandoned holes are of importance to other cavity-nesting birds. They sometimes come into conflict with humans when they make holes in buildings or feed on fruit crops, but perform a useful service by their removal of insect pests on trees.
context_section_description: The phylogeny of woodpeckers is still being refined and the positions of some genera continue to be unclear and there are conflicting findings from analyses as of 2016. For more detail, see list of woodpecker species.
  Family: Picidae
  Subfamily: Jynginae – wrynecks
  Jynx (2 species)
  Subfamily: Picumninae – piculets
  Picumnus – piculets (26 species)
  Sasia – Asian piculets (3 species)
  Subfamily: Picinae – true woodpeckers
  Tribe Nesoctitini
  Nesoctites – monotypic: Antillean piculet
  Tribe Hemicircini
  Hemicircus – 2 species
  Tribe Picini
  Micropternus – monotypic: rufous woodpecker
  Meiglyptes – 3 species
  Gecinulus – 3 species
  Dinopium – 5 species (flamebacks)
  Picus – 13 species
  Chrysophlegma – 3 species
  Pardipicus – 2 species
  Geocolaptes – monotypic: ground woodpecker
  Campethera – 11 species
  Mulleripicus – 3 species
  Dryocopus – 6 species
  Celeus – 13 species
  Piculus – 7 species
  Colaptes – 14 species
  Tribe Campephilini
  Campephilus – 11 species
  Blythipicus – 2 species
  Reinwardtipicus – monotypic: orange-backed woodpecker
  Chrysocolaptes – 8 species (flamebacks)
  Tribe Melanerpini
  Sphyrapicus – 4 species (sapsuckers)
  Melanerpes – 24 species
  Picoides – 3 species
  Yungipicus – 7 species
  Leiopicus – monotypic: yellow-crowned woodpecker
  Dendrocoptes – 3 species
  Chloropicus – 3 species
  Dendropicos – 12 species
  Dendrocopos – 12 species
  Dryobates – 5 species
  Leuconotopicus – 6 species
  Veniliornis – 14 species
  Xiphidiopicus – monotypic: Cuban green woodpecker
  Incertae sedis fossils
  Genus: †Palaeopicus (Late Oligocene of France)
  †Picidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene of New Mexico, US)
  †Picidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene of Gargano Peninsula, Italy)
  Genus: †Palaeonerpes (Ogallala Early Pliocene of Hitchcock County, US) – possibly dendropicine
  Genus: †Pliopicus (Early Pliocene of Kansas, US) – possibly dendropicine
  cf. Colaptes DMNH 1262 (Early Pliocene of Ainsworth, US) – malarpicine?
caption: Campo flicker
  Colaptes campestris
  female, Brazil
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