ゲーデル賞

ゲーデル賞 (Gödel Prize) は、理論計算機科学分野で優れた功績を残した人に、ACM（国際計算機学会）のアルゴリズムと計算量理論に関する部会とEATCS（ヨーロッパ理論コンピュータ学会）が贈る賞である。受賞者には賞金5,000ドルが贈られる。論理学者クルト・ゲーデルに由来する。計算機科学分野ではチューリング賞と並んで権威を持つ賞である。 ^ Babai, László; Moran, Shlomo (1988), “Arthur-Merlin games: a randomized proof system, and a hierarchy of complexity class”, Journal of Computer and System Sciences 36 (2): 254–276, doi:10.1016/0022-0000(88)90028-1, ISSN 0022-0000, http://crypto.cs.mcgill.ca/~crepeau/COMP647/2007/TOPIC01/AMgames-Babai-Moran.pdf  ^ Goldwasser, S.; Micali, S.; Rackoff, C. (1989), “The knowledge complexity of interactive proof systems”, SIAM Journal on Computing 18 (1): 186–208, doi:10.1137/0218012, ISSN 1095-7111, http://crypto.cs.mcgill.ca/~crepeau/COMP647/2007/TOPIC02/GMR89.pdf  ^ Håstad, Johan (1989), “Almost Optimal Lower Bounds for Small Depth Circuits”, in Micali, Silvio, Randomness and Computation, Advances in Computing Research, 5, JAI Press, pp. 6–20, ISBN 978-0-89232-896-3, オリジナルの2012-02-22時点におけるアーカイブ。, http://reference.kfupm.edu.sa/content/a/l/almost_optimal_lower_bounds_for_small_de_134215.pdf  ^ Immerman, Neil (1988), “Nondeterministic space is closed under complementation”, SIAM Journal on Computing 17 (5): 935–938, doi:10.1137/0217058, ISSN 1095-7111, http://www.cs.umass.edu/~immerman/pub/space.pdf  ^ Szelepcsényi, R. (1988), “The method of forced enumeration for nondeterministic automata”, Acta Informatica 26 (3): 279–284, doi:10.1007/BF00299636, hdl:10338.dmlcz/120489, http://dml.cz/bitstream/handle/10338.dmlcz/120489/ActaOstrav_03-1995-1_10.pdf  ^ Sinclair, A.; Jerrum, M. (1989), “Approximate counting, uniform generation and rapidly mixing Markov chains”, Information and Computation 82 (1): 93–133, doi:10.1016/0890-5401(89)90067-9, ISSN 0890-5401  ^ Jerrum, M.; Sinclair, Alistair (1989), “Approximating the permanent”, SIAM Journal on Computing 18 (6): 1149–1178, doi:10.1137/0218077, ISSN 1095-7111  ^ Halpern, Joseph; Moses, Yoram (1990), “Knowledge and common knowledge in a distributed environment”, Journal of the ACM 37 (3): 549–587, arXiv:cs/0006009, doi:10.1145/79147.79161, https://www.cs.cornell.edu/home/halpern/papers/common_knowledge.pdf  ^ Toda, Seinosuke (1991), “PP is as hard as the polynomial-time hierarchy”, SIAM Journal on Computing 20 (5): 865–877, doi:10.1137/0220053, ISSN 1095-7111, http://faculty.cs.tamu.edu/chen/courses/637/2008/pres/korben.pdf  ^ Shor, Peter W. (1997), “Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Prime Factorization and Discrete Logarithms on a Quantum Computer”, SIAM Journal on Computing 26 (5): 1484–1509, arXiv:quant-ph/9508027, doi:10.1137/S0097539795293172, ISSN 1095-7111  ^ Vardi, Moshe Y.; Wolper, Pierre (1994), “Reasoning about infinite computations”, Information and Computation 115 (1): 1–37, doi:10.1006/inco.1994.1092, ISSN 0890-5401, https://doi.org/10.1006/inco.1994.1092  ^ Feige, Uriel; Goldwasser, Shafi; Lovász, Laszlo; Safra, Shmuel; Szegedy, Mario (1996), “Interactive proofs and the hardness of approximating cliques”, Journal of the ACM 43 (2): 268–292, doi:10.1145/226643.226652, ISSN 0004-5411, http://groups.csail.mit.edu/cis/pubs/shafi/1996-jacm.pdf  ^ Arora, Sanjeev; Safra, Shmuel (1998), “Probabilistic checking of proofs: a new characterization of NP”, Journal of the ACM 45 (1): 70–122, doi:10.1145/273865.273901, ISSN 0004-5411, https://doi.org/10.1145/273865.273901  ^ Arora, Sanjeev; Lund, Carsten; Motwani, Rajeev; Sudan, Madhu; Szegedy, Mario (1998), “Proof verification and the hardness of approximation problems”, Journal of the ACM 45 (3): 501–555, doi:10.1145/278298.278306, ISSN 0004-5411, https://doi.org/10.1145/278298.278306  ^ Sénizergues, Géraud (2001), “L(A) = L(B)? decidability results from complete formal systems”, Theor. Comput. Sci. 251 (1): 1–166, doi:10.1016/S0304-3975(00)00285-1, ISSN 0304-3975  ^ Freund, Y.; Schapire, R.E. (1997), “A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting”, Journal of Computer and System Sciences 55 (1): 119–139, doi:10.1006/jcss.1997.1504, ISSN 