Wormsi konkordaat

Mitte segi ajada Wormsi sinodiga (1076) ega Wormsi riigipäevaga. Wormsi konkordaat oli leping katoliku kiriku ja Saksa-Rooma Riigi vahel, millega lepiti kokku piiskoppide ja abtide nimetamise kord. Konkordaadi allkirjastasid 23. septembril 1122 Wormsis (tänapäeva Saksamaal) paavst Calixtus II ja keiser Heinrich V ning sellega lõppes 11. sajandi keskpaigast väldanud investituuritüli ehk riigi ja kiriku vaheline konflikt vaimulike ametisse nimetamise üle. Wormsi konkordaadi allkirjastamisega loobus Heinrich V õigusest pühitseda piiskoppe ja abte sõrmuse ja piiskopisauaga ametisse ning edaspidi hakkas nende nimetamisel kehtima kirikuõigus. Callixtus andis omalt poolt keisrile ja tema ametnikele õiguse viibida valimistel kohal ning vaidlustatud tulemuste korral sekkuda. Keisrile jäi õigus korraldada piiskoppidele ja abtidele eraldi tseremoonia, kus keiser esindas vaimulikele antavat maad. Anderson, C. C. (2016). "Reforming Priests and the Diverse Rhetorics of Ordination and Office from 1123–1418". Peters, G.; Anderson, C. C. (toim-d). A Companion to Priesthood and Holy Orders in the Middle Ages. Brill's Companions to the Christian Tradition. Kd 62. Leiden: Brill. Lk 281–305. ISBN 978-90-04-30586-1. Benson, R. L. (1968). The Bishop-elect: A Study in Medieval Ecclesiastical Office. Princeton: Princeton University Press. OCLC 462721312. Bettenson, H., toim (1973). Documents of the Christian Church (repr. ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19501-293-4. Blumenthal, Uta-Renate (1991). The Investiture Controversy: Church and Monarchy from the Ninth to the Twelfth Century. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-0016-4. Cantor, N. F. (1958). Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture in England: 1089-1135. Princeton: Princeton University Press. OCLC 459662873. Ehler, S. Z.; Morrall, J. B. (1967). Church and State Through the Centuries: A Collection of Historic Documents with Commentaries. New York: Biblo & Tannen. OCLC 1073236. Fliche, A. (1946). La Réforme Grégorienne et la Reconquête Chrétienne, 1057-1123 (prantsuse). Paris: Bloud & Gay. OCLC 222652. Fuhrmann, H. (1986). Germany in the High Middle Ages: C.1050-1200. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-31980-5. Hicks, S. B. (1973). "The Investiture Controversy of the Middle Ages, 1075-1122: Agreement and Disagreement Among Historians". Journal of Church and State. 15: 5–20. DOI:10.1093/jcs/15.1.5. OCLC 60673268. Hoffmann, H. (1959). "Ivo von Chartres und die Losung des Investiturproblems". Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters (saksa). 15: 393–440. OCLC 633203688. Huffman, J. P. (2000). The Social Politics of Medieval Diplomacy: Anglo-German Relations, 1066-1307. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-47202-418-6. Jordan, W. C. (2003). Europe in the High Middle Ages. New York City: Viking Press. ISBN 978-0-14-016664-4. McCarthy, T. J. H., toim (2013). Chronicles of the Investiture Contest: Frutolf of Michelsberg and his Continuators. Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-1-52611-286-6. Melve, L. (2007). Inventing the Public Sphere: The Public Debate during the Investiture Contest, c. 1030–1122. Kd I. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-9-04742-275-4. Mesquita, B. B. de (2002). Predicting Politics. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8142-0898-4. Morris, C. (1989). The Papal Monarchy: The Western Church from 1050 to 1250. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19826-907-6. Morrison, K. F. (1969). Tradition and Authority in the Western Church, 300-1140. Princeton: Princeton University Press. OCLC 807367240. O'Malley, J. W. (2011). A History of the Popes: From Peter to the Present. London: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-58051-228-2. Robinson, I. S. (1990). The Papacy, 1073-1198: Continuity and Innovation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-52131-922-5. Robinson, I. S. (2004). "The Papacy, 1122-1198". McKitterick, R.; Fouracre, P.; Luscombe, D.; Reuter, T.; Abulafia, D.; Riley-Smith, J.; Allmand, C. T.; Jones, M. (toim-d). The New Cambridge Medieval History. Kd IV, C.1024–c.1198, Part 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lk 317–383. ISBN 978-0-52141-411-1. Robert, Ulysse (1979). Bullaire du Pape Calixte II (ladina). Georg Olms Verlag. ISBN 978-3-487-41092-0. Stroll, M. (1991). Symbols As Power: The Papacy Following the Investiture Contest. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-9-00409-374-4. Stroll, Mary (2004). Callixtus II (1119-1124): A Pope Born to Rule. Leiden: Brill Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-13987-9. Tellenbach, Gerd (1993). The Church in Western Europe from the Tenth to the Early Twelfth Century (inglise). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-43711-0. Walter, C. (1993). Prayer and Power in Byzantine and Papal Imagery. Aldershot: Variorum. ISBN 978-0-86078-363-3.