page_title: Arnoux system
section_title: Concession & opening of the Ligne de Sceaux
hierarchical_section_title: Arnoux system / Practical application / Concession & opening of the Ligne de Sceaux
caption_attribution_description: Français&#160;: détail gravure du XIX gare et locomotive système Arnoux
context_page_description: The Arnoux system is a train articulation system, for turning on railroad tracks, invented by Jean-Claude-Républicain Arnoux and patented in France in 1838. Arnoux was the chief engineer of the Ligne de Sceaux which was originally built with very tight radii in the area around Sceaux, Hauts-de-Seine.
  With the support of the French Academy of Sciences, Arnoux devised a new articulation system that allowed train wheels to turn, the système ferroviaire dit Arnoux, and the Ligne de Sceaux was built to test his prototypes. The line started commercial use in 1846. But the operating cost and the use of a broad gauge of 1,750 mm meant it was not taken up more widely. Invention of the bogie made it redundant. It was abandoned entirely by 1893.
context_section_description: At the suggestion of François Arago, the Arnoux system was implemented on the Ligne de Sceaux from Paris to Sceaux, Hauts-de-Seine. On 5 September 1844, Arnoux and the Minister of Public Works signed a contract to build and operate the line.
  The line began service in 1846, starting from the Barrière d'enfer ("Hell's Gate") (see Gare de Denfert-Rochereau) with a curved passenger building of 25-metre (82 ft) radius on a balloon loop to allow trains to reverse direction. The route then had its first stop at Arcueil, then Bourg-la-Reine on a 30-metre (98 ft) radius curve. The incline towards Sceaux was straight until the station at Fontenay-aux-Roses, then had a succession of curves at 63,-70-and-50-metre radii (207, 230 and 164 ft); the gradient was up to 11 mm/m (1.1%, 1:91), which was significant. All together the line was 10.5 km (6.5 mi) long.
caption: Système Arnoux train at terminus
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