성 토마스 기독교인

인도의 시리아 기독교인, 마르토마 나스라니, 말라바르 나스라니, 말란카라 나스라니 또는 나스라니 마프필라라고도 불리는 성 토마스 기독교인들은 오늘날 시리아 기독교의 동시리아 전례와 서시리아 전례를 수용하는 케랄라 주 출신의 인도 기독교 공동체이다. 그 기원은 1세기 토마스 사도의 전도 활동에서 비롯되었다. 성 토마스 기독교인은 역사적으로 동방 기독교 계층의 일부였지만 오늘날에는 각각 고유한 전례와 전통을 가진 여러 다른 동방 가톨릭교회, 오리엔트 정교회, 개신교 및 독립 단체로 나뉜다. 그들은 말라얄리인이며 말라얄람어를 사용한다. 성 토마스 기독교 Fahlbusch, Erwin; Bromiley, Geoffrey William; Lochman, Jan Milic (2008). 《The Encyclodedia of Christianity》. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 285쪽. ISBN 978-0-8028-2417-2.  Israel Museum (1995). 《The Jews of India: A Story of Three Communities》. UPNE. 27쪽. ISBN 978-965-278-179-6.    Bayly, Susan (2004). 《Saints, Goddesses and Kings: Muslims and Christians in South Indian Society, 1700–1900》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521891035.  Baum, Wilhelm; Winkler, Dietmar W. (2003). 《The Church of the East: A Concise History》. London-New York: Routledge-Curzon. ISBN 9781134430192.  Brown, Leslie W. (1956). 《The Indian Christians of St Thomas: An Account of the Ancient Syrian Church of Malabar》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.  Frykenberg, Robert E. (2008). 《Christianity in India: From Beginnings to the Present》. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198263777.  Kollaparambil, Jacob (1992). 《The Babylonian origin of the Southists among the St. Thomas Christians》. Pontifical Oriental Institute. ISBN 8872102898.  Kollaparambil, Jacob (2015). 《Sources of the Syro Malabar Law》. Oriental Institute of Religious Studies India. ISBN 9789382762287.  Mingana, Alphonse (1926). “The Early Spread of Christianity in India” (PDF). 《Bulletin of the John Rylands Library》 10 (2): 435–514. doi:10.7227/BJRL.10.2.7. 2021년 1월 24일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 7월 1일에 확인함.  Mooken, Aprem (1975). 《Mar Abimalek Timotheus: A Biography》 (PDF). Trichur: Mar Narsai Press.  Mooken, Aprem (1977). 《The Chaldean Syrian Church in India》. Trichur: Mar Narsai Press.  Mooken, Aprem (1983). 《The Chaldean Syrian Church of the East》. Delhi: National Council of Churches in India.  Mooken, Aprem (1987). 《Mar Abdisho Thondanat: A Biography》. Trichur: Mar Narsai Press.  Moraes, George M. (1964). 《A History of Christianity in India: From Early Times to St. Francis Xavier: A. D. 52-1542》. Bombay: Manaktalas.  Mundadan, Anthony Mathias (1943). 《History of Christianity in India》 1. Bangalore: Church History Association of India.  Mundadan, Anthony Mathias; Thekkedath, Joseph (1982). 《History of Christianity in India》 2. Bangalore: Church History Association of India.  Mundadan, Mathias (1967). 《The Arrival of the Portuguese in India and the Thomas Christians Under Mar Jacob, 1498–1552》. Bangalore: Dharmaram College.  Mundadan, Mathias (1970). 《Sixteenth century traditions of St. Thomas Christians》. Bangalore: Dharmaram College.  Mundadan, Mathias (1984). 《Indian Christians: Search for Identity and Struggle for Autonomy》. Bangalore: Dharmaram College.  Neill, Stephen (1966) [1984]. 《Colonialism and Christian Missions》. New York: McGraw-Hill.  Neill, Stephen (2004) [1984]. 《A History of Christianity in India: The Beginnings to AD 1707》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521548854.  Neill, Stephen (2002) [1985]. 《A History of Christianity in India: 1707-1858》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521893329.  Prasad, Rajendra (2009). 《A Historical-Developmental Study of Classical Indian Philosophy of Morals》. History of Science, Philosophy, and Culture in Indian Civilization 12. Delhi, India: Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-8069-595-7.  Vadakkekara, Benedict (2007). 《Origin of Christianity in India: A Historiographical Critique》. Delhi: Media House. ISBN 9788174952585.  Vellian, Jacob (1986). 《Symposium on Knanites》. Syrian Church Series 12. Jyothi Book House.  Wilmshurst, David (2000). 《The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318–1913》. Louvain: Peeters Publishers. ISBN 9789042908765.  Brock, Sebastian P. (2011). 〈Thomas Christians〉. Sebastian P. Brock; Aaron M. Butts; George A. Kiraz; Lucas Van Rompay. 《Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage: Electronic Edition》. Gorgias Press. 