1090-2724, http://www-ai.cs.tu-dortmund.de/LEHRE/PG/PG445/literatur/freund_schapire_97a.pdf  ^ Herlihy, Maurice; Shavit, Nir (1999), “The topological structure of asynchronous computability”, Journal of the ACM 46 (6): 858–923, doi:10.1145/331524.331529, http://www.cs.brown.edu/~mph/HerlihyS99/p858-herlihy.pdf . Gödel prize lecture ^ Saks, Michael; Zaharoglou, Fotios (2000), “Wait-free k-set agreement is impossible: The topology of public knowledge”, SIAM Journal on Computing 29 (5): 1449–1483, doi:10.1137/S0097539796307698  ^ Alon, Noga; Matias, Yossi; Szegedy, Mario (1999), “The space complexity of approximating the frequency moments”, Journal of Computer and System Sciences 58 (1): 137–147, doi:10.1006/jcss.1997.1545, http://www.math.tau.ac.il/~noga/PDFS/amsz4.pdf . First presented at the Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC) in 1996. ^ Agrawal, M.; Kayal, N.; Saxena, N. (2004), “PRIMES is in P”, Annals of Mathematics 160 (2): 781–793, doi:10.4007/annals.2004.160.781, ISSN 0003-486X, https://doi.org/10.4007/annals.2004.160.781  ^ Razborov, Alexander A.; Rudich, Steven (1997), “Natural proofs”, Journal of Computer and System Sciences 55 (1): 24–35, doi:10.1006/jcss.1997.1494, ISSN 0022-0000  ^ Spielman, Daniel A.; Teng, Shang-Hua (2004), “Smoothed analysis of algorithms: Why the simplex algorithm usually takes polynomial time”, J. ACM 51 (3): 385–463, arXiv:math/0212413, doi:10.1145/990308.990310, ISSN 0004-5411  ^ Reingold, Omer; Vadhan, Salil; Wigderson, Avi (2002), “Entropy waves, the zig-zag graph product, and new constant-degree expanders”, Annals of Mathematics 155 (1): 157–187, doi:10.2307/3062153, ISSN 0003-486X, JSTOR 3062153, MR1888797, https://jstor.org/stable/3062153  ^ Reingold, Omer (2008), “Undirected connectivity in log-space”, J. ACM 55 (4): 1–24, doi:10.1145/1391289.1391291, ISSN 0004-5411  ^ Arora, Sanjeev (1998), “Polynomial time approximation schemes for Euclidean traveling salesman and other geometric problems”, Journal of the ACM 45 (5): 753–782, doi:10.1145/290179.290180, ISSN 0004-5411  ^ Mitchell, Joseph S. B. (1999), “Guillotine Subdivisions Approximate Polygonal Subdivisions: A Simple Polynomial-Time Approximation Scheme for Geometric TSP, k-MST, and Related Problems”, SIAM Journal on Computing 28 (4): 1298–1309, doi:10.1137/S0097539796309764, ISSN 1095-7111  ^ Håstad, Johan (2001), “Some optimal inapproximability results”, Journal of the ACM 48 (4): 798–859, doi:10.1145/502090.502098, ISSN 0004-5411, http://www.nada.kth.se/~johanh/optimalinap.pdf  ^ Koutsoupias, Elias; Papadimitriou, Christos (2009). “Worst-case equilibria”. Computer Science Review 3 (2): 65–69. doi:10.1016/j.cosrev.2009.04.003.  ^ Roughgarden, Tim; Tardos, Éva (2002). “How bad is selfish routing?”. Journal of the ACM 49 (2): 236–259. doi:10.1145/506147.506153.  ^ Nisan, Noam; Ronen, Amir (2001). “Algorithmic Mechanism Design”. Games and Economic Behavior 35 (1–2): 166–196. doi:10.1006/game.1999.0790.  ^ Boneh, Dan; Franklin, Matthew (2003). “Identity-based encryption from the Weil pairing”. SIAM Journal on Computing 32 (3): 586–615. doi:10.1137/S0097539701398521. MR2001745.  ^ Joux, Antoine (2004). “A one round protocol for tripartite Diffie-Hellman”. Journal of Cryptology 17 (4): 263–276. doi:10.1007/s00145-004-0312-y. MR2090557.  ^ Fagin, Ronald; Lotem, Amnon; Naor, Moni (2003). “Optimal aggregation algorithms for middleware”. Journal of Computer and System Sciences 66 (4): 614–656. arXiv:cs/0204046. doi:10.1016/S0022-0000(03)00026-6.  ^ Spielman, Daniel A.; Teng, Shang-Hua (2011). “Spectral Sparsification of Graphs”. SIAM Journal on Computing 40 (4): 981–1025. arXiv:0808.4134. doi:10.1137/08074489X. ISSN 0097-5397.  ^ Spielman, Daniel A.; Teng, Shang-Hua (2013). “A Local Clustering Algorithm for Massive Graphs and Its Application to Nearly Linear Time Graph Partitioning”. SIAM Journal on Computing 42 (1): 1–26. arXiv:0809.3232. doi:10.1137/080744888. ISSN 0097-5397.  ^ Spielman, Daniel A.; Teng, Shang-Hua (2014). “Nearly Linear Time Algorithms for Preconditioning and Solving Symmetric, Diagonally Dominant Linear Systems”. SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications 35 (3): 835–885. arXiv:cs/0607105. doi:10.1137/090771430. ISSN 0895-4798.  ^ Brookes, Stephen (2007). “A Semantics for Concurrent Separation Logic”. Theoretical Computer Science 375 (1–3): 227–270. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2006.12.034. https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~brookes/papers/seplogicrevisedfinal.pdf.  ^ O'Hearn, Peter (2007). “Resources, Concurrency and Local Reasoning”. Theoretical Computer Science 375 (1–3): 271–307. doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2006.12.035. http://www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/p.ohearn/papers/concurrency.pdf.  ^ Dwork, Cynthia; McSherry, Frank; Nissim, Kobbi; Smith, Adam (2006). Halevi, Shai; Rabin, Tal (eds.). Calibrating Noise to Sensitivity in Private Data Analysis. Theory of Cryptography (TCC). Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 3876. Springer-Verlag. pp. 265–284. doi:10.1007/11681878_14. ISBN 978-3-540-32731-8。 ^ Regev, Oded (2009). “On lattices, learning with errors, random linear codes, and cryptography”. Journal of the ACM 56 (6): 1–40. doi:10.1145/1568318.1568324.  ^ Dinur, Irit (2007). “The PCP theorem by gap amplification”. Journal of the ACM 54 (3): 12–es. doi:10.1145/1236457.1236459. https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1236459.  ^ “A constructive proof of the general Lovász Local Lemma”. Journal of the ACM 57 (2). (2010). doi:10.1145/1667053. ISSN 00045411.  ^ Bulatov, Andrei A. (2013). “The complexity of the counting constraint satisfaction problem”. Journal of the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)) 60 (5): 1-41. doi:10.1145/2528400. ISSN 0004-5411.  ^ Dyer, Martin; Richerby, David (2013). “An Effective Dichotomy for the Counting Constraint Satisfaction Problem”. SIAM Journal on Computing (Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics (SIAM)) 42 (3): 1245-1274. arXiv:1003.3879. doi:10.1137/100811258. ISSN 0097-5397.  ^ Cai, Jin-Yi; Chen, Xi (2017-06-22). “Complexity of Counting CSP with Complex Weights”. Journal of the ACM (Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)) 64 (3): 1-39. arXiv:1111.2384. doi:10.1145/2822891. ISSN 0004-5411.  ^ Brakerski, Zvika; Vaikuntanathan, Vinod (January 2014). “Efficient Fully Homomorphic Encryption from (Standard) $\mathsf{LWE}$”. SIAM Journal on Computing 43 (2): 831-871. doi:10.1137/120868669. ISSN 0097-5397. https://doi.org/10.1137/120868669.  ^ Brakerski, Zvika; Gentry, Craig; Vaikuntanathan, Vinod (2012). “(Leveled) fully homomorphic encryption without bootstrapping”. Proceedings of the 3rd Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference on - ITCS '12 (New York, New York, USA: ACM Press). doi:10.1145/2090236.2090262. https://doi.org/10.1145/2090236.2090262.  ^ “Three Papers Cited for Laying Foundation of Growth in Algorithmic Game Theory”. (16 May 2012). オリジナルの18 July 2013時点におけるアーカイブ。. https://web.archive.org/web/20130718154540/http://www.acm.org/press-room/news-releases/2012/goedel-prize-2012 16 May 2012閲覧。  ^ ACM Group Presents Gödel Prize for Advances in Cryptography: Three Computer Scientists Cited for Innovations that Improve Security Archived 2013-06-01 at the Wayback Machine., Association for Computing Machinery, May 29, 2013. ^ Recipients Achieved Groundbreaking Results for Aggregating Data from Multiple Sources, Association for Computing Machinery, April 30, 2014. ^ 2015 Gödel Prize announcement Archived 2017-12-09 at the Wayback Machine. by Association for Computing Machinery. ^ “2017 Gödel Prize”. European Association for Theoretical Computer Science. EATCS. 29 March 2017閲覧。 ^ “2018 Gödel Prize citation”. 2020年9月5日閲覧。 ^ “2019 Gödel Prize citation”. 2020年9月5日閲覧。 ^ “2020 Gödel Prize citation”. 2020年9月5日閲覧。 ^ “2021 Gödel Prize citation”. 2022年8月14日閲覧。 ^ “2022 Gödel Prize citation”. 2022年8月14日閲覧。