番紅花屬

番紅花屬（又称藏紅花）是鳶尾科的一个属，是一类多年生球根植物。原產於欧洲爱琴海岸及小亞細亞至中亞。花叶细长而状似松树叶子。全世界共有约80种番红花。 藏紅花精的来源为番红花（C. sativus）的干燥柱头，可入药。 本属包括以下物种： Crocus abantensis T.Baytop & B.Mathew Crocus abracteolus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus adami J.Gay Crocus adamioides Kernd. & Pasche Crocus adanensis T.Baytop & B.Mathew Crocus aerius Herb. Crocus akdagensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus akkayaensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus alatavicus Regel & Semen. Crocus albocoronatus (Kernd.) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus aleppicus Baker Crocus alexandri Nicic ex Velen. Crocus almehensis C.D.Brickell & B.Mathew 黃金堆番紅花 Crocus ancyrensis (Herb.) Maw Crocus angustifolius Weston Crocus angustifolius x flavus Crocus annulatus Herb., 1841 Crocus antalyensioides Ruksans Crocus antalyensis B.Mathew Crocus antherotes Kernd. & Pasche Crocus archibaldiorum (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus arizelus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus armeniensis Ruksans Crocus artvinensis (J.Philippow) Grossh. Crocus asumaniae B.Mathew & T.Baytop Crocus asymmetricus Erol, 2020 Crocus athous Bornm. Crocus atrospermus (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd. & Pasche Crocus atticus (Boiss. & Orph.) Orph. Crocus autranii Albov Crocus autumnalis Ker Gawl., 1827 Crocus autumnalis Mill. Crocus autumnalis Vis. ex Steud., 1840 Crocus babadagensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus balansae J.Gay ex Maw 羅馬尼亞番紅花 Crocus banaticus J.Gay 藍綠番紅花 Crocus baytopiorum B.Mathew Crocus berytius Kernd. & Pasche Crocus beydaglarensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus bifloriformis Kernd. & Pasche 雙花番紅花 Crocus biflorus Mill. Crocus biflorus x Crocus chrysanthus Crocus boissieri Maw Crocus bolensis (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014 希臘番紅花 Crocus boryi J.Gay Crocus boulosii Greuter Crocus bowlesianus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus brachyfilus I.Schneid. Crocus brickellii Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus bulbocodium Pall., 1808 Crocus caelestis (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus calanthus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus cambessedesii J.Gay Crocus cambessedianus Herb., 1845 Crocus cancellatus Herb. Crocus candidus E.D.Clarke Crocus cappadocicus (B.Mathew) Ruksans Crocus caricus (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus carpetanus Boiss. & Reut. 卡萊番紅花 Crocus cartwrightianus Herb. Crocus caspius Fisch. & C.A.Mey. Crocus caspius Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Hohen. 黃金番紅花 Crocus chrysanthus (Herb.) Herb. Crocus clusii J.Gay Crocus coloreus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus concinnus Kernd. & Pasche 科西加番紅花 Crocus corsicus Vanucchi ex Maw, 1878 Crocus crestensis Nyman, 1882 Crocus crewei Hook.f. Crocus cristensis Eugène 南斯拉夫番紅花 Crocus cvijicii Kosanin Crocus cyprius Boiss. & Kotschy 達馬希亞番紅花 Crocus dalmaticus Vis. Crocus damascenus Herb. Crocus danfordiae Maw Crocus danubensis Kernd., Pasche, Randjel. & V.Randjel. Crocus demirizianus Erol & Can Crocus dilekyarensis Ruksans Crocus dispathaceus Bowles Crocus dubius E.H.L.Krause Crocus duncanii Ruksans Crocus duplex Weston 義大利番紅花 Crocus etruscus Parl. Crocus fatuus Medik. Crocus fauseri Kernd. & Pasche Crocus fibroannulatus (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus filis-maculatis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus flavus Haw., 1812 Crocus flavus Weston Crocus fleischeri J.Gay 橙黃番紅花 Crocus gargaricus Herb. Crocus geghartii Sosn. Crocus gembosii Ruksans Crocus georgei Ruksans Crocus gilanicus B.Mathew 多芽番紅花 Crocus goulimyi Turrill Crocus grandiflorus Raf. Crocus graveolens Boiss. & Reut. Crocus gunae Ruksans Crocus guneri (Yüzb.) Ruksans 