브라질의 대통령 목록

이 항목은 브라질의 역대 대통령 목록이다. 정당   무소속 (군부 출신)   상파울루 공화당   미나스제라이스 공화당   리우데자네이루 공화당   보수공화당   자유동맹 정당   사회민주당   브라질 노동당   국가노동당   국민개조동맹당 (후에 민주사회당으로 변경) 정당   브라질 민주운동당   국가재건당   브라질 사회민주당   노동당   사회자유당 브라질의 역사 In a coup d'état, he shut down the National Congress and ruled by decree for a few days. There was a reaction of those loyal to the Constitution and Deodoro was forced to resign the presidency. His dissolution of Congress and his acts since the coup were considered null and void. Died in office. Rodrigues Alves, who had been the 5th President of Brazil (1902-1906), was elected to serve as the 10th President in 1918 but fell ill with the Spanish Flu before his inauguration, so that he was not able to attend it. His running-mate, Delfim Moreira took office as Vice-President and became Acting President. Rodriges Alves never took the oath of office to become the 10th President, as he did not recover from his illness and died. Delfim Moreira succeeded to the Presidency upon the President-elect's death in January 1919. Vice-President Delfim Moreira succeded to the Presidency upon the death of President-elect Rodrigues Alves, but, in accordance with the constitutional provisions then in force, since the vacancy of the presidency occurred in the first half of the four-year presidential term, new elections were summoned and Delfim Moreira served only until an elected President was chosen and inaugurated to finish the 1918-1922 presidential term. Deposed by the 1930 Revolution Júlio Prestes, elected on 1 March 1930, never took office due to the 1930 coup that deposed his predecessor Washington Luís. Getúlio Vargas was de facto President of Brazil from 3 November 1930 to 20 July 1934, as head of the provisional government. On July 17, 1934, he was elected President of Brazil by the National Constituent Assembly, taking office three days later. On 10 November 1937, he led a coup d'état and proclaimed the Estado Novo dictatorship, extending his term until 29 October 1945, when he was deposed by the military. The office of Vice-President was abolished during Vargas' tenure. José Linhares, President of the Supreme Court, took office after he was summoned by the Armed Forces, once his predecessor had been deposed. Committed suicide. Declared himself unable to govern for medical reasons. His self declared incapacity led to the assumption of the presidency by Carlos Luz (who was President of the Chamber of Deputies) as Acting President. Carlos Luz was seen as hostile to the inauguration of the then-president elect, Juscelino Kubitschek. Fearing that Carlos Luz would lead a coup to prevent the inauguration of the president-elect, a section of the military deposed him, and installed the President of the Senate, Nereu Ramos, as Acting President of the Republic in his stead. Upon the deposition of Carlos Luz from the post of Acting President, President Café Filho attempted to terminate his self-declared incapacity, but was prevented from resuming the powers and duties of the presidency by the same military faction that had installed Nereu Ramos as Acting President. Deposed. President of the Senate. Summoned by the Minister of the Army, Marshall Henrique Teixeira Lott, who led the coup to overtrow Carlos Luz, Senator Nereu Ramos assumed the presidency after Luz's deposition. resigned from office. Acting president following Quadros' resignation. Vice-President João Goulart was on an official visit to China, and only took office on September 7. Goulart was on an official visit to China when Quadros resigned the presidency. While the Vice-President was still abroad, there was an attempt on the part of the Vice-President's opponents, who controlled Congress, to prevent him from being inaugurated, but that movement failed, due to resistance by the Governor of the State Rio Grande do Sul and a split in the military. However, Congress only allowed the inauguration of Goulart to proceed after a compromise was reached, whereby a Constitutional Amendment severely limiting the powers of the presidency was passed on 2 September 1961. Under that Constitutional Amendment, the presidential Executive, that had existed since the proclamation of the Republic, was abolished and replaced with a parliamentary system, in which a prime minister was the head of the Government, and the President retained only the role of head of State. The Amendment however stipulated that the constitutional change would only become permanent if confirmed by the people in a referendum. On 6 January 1963 that referendum was held, and a majority of the voters rejected the Amendment, backing the restoration of the presidential Executive instead. According to the result of the referendum, on 23 January 1963 a new Constitutional Amendment was promulgated, reppealing the 1961 Amendment and re-establishing the presidential Executive as it existed immediately prior to that Amendment. Thus, from 7 September 1961 until 23 January 1963 President Goulart served as head of State only, in a parliamentary system of Government, and, from 23 January 1963 onwards, he served as both Head of State and Head of Government. deposed by the military coup of 1964 Following the 1964 military coup, the President of Congress, Senator Auro de Moura Andrade convened a joint session of Congress and summarily announced that President João Goulart was deposed. Moura Andrade then declared Ranieri Mazzilli (who then was the President of the Chamber of Deputies and the first person in the presidential line of succession) to have succeeded to the office of President of the Republic. Accordingly, Mazzili assumed the office of President on 1 April, 1964. On 9 April 1964, a body known as the Supreme Command of the Revolution, composed of the leaders of the military coup (the commanders of the three branches of the Armed Forces), issued an Institutional Act summoning the National Congress to elect a new President in 48 hours. The military then put forward the name of Marshall Castelo Branco. Ranieri Mazzili, therefore, remained as President only up to the election and inauguration of Castelo Branco. A military junta composed of the Ministers in charge of the three brances of the Armed Forces assumed the powers of the presidency on 31 August 1969 after President Costa e Sliva suffered a cerebral trombosis that left him completely incapacitated. The military junta seized power so as to prevent the Vice-President, a civilian, from becoming Acting President. In the initial stage of the President's disease, the junta hoped that he would recover. Realizing that he would not, the military junta issued an institutional act on 14 October 1969 removing the incapacitated President from office and summoning new elections. It remained in place until a new President was sworn-in. Died before taking office. Tancredo Neves became gravely ill on the eve of his own inauguration, so that he could not attend it. José Sarney, his running mate, took office as Vice-President and served as Acting President from the day of Neves' would-be inauguration to the day he died. Upon Neves' death on 21 April 1985, Acting President Sarney succeeded to the presidency. Impeached by the Chamber of Deputies. Upon the acceptance of the charges of impeachment, President Collor was suspended from office for 180 days in accordance with the Constitution and the Vice-President became Acting President. On the final day of his trial of impeachment before the Brazilian Federal Senate, Collor resigned the presidency, in an attempt to stop the process. Acting President Itamar Franco was then sworn-in as President. The trial of impeachment continued in spite of Collor's resignation and he was found guilty of the charges and disqualified for holding public office for eight years.