page_title: Valle de Santiago
section_title: Volcanic Craters
hierarchical_section_title: Valle de Santiago / Volcanic Craters
caption_attribution_description: Español: Crater "La Alberca", en Valle de Santiago, Guanajuato.
context_page_description: Valle de Santiago is a municipio in the Mexican state of Guanajuato, and also the name of its largest township and cabecera municipal. The municipality is located in the southern portion of the state in the Bajío region of central Mexico, and has an area of some 820.1 square kilometres. The city of Valle de Santiago lies at an elevation of 1,744 metres in the east-central part of the municipality, approximately 90 kilometres south of the state capital, Guanajuato.
context_section_description: Over 30 inactive volcanic craters are located in Valle de Santiago, but only 7 of those are recognized, and protected as they have been declared national monuments. The seven volcanic craters are known as "Siete Luminares" and include Cíntora, Hoyas de Santa Rosa, La Alberca, San Nicolás de Parangueo, Blanca, Estrada, Álvarez and Solís. Many of these craters naturally evolved into crater-lakes, and they would later become recreational spots. La Alberca, which translates to "the pool", was once an abundant lake that just over 40 years ago was filled with fresh water, but due to human activity has now dried up and been populated with cacti and shrubs. One of the biggest factors for the current state of these now dried crater lakes is the over extraction of groundwater for both water supply and irrigation.  The government has banned groundwater extraction and they are making various efforts to conserve the condition of these seven craters and prevent further damage. Since the SIete Luminares are essential for agriculture and wildlife, there is a large amount of effort being pushed towards their preservation.
caption: La Alberca currently.
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