1961. aasta Berliini kriis

1961. aasta Berliini kriis (saksa keeles Berlin-Krise) oli poliit-sõjaväeline kriis, mis leidis aset 4. juunist 9. novembrini 1961. Tegu oli külma sõja viimase suurema Berliini ja teise maailmasõja järgset Saksamaad puudutava vahejuhtumiga. Berliini kriis algas, kui Nõukogude Liit seadis kõikide sõjavägede Berliinist väljaviimiseks ultimaatumi. Selle alla kuulusid ka lääneriikide väed Lääne-Berliinis. Kriis kulmineerus Berliini lõhenemisega, kuna Ida-Saksamaa ehitas linna Berliini müüri. Kriisi ajal toimus Moskvas NLKP 22. kongress, mis oli viimane, kus osales ka Hiina Kommunistlik Partei. 1958.–1959. aasta Berliini kriis Põgenemiskatsed ja hukkunud Saksamaade vahelisel piiril Sakslaste põgenemised ja väljasaatmised (1944–1950) Republikflucht Berliini ajalugu Nikita Hruštšov Dwight D. Eisenhoweri presidentuur John F. Kennedy presidentuur Barker, Elisabeth. “The Berlin Crisis 1958–1962.” International Affairs 39#1 (1963), pp. 59–73. online. Beschloss, Michael. The Crisis Years: Kennedy and Khrushchev, 1960–1963 (1991) online Carmichael, Neil. "A Brief History of the Berlin Crisis of 1961" (US National Archives,. 2011); short essay;; not copyright Daum, Andreas (2008). Kennedy in Berlin. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-85824-3. Durie, William (2012). The British Garrison Berlin 1945 - 1994: nowhere to go ... a pictorial historiography of the British Military occupation / presence in Berlin (English). Berlin: Vergangenheitsverlag (de). ISBN 978-3-86408-068-5. OCLC 978161722.{{cite book}}: CS1 hooldus: tundmatu keel (link) Dowty, Alan (1989), Closed Borders: The Contemporary Assault on Freedom of Movement, Yale UP, ISBN 0-300-04498-4 Freedman, Lawrence. Kennedy's Wars: Berlin, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam (Oxford UP, 2000) pp 45–120. online Gearson, John PS, and Kori N. Schake, eds. The Berlin Wall Crisis: Perspectives on Cold War Alliances (Palgrave Macmillan, 2002). Harrison, Hope Millard (2003), Driving the Soviets Up the Wall: Soviet-East German Relations, 1953–1961, Princeton University Press, ISBN 0-691-09678-3 Kempe, Frederick (2011), Berlin 1961, Penguin Group (USA), ISBN 978-0-399-15729-5 Loescher, Gil (2001), The UNHCR and World Politics: A Perilous Path, Oxford UP, ISBN 0-19-829716-5 Lunak, Petr. "Khrushchev and the Berlin Crisis: Soviet brinkmanship seen from inside." Cold War History 3.2 (2003): 53–82. McAdams, James (1993), Germany Divided: From Wall to Reunification, Princeton UP, ISBN 0-691-07892-0 Newman, Kitty. Macmillan, Khrushchev and the Berlin Crisis, 1958-1960 (Routledge, 2007). Pearson, Raymond (1998), The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Empire, Macmillan, ISBN 0-312-17407-1 Rasmussen, Kasper Grotle. "In search of a negotiated settlement: McGeorge Bundy and the 1961 Berlin crisis." Journal of Transatlantic Studies 14.1 (2016): 47–64. Schick, Jack M. The Berlin crisis, 1958-1962 (1971) online Sergunin, Alexander. "The role of the Executive Office of the President in the US decision-making on the Berlin crisis of 1961." Americana 15 (2017): 64–95. Slusser, Robert M. The Berlin Crisis of 1961: Soviet-American Relations and the Struggle for Power in the Kremlin, June–November, 1961 (Johns Hopkins UP, 1973) excerpt Smith, Jean Edward. The defense of Berlin (1963). Taubman, William. Khrushchev: The Man and his Era (WW Norton & Company, 2003). pp 480–506.online Thackeray, Frank W. (2004), Events that changed Germany, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 0-313-32814-5 Tompson, William. Khrushchev: A political life (Springer, 2016). online Trachtenberg, Marc. A Constructed Peace: The Making of the European Settlement 1945‒1963 (Princeton UP, 1999) pp. 283–402. excerpt Voorhees, Theodore. The Silent Guns of Two Octobers: Kennedy and Khrushchev Play the Double Game (U of Michigan Press, 2020). Windsor, Philip. "The Berlin Crises" History Today (June 1962) Vol. 6, p375-384, summarizes the series of crises 1946 to 1961; online. The Wall, 1958–1963 Forty Years Crisis First strike options and the Berlin Crisis Khrushchev’s Secret Speech on the Berlin Crisis, August 1961 Conference: "From Vienna to Checkpoint Charlie: The Berlin Crisis of 1961"