权变选举 在美国权变选举或临时选举英语Contingent election是依据美国宪法第十二条修正案中提到的解决如果没有总统候选人获得过半选举人票的情况下由众议院选总统参议院选副总统程的程序这种情况极为罕见至今只发生过三次触发这一选举程序的情形包括 多名被选举人竞选没有单一被选举人获得以上的绝对多数选举人票 两名被选举人竞选双方同时获得的选举人票 美国宪法第十二条修正案中相关条文如下 The person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed and if no person have such majority then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President the House of Representatives shall choose immediately by ballot the President But in choosing the President the votes shall be taken by states the representation from each state having one vote a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from twothirds of the states and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them before the fourth day of March next following then the VicePresident shall act as President as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President 译文如下 获得总统选票最多的人如所得票数超过所选派选举人总数的半数即为总统如无人获得这种过半数票众议院应立即从被选为总统之人名单中得票最多的但不超过三人中间投票选举总统但选举总统时以州为单位计票每州代表有一票表决权的州各有一名或多名众议员出席即构成选举总统的法定人数选出总统需要所有州的过半数票当选举总统的权力转移到众议院时如该院在次年月日前尚未选出总统则由副总统代理总统如同总统死亡或宪法规定的其他丧失任职能力的情况一样 第届美国国会年月日英语th United States Congress 斜体字内容被年第二十条修正案第第节取代