page_title: Xerxes I
hierarchical_section_title: Xerxes I
caption_attribution_description: فارسی: موزه ایران باستانEnglish: National Museum of Iran National Museum of Iran &#160;&#160;Native nameفارسی: موزهٔ ملی ایرانLocationTehran, IranCoordinates35°&#160;41′&#160;13.36″&#160;N, 51°&#160;24′&#160;52.6″&#160;E &#160;Established1937Web pagewww.nationalmuseumofiran.irAuthority control : Q1631008 VIAF:&#8201;132624459 ISNI:&#8201;0000 0001 1512 2615 LCCN:&#8201;n80079511 GND:&#8201;1246968-3 WorldCat institution QS:P195,Q1631008
context_page_description: Xerxes I, commonly known as Xerxes the Great, was the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, ruling from 486 to 465 BC. He was the son and successor of Darius the Great and his mother was Atossa, a daughter of Cyrus the Great, the first Achaemenid king. Like his father and predecessor Darius I, he ruled the empire at its territorial apex. He ruled from 486 BC until his assassination in 465 BC at the hands of Artabanus, the commander of the royal bodyguard.
  Xerxes I is notable in Western history for his failed invasion of Greece in 480 BC. His forces temporarily overran mainland Greece north of the Isthmus of Corinth until losses at Salamis and Plataea a year later reversed these gains and ended the second invasion decisively. However, Xerxes successfully crushed revolts in Egypt and Babylon. Roman Ghirshman says that, "After this he ceased to use the title of 'king of Babylon', calling himself simply 'king of the Persians and the Medes'." Xerxes also oversaw the completion of various construction projects at Susa and Persepolis.
  Xerxes is identified with the fictional king Ahasuerus in the biblical Book of Esther. That book is broadly considered to be fictional.
context_section_description: Xerxes I (Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠, romanized: Xšaya-ṛšā; c. 518 – August 465 BC), commonly known as Xerxes the Great, was the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, ruling from 486 to 465 BC. He was the son and successor of Darius the Great (r. 522 – 486 BC) and his mother was Atossa, a daughter of Cyrus the Great (r. 550 – 530 BC), the first Achaemenid king. Like his father and predecessor Darius I, he ruled the empire at its territorial apex. He ruled from 486 BC until his assassination in 465 BC at the hands of Artabanus, the commander of the royal bodyguard.
  Xerxes I is notable in Western history for his failed invasion of Greece in 480 BC. His forces temporarily overran mainland Greece north of the Isthmus of Corinth until losses at Salamis and Plataea a year later reversed these gains and ended the second invasion decisively. However, Xerxes successfully crushed revolts in Egypt and Babylon. Roman Ghirshman says that, "After this he ceased to use the title of 'king of Babylon', calling himself simply 'king of the Persians and the Medes'." Xerxes also oversaw the completion of various construction projects at Susa and Persepolis.
  Xerxes is identified with the fictional king Ahasuerus in the biblical Book of Esther. That book is broadly considered to be fictional.
caption: Rock relief of a Achaemenid king, most likely Xerxes, located in the National Museum of Iran[1]
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