page_title: Mastopexy
section_title: Surgical procedures
hierarchical_section_title: Mastopexy / Surgical procedures
caption_attribution_description: Breast reduction
context_page_description: Mastopexy is the plastic surgery mammoplasty procedure for raising sagging breasts upon the chest of the woman, by changing and modifying the size, contour, and elevation of the breasts. In a breast-lift surgery to re-establish an aesthetically proportionate bust for the woman, the critical corrective consideration is the tissue viability of the nipple-areola complex, to ensure the functional sensitivity of the breasts for lactation and breast-feeding.
  The breast-lift correction of a sagging bust is a surgical operation that cuts and removes excess tissues, overstretched suspensory ligaments, excess skin from the skin-envelope, and transposes the nipple-areola complex higher upon the breast hemisphere. In surgical practice, mastopexy can be performed as a discrete breast-lift procedure, and as a subordinate surgery within a combined mastopexy–breast augmentation procedure.
  Moreover, mastopexy surgery techniques also are applied to reduction mammoplasty, which is the correction of oversized breasts.
context_section_description: Indications
  The surgeon–physician evaluates the woman requesting a breast-lift operation to confirm that she understands the health risks and benefits of the mastopexy procedure. The surgeon confirms that her ideal body image (aesthetic goal) corresponds to what can realistically be achieved with the plastic surgery options available. The following conditions are indications for mastopexy.
  Sagging breasts, which prolapsed (fell forward) consequent to postpartum milk gland diminishment, menopause, gross weight-loss, et cetera.
  Post-explantation ptosis, the sagging of the inelastic skin envelopes, once emptied of the breast implants.
  Congenital ptosis and pseudoptosis, as observed in conditions such as tuberous breast deformity (constricted breast).
  Acquired or relative ptosis, as seen in the post-mastectomy breast reconstruction of a bust that is of natural and proportionate size, look, and feel.
caption: Mastopexy corrections: Lollipop incision (vertical scar) and Anchor incision (inferior pedicle) breast-lift procedures; these incision plans also are applied to reduction mammoplasty.
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