網皮番紅花 Crocus hadriaticus Herb. Crocus hakkariensis (B.Mathew) Ruksans Crocus hartmannianus Holmboe Crocus harveyi Ruksans Crocus hatayensis Ruksans Crocus haussknechtii (Boiss. & Reut. ex Maw) Boiss. Crocus heilbronniorum Erol Crocus hellenicus (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus henrikii Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus hermoneus Kotschy ex Maw Crocus heuffelianus Herb. Crocus hittiticus T.Baytop & B.Mathew Crocus hyemalis Boiss. & Blanche Crocus ibrahimii (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus ilgazensis (B.Mathew) Ruksans Crocus ilvensis Peruzzi & Carta 傑格番紅花 Crocus imperati Colla Crocus imperati Ten. Crocus incognitus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus incompletus J.A.Richt. Crocus inghamii Ruksans Crocus ionopharynx (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus iranicus Ruksans Crocus isauricus Siehe ex Bowles Crocus istanbulensis (B.Mathew) Ruksans Crocus jablanicensis Randjel. & V.Randjel. Crocus janthinus Weston Crocus kangalensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus karamanensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus karduchorum Kotschy ex Boiss., 1882 Crocus karduchorum Kotschy ex Maw Crocus kartaldagensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus katrancensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus keltepensis Yüzb. Crocus kerndorffiorum Pasche Crocus kofudagensis Ruksans Crocus korolkowii Maw & Regel Crocus kosaninii Pulevic 黎巴嫩番紅花 Crocus kotschyanus Boiss., 1882 Crocus kotschyanus K.Koch Crocus kurdistanicus (Maroofi & Assadi) Rukšāns, 2014 光皮番紅花 Crocus laevigatus Bory & Chaub. Crocus laevigatus Spruner ex Nyman, 1882 Crocus lagenaeflorus Salisb. Crocus lazicus Boiss. Crocus leichtlinii (Dewer) Bowles Crocus leucostylosus (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus ligusticus Mariotti 香番紅花 Crocus longiflorus Raf. Crocus longiflorus Rchb., 1832 Crocus lyciotauricus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus lycius (B.Mathew) Ruksans Crocus lydius Kernd. & Pasche Crocus macedonicus Rukšāns, 2013 Crocus malatyensis Kernd. & Pasche 雪白番紅花 Crocus malyi Vis. Crocus marasensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus mathewii Kernd. & Pasche Crocus mawii Kernd. & Pasche Crocus mazziaricus Herb. Crocus mediotauricus Kernd. & Pasche 法國番紅花 Crocus medius Crocus melantherus Boiss. & Orph. ex Maw Crocus mersinensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus michelsonii B.Fedtsch. Crocus micranthus Boiss. 小番紅花 Crocus minimus DC. Crocus minimus Redouté Crocus minutus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus moabiticus Bornm. Crocus mouradi Whittall Crocus muglaensis Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus multicostatus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus munzurense Kernd. & Pasche Crocus musagecitii Erol & Yildirim Crocus mysius Kernd. & Pasche Crocus naqabensis Al-Eisawi & Kiswani Crocus neapolitanus (Ker Gawl.) Loisel. Crocus neglectus Peruzzi & Carta Crocus nerimaniae Yüzb. Crocus nevadensis Amo & Campo Crocus nivalis Bory & Chaub. Crocus niveus Bowles Crocus novicii V.Randjel. & Miljkovic Crocus nubigena Herb. 走莖番紅花 Crocus nudiflorus Sm. 乳黃番紅花 Crocus ochroleucus Boiss. & Gaill. Crocus officinalis Beck Crocus olivieri J.Gay Crocus oreocreticus B.L.Burtt Crocus oreogenus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus orphei Karampl. & Constantin. Crocus pallasii Goldb. Crocus pamphylicus (B.Mathew) Ruksans Crocus paschei Kernd. Crocus pelistericus Pulevic Crocus pelitensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus penicillatus Steud., 1840 Crocus persicus Hausskn. Crocus pestalozzae Boiss. Crocus polyanthus Weston Crocus ponticus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus pseudonubigena (B.Mathew) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke 可愛番紅花 Crocus pulchellus Herb. Crocus pulchricolor (Herb.) Herb. ex Tchich. Crocus pumilus (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus punctatus (B.Mathew) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus puringii Ruksans Crocus randjeloviciorum Kernd., Pasche, Harpke & Raca Crocus rechingeri Kernd. & Pasche Crocus reinhardii Ruksans Crocus reticulatus Steven ex Adam Crocus rhodensis Ruksans Crocus robertianus C.D.Brickell Crocus romuleoides Kernd. & Pasche Crocus roseoviolaceus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus rujanensis Randjel. & D.A.Hill Crocus ruksansii Zubov Crocus sakaltutanensis Ruksans Crocus sakariensis (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus salurdagensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus salzmannii J.Gay Crocus sanandajensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus sarichinarensis (Rukšāns) Rukšāns, 2017 Crocus sativus Biv. ex Steud., 1840 番红花 Crocus sativus L. Crocus sativus Mill., 1768 Crocus sativus Ten. Crocus scardicus Kosanin Crocus scharojanii Rupr. Crocus schneideri Kernd. & Pasche Crocus seisumsiana Ruksans Crocus serotinus Bert. Crocus siculus Tineo Crocus siculus Tineo ex Guss., 1832 西柏番紅花 Crocus sieberi J.Gay Crocus sieheanus Barr ex B.L.Burtt Crocus simavensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus sipyleus (F.Candan & Özhatay) Ruksans Crocus sivasensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus sozenii Ruksans 美麗番紅花 Crocus speciosus Griseb., 1846 Crocus speciosus M.Bieb. Crocus speciosus Rochel Crocus stevensii Ruksans Crocus straussii Hausskn. Crocus striatulus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus stridii Papan. & Zacharof Crocus suaveolens Bertol. Crocus susianus Hayne ex Steud., 1840 Crocus suwarowianus K.Koch, 1848 Crocus suworowianus K.Koch Crocus tahtaliensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus taseliensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus tauri Maw Crocus tauricus (Trautv.) Puring Crocus terzioghlui Erol Crocus thirkeanus K.Koch Crocus thomasii Ten. Crocus thracicus Yüzb. & Aslan 托氏番紅花 Crocus tommasinianus Herb. Crocus tournefortii J.Gay Crocus tuna-ekimii Yüzb. Crocus turcicus (B.Mathew) Ruksans Crocus uschakensis Rukšāns, 2014 Crocus vaclavii Rukšāns, 2013 Crocus vallecola Herb., 1845 Crocus vallicola Herb. Crocus variegatus Hoppe & Hornsch. Crocus veluchensis Herb. Crocus veneris Tapp. ex Poech 春番紅花 Crocus vernus (L.) Hill,荷蘭番紅花 Crocus versicolor Barcelo, 1881 Crocus versicolor KerGawl. Crocus vitellinus Wahlenb. Crocus wattiorum (B.Mathew) B.Mathew Crocus weldenii Hoppe & Fürnr. Crocus xantholaimos (B.Mathew) Ruksans Crocus xanthosus Kernd. & Pasche Crocus yakarianus Yildirim & Erol Crocus yalovensis Ruksans Crocus yaseminiae Erol Crocus yataganensis (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke Crocus youngiorum Ruksans & Zetterl. Crocus zagrosensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus zanjanensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus zetterlundii Ruksans Crocus ziyaretensis Kernd. & Pasche Crocus zonatus J.Gay, 1860 Crocus zubovii Ruksans 杂交种： Crocus ×asturicus Herb. Crocus ×fritschii Derganc Crocus ×gotoburgensis R.Rolfe Crocus ×helenae D.Dubovik Crocus ×hybridus Petrovic Crocus ×jessoppiae Bowles Crocus ×koritnicus Randjel. Crocus ×leonidii Rukšāns Crocus ×luteus Lam. Crocus ×nubigenoides Randjel. Crocus ×paulineae Pasche & Kerndorff Crocus ×petrovicii Randjel. Crocus ×submedius Collins Crocus L.. GBIF. [2023-07-16]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-27）.  Sırrı Yüzbaşıoğlu. 2019. Crocus keltepensis (Iridaceae): A New Crocus Species from the Highest Part of the Samanlı Mountains, NW Turkey. Phytotaxa. 418(2); 230–236. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.418.2.8