page_title: Mongol Armenia
section_title: Advocating a new Crusade with the Mongols (1307)
hierarchical_section_title: Mongol Armenia / Advocating a new Crusade with the Mongols (1307)
caption_attribution_description: Hetoum I (seated) at the court of the Mongols, receiving hommage by the Mongols.
context_page_description: Mongol Armenia or Ilkhanid Armenia refers to the period in which both Armenia and the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia became tributary and vassal to the Mongol Empire in the 1230s.
  Armenia and Cilicia remained under Mongol influence until around 1335.
  During the time period of the later Crusades, there was a short-lived Armenian-Mongol alliance, engaged in some combined military operations against their common enemy, the Mamluks. They succeeded in capturing Baghdad in 1258, but suffered defeat eight years later.
  The Armenian calls for a wider Christian-Mongol alliance against Mamluk Islam, advocated notably by Hayton of Corycus, were ignored by the Latin powers in the Levant, leading to the demise of the European Crusader States and the imminent failure of the Crusades as a whole.
context_section_description: In 1307, Hethum II and Leon III were assassinated with their retinue by the Mongol general of Cilicia, Bilarghu, following an internal plot against Hethum's efforts to unite the Armenian Church with Rome. The Mongol ruler Oljeitu later executed Bilarghu for his crime.
  Also in 1307, the Armenian monk Hayton of Corycus went to visit Pope Clement V in Poitiers, where he wrote his famous "Flor des Histoires d'Orient", a compilation of the events of the Holy Land describing the relations with the Mongols, and setting recommendations for a new Crusade:
  God has also shown the Christians that the time is right because the Tartars themselves have offered to give help to the Christians against the Saracens. For this reason Gharbanda, King of the Tartars, sent his messengers offering to use all his power to undo the enemies of the Christian land. Thus, at present, the Holy Land might be recovered with the help of the Tartars and the realm of Egypt, easily conquered without peril or danger. And so Christian forces ought to leave for the Holy Land without any delay.
  — Hayton, Flor des Estoires d'Orient, Book IV.
caption: Hethum I (seated) in the Mongol court of Karakorum, "receiving the homage of the Mongols".[66] "Histoire des Tartars", Hayton of Corycus, 1307.
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