Aafrika koloniseerimine

Aafrika koloniseerimine sai, olenevalt kolonisatsiooni definitsioonist, alguse kas vana-, kesk- või uusajal. Aafrikasse asutasid oma kolooniad nii vanad kreeklased, roomlased kui araablased, aga olenevalt definitsioonist ka malaid. Mõned nendest kolooniatest pidasid vastu sadu aastaid. Tänapäeval peetakse Aafrika koloniseerimisest rääkides silmas peamiselt eurooplaste uusimperialismi ja Aafrika jagamist (1884–1914) ning teisele maailmasõjale järgnenud järkjärgulist dekolonisatsiooni. Uusaegse Aafrika koloniseerimisega olid seotud peamiselt Suurbritannia, Prantsusmaa, Saksamaa, Portugal, Hispaania ja Itaalia. Peaaegu kõikides Aafrika riikides on tänapäeval ametlikuks keeleks mõne lähiminevikus maad koloniseerinud riigi keel, kuid enamik inimestest räägib kohalikus keeles. Aafrika majandusajalugu Neokolonialism Kolmas Maailm Bensoussan, David (2012). Il était une fois le Maroc - Témoignages du passé judéo-marocain (2nd ed.). iUniverse. ISBN 978-1-4759-2609-5. Boardman, John (1973) [1964]. The Greeks Overseas. Harmondsworth: Penguin. Brown, Stephanie Terreni (2. jaanuar 2014). "Planning Kampala: histories of sanitary intervention and in/formal spaces". Critical African Studies. 6 (1): 71–90. DOI:10.1080/21681392.2014.871841. ISSN 2168-1392. S2CID 220331354. Clay, Dean (2016). "Transatlantic Dimensions of the Congo Reform Movement, 1904–1908". English Studies in Africa. 59: 18–28. DOI:10.1080/00138398.2016.1173274. S2CID 148204694. Clayton, Daniel (2003). "Chapter 18: Critical Imperial and Colonial Geographies". Anderson, Kay; Domosh, Mona; Pile, Steve; Thrift, Nigel (toim-d). Handbook of Cultural Geography. Sage London. Lk 354–368. ISBN 9780761969259. Copans, Jean (1998). "Review of Citizen and Subject". Transformation. 36: 102–105. Ferguson, Niall (2003). Empire: How Britain Made the Modern World. London: Allen Lane. ISBN 978-0-7139-9615-9. Harden, Donald (1971) [1962]. The Phoenicians. Harmondsworth: Penguin. Khapoya, Vincent B. (1998) [1994]. The African Experience (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0137458523. Lovejoy, Paul E. (2012). Transformations of Slavery: a History of Slavery in Africa (3rd ed.). London: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521176187. Mamdani, Mahmood (1996). Citizen and subject : contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism. Kampala: Fountain Publishers. ISBN 9780852553992. OCLC 35445018. Mbembe, Achille (1992). "Provisional Notes on the Postcolony". Africa: Journal of the International African Institute. 62 (1): 3–37. DOI:10.2307/1160062. JSTOR 1160062. S2CID 145451482. Rodney, Walter (1972). How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. London: Bogle-L'Ouverture. ISBN 978-0-9501546-4-0. Scullard, H. H. (1976) [1959]. From the Gracchi to Nero. London: Methuen and Co. Shepperson, George (1985). "The Centennial of the West African Conference of Berlin, 1884-1885". Phylon. 4: 37–48. DOI:10.2307/274944. JSTOR 274944. Shillington, Kevin (1995) [1989]. History of Africa (2nd ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 9780312125981. Terretta, Meredith (2002). "Review Work: On the Postcolony by Achille Mbembe". Canadian Journal of African Studies. 36 (1): 161–163. Crowther, Michael (1978) [1962]. The Story of Nigeria. London: Faber and Faber. Davidson, Basil (1966) [1964]. The African Past. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. Gann, Lewis H. Colonialism in Africa, 1870-1960 (1969) Online Harris, Norman Dwight (1914). Intervention and Colonization in Africa. Houghton Mifflin. Hoskins, H.L. European imperialism in Africa (1967) online Michalopoulos, Stelios; Papaioannou, Elias (2020-03-01). "Historical Legacies and African Development." Journal of Economic Literature. 58 (1): 53–128. Miers, Suzanne; Klein, Martin A. (1998). Slavery and Colonial Rule in Africa (Slave and Post-Slave Societies and Cultures). Routledge. ISBN 9780714644363. Nabudere, D. Wadada. Imperialism in East Africa (2 vol 1981) online Olson, James S., ed. Historical Dictionary of the British Empire (1996) Online Olson, James S., ed. Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism (1991) online Pakenham, Thomas (1992). The Scramble for Africa: the White Man's Conquest of the Dark Continent from 1876 to 1912 (13th ed.). London: Abacus. ISBN 978-0-349-10449-2. Phillips, Anne. The enigma of colonialism : British policy in West Africa (1989) Online Economic Impact of Colonialism Germany Refuses to Apologize for Herero Holocaust – from Africana.com Andre Osborn, "Belgium exhumes its colonial demons", The Guardian, 12 July 2002