2016년 9월 22일에 확인함.  Iyer, K.V. Krishna, Kerala's Relations with the Outside World, pp. 70, 71 in "The Cochin Synagogue Quatercentenary Celebrations Commemoration Volume", Kerala History Association, Cochin, 1971. Harris, Ian C., 편집. (1992). 《Contemporary Religions: A World Guide》. Harlow: Longman. ISBN 9780582086951.  Landstrom, Bjorn (1964) "The Quest for India", Doubleday English Edition, Stockholm. Mariamma Joseph (1994).Marriage Among Indian Christians. Jaipur: Rawat Publications Mathew, N. M. St. Thomas Christians of Malabar Through Ages. CSS Tiruvalla. 2003. Menachery, Professor George. (2000) Kodungallur – The Cradle of Christianity in India, Thrissur: Marthoma Pontifical Shrine. Menachery, Professor George (Ed.). (1982) The St. Thomas Christian Encyclopedia of India, VOL.I, Thrissur. Menachery, Professor George (Ed.). (1973) The St. Thomas Christian Encyclopedia of India, VOL.II, Thrissur. Menachery, Professor George (Ed.). (2010) The St. Thomas Christian Encyclopedia of India, VOL.III, Ollur, Thrissur. Menachery, Professor George (Ed.with Ponnumuthan, Aerath). (2006) Indian Christians and Nation Building, CBCI-KCBC Kochi-Alwaye. Menachery, Professor George (Ed.with Snaitang). (2011) India's Christian Heritage, Church History Assn. of India, Bangalore (DVK). Menachery George & Chakkalakal [1] Werner (1987) "Kodungallur: City of St. Thomas", Azhikode Miller, J. Innes. (1969). The Spice Trade of The Roman Empire: 29 B.C. to A.D. 641. Oxford University Press. Special edition for Sandpiper Books. 1998. ISBN 0-19-814264-1. Podipara, Placid J. (1970) "The Thomas Christians". London: Darton, Longman and Tidd, 1970. (is a readable and exhaustive study of the St. Thomas Christians.) Poomangalam C.A (1998) The Antiquities of the Knanaya Syrian Christians; Kottayam, Kerala. Puthur, B. (ed.) (2002): The Life and Nature of the St Thomas Christian Church in the Pre-Diamper Period (Cochi, Kerala). Fr. Dr. V.C. Samuel. (1992) The Growing Church: An Introduction to Indian Church History, Kottayam. The-Growing-Church. Tamcke, M. (ed.) (2001) : Orientalische Christen zwischen Repression und Migration (Studien zur Orientalischen Kirchengeschichte 13; Münster: LIT). Thayil, Thomas (2003). The Latin Christians of Kerala: A Study on Their Origin. Kristu Jyoti Publications. ISBN 81-87370-18-1 Tisserant, E. (1957) Eastern Christianity in India: A History of the Syro-Malabar Church from the Earliest Times to the Present Day. Trans. and ed. by E. R. Hambye. Westminster, MD: Newman Press. Vellian Jacob (2001) Knanite community: History and culture; Syrian church series; vol. XVII; Jyothi Book House, Kottayam Veluthat, K. (1978). Brahmin settlements in Kerala: Historical studies. Calicut: Calicut University, Sandhya Publications. Susan Visvanathan (1993) The Christians of Kerala: History, Belief and Ritual Among the Yakoba. New Delhi/Madras/New York: Oxford University Press Susan Visvanathan (1989) "Marriage, Birth and Death-Property Rights and Domestic Relationships of the Orthodox Jacobite Syrian Christians of Kerala", Economic and Political Weekly, Vol – XXIV No. 24, 17 June 1989. Susan Visvanathan (1986) "Reconstructions of the Past among the Syrian Christians of Kerala", Contributions to Indian Sociology (Sage Publishers), July 1986; vol. 20, 2: pp. 241–260. Susan Visvanathan (2010)."The Status of Christian Women in Kerala", in 'World Christianity: Critical Concepts in Religious Studies', edited by Elizabeth Koepping, London: Routledge, 2010. Susan Visvanathan (2011) "The Eucharist in a Syrian Christian Church", in T.N.Madan (edited) 'India's Religions : Perspectives from Sociology and History'. New Delhi: Oxford University Press Jacobite Syrian Christian Church The Syro Malabar Church Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church (Indian Orthodox Church) Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church Population of Christians in India and Kerala based on 2001 report of Indian census Syrian Christians are in a class of their own South Indian newspaper 31 August 2001 The Nasrani Syrian Christian Network Project for preserving the manuscripts of the Syrian Christians of Kerala Archived 2014년 8월 28일 - 웨이백 머신