유엔 총회 결의 제195호

유엔 총회 결의 제195호는 1948년 12월 12일에 유엔 총회가 프랑스 파리에서 결의했으며, 대한민국 정부를 한반도 유일의 합법정부로 승인한 결의다. 1948년 미군정 이후 대한민국이 한반도 내 유일의 합법정부라는 것을 유엔 총회에서 결의안이 채택되었다. [195 (III). The Problem of the independence of Korea] the General Assembly Having regard its resolution 112(II) of 14 November 1947 concerning the problem of the independence of Korea, Having considered the report of the United Nations Temporary Commission on Korea(hereinafter referred to as the "Temporary Commission"), and the report of the Interim Committee of the General Assembly regarding its consultation with the Temporary Commission, Mindful of the fact that, due to difficulties referred to in the report of the Temporary Commission, the objectives set forth in the resolution of 14 November 1947 have not been fully accomplished, and in particular that unification of Korea has not yet been achieved, 1. Approves the conclusions of the reports of the Temporary Commission; 2. Declares that there has been established a lawful government ( the Government of te Republic of Korea) having effective control and jurisdiction over that part of Korea where the Temporary Commission was able to observe and consult and in which the great majority of the people of all Korea reside; that this Government is based on elevations which were a called expression of the free will of the electorate of that part of Korea and which were observed by the Temporary Commission; and that this is the only such Government in Korea; 3. Recommends that the occupying powers should withdraw their occupation forces from Korea as early as practicable; 4. Resolves that, as a means to the full accomplishment of the objectives set forth in the resolution of 14 November 1947, a Commission on Korea consisting of Australia,, China, El Salvador, France, India, the Philippines and Syria, shall be established to continue the work of the Temporary Commission and carry out the provisions of the present resolution, having in mind the status of the Government of Korea as herein defined, and in particular to : (a) Lend its good offices to bring about the unification of Korea and the integration of all Korean security forces in accordance with the principles laid down by the General Assembly in the resolution of 14 November 1947; (b) seek to facilitate the removal of barriers to economic, social and other friendly intercourse caused by the division of Korea; (c ) Be available for observation and consultation in the further development of representative government based on the freely-expressed will of the people; (d) Observe the actual withdrawal of the occupying forces and certify the fact of withdrawal when such has occurred; and for this purpose, if it so desires, request the assistance of military experts of the two occupying powers; 5. Decides that the Commission: (a) Shall, within thirty days of the adoption of the present resolution, proceed to Korea, where it shall maintain its seat; (b) shall be regarded as having superseded the Temporary Commission established by the resolution of 14 November 1947; (c ) Is authorized to travel, consult and observe throughout Korea; (d) Shall determine its own procedures; (e) May consult with the Interim Committee with respect to the discharge of its duties in the light of developments and within the terms of the present resolution; (f) Shall render a report to the next regular session of the General Assembly and to any prior special session which might be called to consider the subject-matter of the present resolution, and shall render such interim reports as it may deem appropriate to the Secretary-General for distribution to Members; 6. Requests that the Secretary-General shall provide the Commission with adequate staff and facilities, including technical advisers as required; and authorizes the Secretary-General to pay he expenses and per diem of a representative and an alternate from each of the states members of the Commission; 7. Calls upon the Member States concerned, the Government of the Republic of Korea, and all Koreans to afford every assistance and facility to the Commission in the fulfillment of its responsibilities; 8. Calls upon Member States to refrain from any acts derogatory to the results achieved and to be achieved by the United Nations in bringing about the complete independence and unity of Korea; 9. Recommends that Member States and other nations, in establishing their relations with the Government of the Republic of Korea, take into consideration the facts set out in paragraph 2 of the present resolution, Hundred and eighty-seventh plenary meeting 12 December 1948. 대한민국 한반도 Chung, Inseop (2022). “The Resolution 195(III) of the UN General Assembly in 1948: Searching for Its Meaning”. 《Seoul International Law Journal》 (카누리어) 29 (1): 241–277. doi:10.18703/silj.2022.06.29.1.241. ISSN 1226-3508.  “[시론] 유엔의 48년 ‘유일 합법정부’ 승인 38도선 이남인가, 한반도 전체인가 / 박태균”. 2013년 10월 30일. 2023년 8월 31일에 확인함.  “한국은 한반도 유일한 합법정부로 인정받지 못했다”. 2015년 6월 15일. 2023년 8월 31일에 확인함.  기자, 송윤경 (2018년 5월 2일). “정권 따라 넣었다 뺐다…‘한반도 유일 합법정부’”. 2023년 8월 31일에 확인함.  “한·유엔 관계주유엔 대한민국 대표부”. 2023년 8월 31일에 확인함.  “[커버스토리]유엔,대한민국을 승인하다 / 제성호 중앙대학교 법학전문대학원 교수”. 2023년 8월 31일에 확인함.  기자, 정영교 (2023년 3월 15일). “‘대한민국, 한반도 유일 합법정부’…문 정부서 삭제 5년 만에 부활”. 2023년 8월 31일에 확인함.  “南北 격전장 된 파리… 48개국 '찬성표'가 대한민국 탄생시켜”. 2023년 8월 31일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2023년 8월 31일에 확인함.  UN. General Assembly (3rd sess. : 1948-1949 : Paris, Etc ) (1948). “The problem of the independence of Korea.” (영어).