Mir-200

분자 생물학에서 mir-200 mircoRNA는 짧은 RNA분자이다. 마이크로RNA는 mRNA에 붙고 그것이 잘라지게 하는 방법으로 번역을 막아 다른 유전자의 발현 정도를 조절한다. miR-200과는 miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141, miR-429를 포함한다. miR-200 마이크로RNA가 암전이에 연관이 있다는 증거는 속속히 드러나고 있다. miR-200의 다섯 구성원은 두 가지의 클러스터에 존재한다. 사람에서는 miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-429는 염색체1번에 위치하고, miR-200c, miR-141은 염색체12번에 위치한다. 쥐에서는 두 클러스터가 염색체4번 6번에 위치한다. miR-200과의 구성원은 상피조직에 풍부하다. miR-200과는 전이의 시작인 상피-간엽 전환(EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition)에 중요한 역할을 한다고 알려졌다. EMT는 배아 발생의 한 부분이며, 암의 진행과 많은 유사점을 공유한다. EMT과정에서 세포는 접착능력을 잃고 운동성이 증가한다. 이것은 E-캐드헤린발현의 억제로 나타나며 전이의 처음 과정이다. 대조적으로, miR-200은 전이의 마지막 단계를 촉진하는 것으로 보였으며 이것은 전이되는 암세포가 EMT의 반대과정인 MET를 전이되어 도착된 세포에서 콜로니를 형성할 때 일어난다. 쥐의 동형 암 세포 라인에서, miR-200과는 전이를 할 수 있는 세포(4T1세포)에서는 강하게 발현되지만, 콜로니를 형성 할 수 없는 세포(4TO7세포)에서는 발현되지 않았다. 비전이성세포인 4TO7세포에서 miR-200c의 과발현은 쉽게 MET를 가능하게 하였으며 간과 폐에 콜로니를 생성하였다. miR-200은 E-캐드헤린전사 억제자인 ZEB1과 ZEB2를 대상으로 한다. miR-141과 miR200b는 E-캐드헤린의 발현을 줄여서 세포의 이동능력을 증가시키고 EMT를 유발한다. 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