page_title: Domestic pig
section_title: Biology
hierarchical_section_title: Domestic pig / Biology
caption_attribution_description: Afrikaans: 'n Varkskelet wat deur die proses van beenmaserasie voorberei is, en by die Museum vir Veeartseny-anatomie FMVZ USP uitgestal word. Varke is omnivore met 44 tande, insluitende hul geboë slagtande, wat by die beer voortdurend groei, maar nié by die sog nie. Hulle kort ledemate het vier tone elk en is met hoewe afgerond. Die kop het 'n driehoekige profiel wat eindig in die skyfagtige snoet, ondersteun deur die rostrale been wat met die neuskraakbeen verbind is. Hierdie anatomiese konfigurasie stel die vark in staat om sy neus as 'n skopgraaf aan te wend om wortels uit te grawe. Varkvleis is die mees verbruikte vleis ter wêreld, en verteenwoordig sowat 45% van die wêreldwye vleismark. English: Swine. Sus Skeleton specimen of a swine prepared by bone maceration technique in display at the Museum of Veterinary Anatomy FMVZ USP. Pigs are omnivores and have 44 teeth, including the curved canines or tusks, which are of continuous growth in the boar but not in the sow. They have short limbs with four fingers finishing in hoofs. The head has a triangular profile ending at the disclike snout, which is supported by the rostral bone attached to the nasal cartilages. This anatomical configuration of the muzzle allows the pig to use its nose as a shovel to dig roots. Pork is the most consumed meat in the world – corresponding to about 45&#160;% of the global meat market. This file was published as the result of a partnership between the Museum of Veterinary Anatomy FMVZ USP, the RIDC NeuroMat and the Wikimedia Community User Group Brasil. This GLAM project is reported. Photography: Museum of Veterinary Anatomy FMVZ USP Author: Wagner Souza e Silva Español: Esqueleto de cerdo después de la aplicación de una técnica de maceración ósea, en exhibición en el Museo de Anatomía Veterinaria de la Universidad de São Paulo, Brasil. Polski: Szkielet świni spreparowany za&#160;pomocą techniki maceracji kości i&#160;wystawiony w&#160;Muzeum Anatomii Zwierząt Wydziału Weterynarii i&#160;Zootechniki Uniwersytetu w&#160;São Paulo (port. Museu de&#160;Anatomia Veterinária da&#160;Faculdade de&#160;Medicina Veterinária e&#160;Zootecnia da&#160;USP). Português: Esqueleto de suíno, após técnica de maceração óssea, em exibição no Museu de Anatomia Veterinária da Universidade de São Paulo Українська: Скелет свині, до якого було застосовано техніку мацерації кісток, на експозиції в Музеї ветеринарної анатомії Університету Сан-Паулу, Бразилія. Čeština: Kostra prasete (svině) vystavená v Muzeu veterinární anatomie (FMVZ USP) Univerzity São Paulo, Brazílie. Français&#160;: Squelette de porc, après une technique de macération osseuse; exposé au musée d'anatomie vétérinaire de l'université de São Paulo. Magyar: Sertés csontváza a São Paulo Egyetem Állatorvosi Anatómiai Múzeumában Italiano: Scheletro di suino, dopo la tecnica della macerazione ossea, in mostra al Museu de Anatomia Veterinária Prof. Dr. Plínio Pinto e Silva dell'Università di San Paolo. 한국어: 상파울루 대학교 수의해부학 박물관에 전시 중인 침연 과정을 거친 돼지의 뼈대. Македонски: Скелет на свиња во Музејот на ветеринарна анатомија при Универзитетот во Сао Паоло, Бразил. Nederlands: Skelet van een mannelijk varken
context_page_description: The domestic pig, often called swine, hog, or simply pig when there is no need to distinguish it from other pigs, is a large, domesticated, even-toed ungulate. It is variously considered a subspecies of the Eurasian boar or a distinct species. The domestic pig's head-plus-body length ranges from 0.9 to 1.8 m, and adult pigs typically weigh between 50 and 350 kg, with well-fed individuals often exceeding this weight range. The size and weight of hogs largely depends on their breed. Compared to other artiodactyls, a pig's head is relatively long, pointed, and free of warts. Most even-toed ungulates are herbivorous, but domestic pigs are omnivores, like their wild relative.
  When used as livestock, domestic pigs are farmed primarily for the consumption of their flesh, called pork. A group of pigs is called a passel, a team, or a sounder. The animal's bones, hide, and bristles are also used in products. Domestic pigs, especially miniature breeds, are kept as pets.
context_section_description: The domestic pig typically has a large head, with a long snout which is strengthened by a special prenasal bone and a disk of cartilage at the tip. The snout is used to dig into the soil to find food, and is a very acute sense organ. The dental formula of adult pigs is , giving a total of 44 teeth. The rear teeth are adapted for crushing. In the male the canine teeth can form tusks, which grow continuously and are sharpened by constantly being ground against each other.
  Four hoofed toes are on each foot, with the two larger central toes bearing most of the weight, but the outer two also being used in soft ground.
  Most domestic pigs have rather a bristled sparse hair covering on their skin, although woolly-coated breeds such as the Mangalitsa exist.
  Pigs possess both apocrine and eccrine sweat glands, although the latter appear limited to the snout and dorsonasal areas. Pigs, however, like other "hairless" mammals (e.g. elephants, rhinos, and mole-rats), do not use thermal sweat glands in cooling. Pigs are also less able than many other mammals to dissipate heat from wet mucous membranes in the mouth through panting. Their thermoneutral zone is 16 to 22 °C (61 to 72 °F). At higher temperatures, pigs lose heat by wallowing in mud or water via evaporative cooling; although it has been suggested that wallowing may serve other functions, such as protection from sunburn, ecto-parasite control, and scent-marking.
  Pigs are one of four known mammalian species which possess mutations in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that protect against snake venom. Mongooses, honey badgers, hedgehogs, and pigs all have modifications to the receptor pocket which prevents the snake venom α-neurotoxin from binding. These represent four separate, independent mutations.
  Domestic pigs have small lungs in relation to their body size, and are thus more susceptible than other domesticated animals to fatal bronchitis and pneumonia.
caption: Skeleton
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