page_title: Rose
section_title: Species
hierarchical_section_title: Rose / Botany / Species
caption_attribution_description: English: Bouquet of beautiful red roses
context_page_description: A rose is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa, in the family Rosaceae, or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred species and tens of thousands of cultivars. They form a group of plants that can be erect shrubs, climbing, or trailing, with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles. Flowers vary in size and shape and are usually large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows and reds. Most species are native to Asia, with smaller numbers native to Europe, North America, and northwestern Africa. Species, cultivars and hybrids are all widely grown for their beauty and often are fragrant. Roses have acquired cultural significance in many societies. Rose plants range in size from compact, miniature roses, to climbers that can reach seven meters in height. Different species hybridize easily, and this has been used in the development of the wide range of garden roses.
context_section_description: The genus Rosa is subdivided into four subgenera:
  Hulthemia (formerly Simplicifoliae, meaning "with single leaves") containing two species from southwest Asia, Rosa persica and Rosa berberifolia, which are the only roses without compound leaves or stipules.
  Hesperrhodos (from the Greek for "western rose") contains Rosa minutifolia and Rosa stellata, from North America.
  Platyrhodon (from the Greek for "flaky rose", referring to flaky bark) with one species from east Asia, Rosa roxburghii (also known as the chestnut rose).
  Rosa (the type subgenus, sometimes incorrectly called Eurosa) containing all the other roses. This subgenus is subdivided into 11 sections.
  Banksianae – white and yellow flowered roses from China.
  Bracteatae – three species, two from China and one from India.
  Caninae – pink and white flowered species from Asia, Europe and North Africa.
  Carolinae – white, pink, and bright pink flowered species all from North America.
  Chinensis – white, pink, yellow, red and mixed-color roses from China and Burma.
  Gallicanae – pink to crimson and striped flowered roses from western Asia and Europe.
  Gymnocarpae – one species in western North America (Rosa gymnocarpa), others in east Asia.
  Laevigatae – a single white flowered species from China.
  Pimpinellifoliae – white, pink, bright yellow, mauve and striped roses from Asia and Europe.
  Rosa (syn. sect. Cinnamomeae) – white, pink, lilac, mulberry and red roses from everywhere but North Africa.
  Synstylae – white, pink, and crimson flowered roses from all areas.
caption: Red roses
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