テオネラ・スウィンホエイ

テオネラ・スウィンホエイ (Theonella swinhoei) は、石海綿目に属するカイメンの一種。1868年にジョン・エドワード・グレイによって記載された。この時の標本は台湾からロバート・スウィンホウが大英博物館に送ったもので、種小名は彼への献名である。テオネラ属のタイプ種であり、インド太平洋に広く分布する。 本種からは、異常アミノ酸を多く含むポリペプチド、ポリセオナミド (Polytheonamide) が発見されている。この物質は、細胞膜機能を阻害することによる細胞毒性を示す。 ポリセオナミドの他にも、環状ペプチドを始めとする数多くの生理活性物質が本種から単離されている。これらの化合物の真の生産者はT. swinhoeiの共生微生物であると考えられている。 ^ Gray, J.E. (1868). “Note on Theonella, a New Genus of Coralloid Sponges from Formosa.”. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 565-566. http://biostor.org/reference/60865.  ^ van Soest, R. (2012). Theonella swinhoei Gray, 1868. In: Van Soest, R.W.M, Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J.N.A., Rützler, K, de Voogd, N.J., Alvarez de Glasby, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A.B., Manconi, R., Schoenberg, C., Janussen, D., Tabachnick, K.R., Klautau, M., Picton, B., Kelly, M., Vacelet, J., Dohrmann, M. (2012) World Porifera database. 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