GSK-3β

GSK-3βまたはGSK3B（英: glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta）は、ヒトではGSK3B遺伝子にコードされる酵素（プロテインキナーゼ）である。GSK-3βの調節や発現の異常は、双極性障害の感受性の増大と関係している。 GSK-3は、グリコーゲンシンターゼをリン酸化して不活性化する因子として同定された、プロリン指向性セリン/スレオニンキナーゼである。2種類のアイソザイムGSK-3α（英語版）とGSK-3βのアミノ酸配列は高度な相同性を示す。GSK-3βはエネルギー代謝、神経細胞の発生やパターン形成に関与している。 マウスでのGsk3b遺伝子座のホモ接合型破壊は、妊娠中期での致死となる。この致死表現型は、TNFの阻害によってレスキューされる。 ヒトのGSK3B遺伝子の2つのSNP、rs334558（-50T/C）とrs3755557（-1727A/T）は、双極性障害におけるリチウム治療の有効性と関係している。 結節性硬化症モデルでは、TSC2の喪失によって引き起こされたGSK-3βの活性やタンパク質合成の変化は、ERK1/2の薬理的阻害によって回復することが示されている。 GSK-3βは次に挙げる因子と相互作用することが示されている。 AKAP11（英語版） AXIN1 AXIN2 AR CTNNB1 DNM1L（英語版） KIAA1211L（英語版） MACF1（英語版） MUC1（英語版） SMAD3 NOTCH1（英語版） NOTCH2（英語版） P53 PRKAR2A（英語版） SGK3（英語版） TSC2 ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000082701 - Ensembl, May 2017 ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022812 - Ensembl, May 2017 ^ Human PubMed Reference: ^ Mouse PubMed Reference: ^ a b “Mitogen inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta in intact cells via serine 9 phosphorylation”. 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