page_title: Third Aliyah
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Third Aliyah / History
caption_attribution_description: English: Immigration to Israel עברית: קבוצת עובדים המכינים לסלילת רחוב בלפור בתל אביב, ביניהם סבי, חיים צבי אברמוביץ (עם הזקן), Original Image Name:הכנה לסלילת כביש ברחוב בלפור בתל אביב 1921, Location:חולות תל אביב אח&quot;כ רחוב בלפור
context_page_description: The Third Aliyah refers to the third wave—or aliyah—of modern Zionist immigration to Palestine from Europe. This wave lasted from 1919, just after the end of World War I, until 1923, at the start of an economic crisis in Palestine.
context_section_description: Approximately 40,000 Jews arrived in Palestine during the Third Aliyah. The bellwether of the Third Aliyah was the ship SS Ruslan, which arrived at Jaffa Port on December 19, 1919 carrying over 600 new immigrants and people returning after being stranded in Europe during the war.
  The Third Aliyah was triggered by the October Revolution in Russia, anti-semitic pogroms in Eastern Europe and the Balfour Declaration. The pioneers of the Third Aliyah originated mainly from Eastern European countries: 45% from Russia, 31% from Poland, 5% from Romania, and three percent from Lithuania.
  Most of the newcomers were young halutzim (pioneers), who built roads and towns and commenced the draining of marshes in the Jezreel Valley and the Hefer Plain. Afterwards they became a smaller proportion of the immigrants. The importance of those pioneers was just as great as that of the pioneers of the Second Aliyah. Their ideology contributed a great deal to the construction of Palestine, and so they imprinted their mark on Zionism and also on the development of the Jewish settlements in Palestine.
  The Histadrut Labor Federation was established at this time.
caption: Jewish pioneers building Balfour Street in Tel Aviv, 1921
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