page_title: U.S. Steel Tower
section_title: Water filled columns
hierarchical_section_title: U.S. Steel Tower / Features / Water filled columns
caption_attribution_description: English: The w:U.S. Steel Tower, located in w:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, with the new corporate logo of the w:University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.
context_page_description: The U.S. Steel Tower, also known as the Steel Building, or USX Tower, is a 64-story skyscraper at 600 Grant Street in downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The interior has 2,300,000 sq ft of leasable space. Standing 841 ft tall, it is the tallest building in Pittsburgh, the fifth-tallest in Pennsylvania, the 52nd-tallest in the United States, and the 200th-tallest in the world. It is the tallest building in the world with a completely flat roof. It held its opening dedication on September 30, 1971.
  The tower's original name when completed was the U.S. Steel Tower and was changed to USX Tower in 1988. The name was changed back to the U.S. Steel Tower in January 2002 to reflect U.S. Steel's new corporate identity. Although no longer the owner of the building, U.S. Steel remains one of the largest tenants.
context_section_description: Although accepted for bridges, etc., exposing structural Cor-Ten in a building was not possible using standard construction methods because steel needed to be protected by concrete or an applied insulation to meet the fire-protection requirements of building codes.  Fire protection was achieved for the 18 columns of this tower by making them hollow and filled with a water/antifreeze/rust inhibitor mixture, a technique patented in the 19th century. In another building cited in 1970, the horizontal beams were also hollow and interconnected with the columns, the entire system tested to be leakproof.
caption: Another view of the U.S. Steel Tower with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center sign.
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