page_title: Tordesillas
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Tordesillas / History
caption_attribution_description: العربية: أحد أهم الخرائط الباقية من أوائل عصر الكشوف الجغرافية، خريطة العالم لكانتينو نسبةً إلى الوكيل الدبلوماسي الإيطالي ألبيرتو كانتينو في لشبونة الذي حصل على الخريطة عام 1502 من أجل دوق فيرارا. وقد نُسخت سراً دون تفويض. تشمل على كم كبير من المعلومات الجغرافية الجديدة مستندة على أربع رحلات بحرية: كولومبوس إلى الكاريبي، وبيدرو ألفاريز كابرال إلى البرازيل وفاسكو دي غاما تبعه رحلة كابرال إلى شرق أفريقيا والهند، ورحلة الأخوان كورت-ريل إلى جرينلاند ونيوفنلند. كانت جميع هذه الرحلات قد أبحرت تحت العلم البرتغالي باستثناء رحلة كولومبس. English: The most important manuscript map surviving from the early Age of Discovery, the Cantino World Map is named for Alberto Cantino, an Italian diplomatic agent in Lisbon who obtained it in 1502 for the Duke of Ferrara. It was covertly copied without authorization. It incorporates extensive new geographical information based on four series of voyages: Columbus to the Caribbean, Pedro Álvarez Cabral to Brazil, Vasco de Gama followed by Cabral to eastern Africa and India, and the brothers Corte-Real to Greenland and Newfoundland. Except for Columbus, all had sailed under the Portuguese flag.
context_page_description: Tordesillas is a town and municipality in the province of Valladolid, Castile and León, central Spain.
  It is located 25 kilometres southwest of the provincial capital, Valladolid at an elevation of 704 metres. The population was c. 9,000 as of 2009.
  The town is located on the Douro River although the river is not navigable up to Tordesillas. There are highway connections to Madrid, 182 kilometres to the southeast, and with Salamanca, 96 kilometres to the southwest. The provincial capital of Valladolid is also linked by four-lane highway.
  Because of its important highway connections Tordesillas has become a major transit hub. The economy is based on services — especially connected to tourism — and the agricultural production of the surrounding area. Wheat has long been the traditional agricultural product.
  The town is well served by hotels with a parador, four three-star hotels, one two-star hotel, and ten hostels and pensions. There is also a camping site. There is also an abundance of restaurants — 27 in total — with the Parador restaurant having a three star classification.
context_section_description: The Roman Turris Sillae, built on the hill of Siellas, was the bulwark of the defensive line of the Duero during the Reconquest.  In 1262 it received its charter from Alfonso X the Wise.  The town began to be favored by the royal family and nobility, above all after Alfonso XI built a palace (1325).  In the 15th century the town hosted several meetings of the Cortes.   During the skirmishes between Henry IV and the nobility the city supported the monarchy, and again during the clashes between the Catholic Monarchs and Joanna La Beltraneja in 1476.
  The Catholic Monarchs signed the Treaty of Tordesillas with the Portuguese crown in 1494, which established the line dividing the globe between Spain and Portugal for colonization purposes. This especially affected the Portuguese and Spanish colonization of the Americas, and placed the name Tordesillas in history worldwide ever since.
  Despite Tordesillas' traditional support for the monarchy, in the Castilian War of the Communities by citizens of Castile against the rule of Charles V, the city took the side of the Comuneros. The leaders chose Charles' own mother, Queen Joanna I, as an alternative ruler in more than title in 1519. They came to the town to ask for the mediation of Joanna I, confined within the Santa Clara convent since 1509 by her father Ferdinand II. However, in 1521, after nearly a year of rebellion, the reorganized supporters of the emperor Charles V struck a crippling blow to the comuneros at the Battle of Villalar,  and finally royal troops of the Count of Haro captured Tordesillas.
  This 16th-century event was the beginning of a long decline from influence and prosperity. The ongoing position of Tordesillas at a crossing of historic roads and modern highways has been the decisive factor in its economic survival and development.
caption: The Cantino planisphere (1502), depicting the meridian of Tordesillas.
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