茶藨子科

茶藨（pāo）子科也叫醋栗科（Ribesiaceae），只有醋栗属（Ribes）一属，或叫茶藨子属，大约有150种，主要分布在北温带地区和南美西部温带地区。中国约45种，主要分布在西部和东北。 本科植物都是灌木，具针刺；单叶丛生，无托叶；花常退化为单性，总状花序或单花，花瓣4-5，小或鳞片状；果实为浆果，有的品种作为栽培植物果实可食用，有的品种可以作为观赏植物。 1981年的克朗奎斯特分类法将其分入蔷薇目，1998年根据基因亲缘关系分类的APG 分类法将其列入新设立的虎耳草目。 茶藨子属包括以下物种： Ribes acerifolium Howell Ribes achurjanii Mulk. 阿尔泰茶藨子 Ribes aciculare Sm. Ribes affine Kunth Ribes albifolium Ruiz & Pav. 长刺茶藨子 Ribes alpestre Wall. ex Decne. Ribes alpinum L. 高茶藨子 Ribes altissimum (Jancz.) Turcz.，为 Ribes petraeum Wulfen的异名 Ribes amarum McClatchie Ribes amazonica Weigend & E.Rodr. 四川蔓茶藨子 Ribes ambiguum Maxim. 美洲茶藨子 Ribes americanum Mill., 1768 Ribes anatolicum Behçet Ribes andicola Jancz. Ribes arcuatum Jancz. ex M.Vilm. & Bois Ribes armenum Pojark. 香茶藨子 Ribes aureum Pursh Ribes austroecuadorense Freire-Fierro Ribes benthamii hort. ex Lavallée, 1877 Ribes bicolor Phil. Ribes biebersteinii Berland. Ribes biebersteinii × petraeum Ribes binominatum A.Heller Ribes bogotanum Jancz. Ribes bolivianum Jancz. Ribes brachybotrya (Wedd.) Jancz. Ribes brachybotrys (Wedd.) Jancz. Ribes bracteosum Douglas ex Bong., 1832 Ribes brandegeei Eastw. 刺果茶藨子 Ribes burejense F.Schmidt Ribes caldasiense Weigend Ribes caldasiensis Weigend Ribes californicum Hook. & Arn. Ribes callibotrys Wendl. ex Steud., 1841 Ribes canescens Pittier Ribes canthariforme Wiggins Ribes catamarcanum Jancz. Ribes cereum Douglas Ribes ceriferum Coville & Rose Ribes chachapoyense Weigend & Breitkopf Ribes chihuahuense Britton Ribes ciliatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Roem. & Schult. Ribes colandina Weigend Ribes conspicuum Bosse Ribes contumazensis Weigend Ribes costaricensis Weigend Ribes cruentum Greene Ribes cucullatum Hook. & Arn. Ribes cuneifolium Ruiz & Pav. Ribes curvatum Small Ribes cynosbati L. 革叶茶藨子 Ribes davidii Franch. Ribes decumbens Ledeb. ex Steud. Ribes densiflorum Phil. 双刺茶藨子 Ribes diacanthum Pall. Ribes dikuscha Fisch. ex Turcz. Ribes dikuschka Fisch. ex Trautv. Ribes distans Jancz. ex Vilm. & Bois., 1904 Ribes divaricatum Douglas Ribes dubium Jancz. ex M.Vilm. & Bois Ribes dugesii Greenm. Ribes echinellum (Coville) Rehder 厄瓜多尔茶藨子 Ribes ecuadorense Jancz. Ribes elegans Jancz. Ribes erectum Freire-Fierro Ribes erythrocarpum Coville & Leiberg 花茶藨子 Ribes fargesii Franch. 簇花茶藨子 Ribes fasciculatum Siebold & Zucc. Ribes fedtschenkoi Blin. Ribes florissanti Knowlton, 1916 Ribes fontaneum Bochkarn. Ribes fontinale Britton 台湾茶藨子 Ribes formosanum Hayata Ribes fragrans Pall. 鄂西茶藨子 Ribes franchetii Jancz. Ribes frankei Weigend & Breitkopf 富士山茶藨子 Ribes fujisanense S.Sakag. & Mit.Oishi, 2022 Ribes furegense Fr. 富蕴茶藨子 Ribes fuyunense T.C.Ku & Konta 陕西茶藨子 Ribes giraldii Jancz. 光萼茶藨子 Ribes glabricalycinum L.T.Lu 光叶茶藨子 Ribes glabrifolium L.T.Lu Ribes glabrilolium L.T.Lu, 1993 冰川茶藨子 Ribes glaciale Wall. Ribes glandulosum Grauer Ribes glandulosum Weber Ribes gordonianum Beaton Ribes grande Rose Ribes graveolens Bunge 曲萼茶藨子 Ribes griffithii Hook.fil. & Thomson Ribes hartwegianum Jancz. 华中茶藨子 Ribes henryi Franch. 圆叶茶藨子 Ribes heterotrichum C.A.Mey. 糖茶藨子 Ribes himalense Royle ex Decne. Ribes hirtellum Michx. Ribes hirticaule J.F.Macbr. Ribes hirtum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Roem. & Schult. Ribes hodgesii hort. ex Lavallée, 1877 Ribes hogtoni hort. ex Lavallée, 1877 Ribes hookeri hort. ex Lavallée, 1877 密刺茶藨子 Ribes horridum Rupr. ex Maxim. Ribes huancabambense Weigend & Breitkopf Ribes hudsonianum Bourg. ex S.Watson Ribes hudsonianum Richardson 矮醋栗 Ribes humile Jancz. 湖南茶藨子 Ribes hunanense Chang Y.Yang & C.J.Qi Ribes hybr Ribes incarnatum Wedd. Ribes incertum J.F.Macbr. Ribes indecorum Eastw. Ribes inerme Rydb. Ribes integrifolium Phil. Ribes intermedium Jancz., 1910 Ribes janczewskii Pojark. Ribes japonicum Maxim. Ribes khorasanicum Saghafi & Assadi 康边茶藨子 Ribes kialanum Jancz. Ribes klamathense (Coville) Fedde 长白茶藨子 Ribes komarovii Pojark. 裂叶茶藨子 Ribes laciniatum Hook.fil. & Thomson Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. Ribes lasianthum Greene 阔叶茶藨子 Ribes latifolium Jancz. ex Vilm. & Bois 桂叶茶藨子 Ribes laurifolium Jancz. Ribes lavellei G.Nicholson Ribes laxiflorum Pursh Ribes lehmannii Jancz. Ribes leptanthum A.Gray Ribes leptostachyum Benth. Ribes lobbii A.Gray Ribes longeracemosum Franch. 长序茶藨子 Ribes longiracemosum Franch. Ribes loudonii hort. ex Lavallée, 1877 Ribes lucarense Phil. 紫花茶藨子 Ribes luridum Hook.fil. & Thomson Ribes luteynii Weigend Ribes macrobotrys Ruiz & Pav. Ribes macrostachyum Jancz. Ribes madrense Coville & Rose Ribes magellanicum Poir. Ribes malvaceum Sm. Ribes malvifolium Pojark. 东北茶藨子 Ribes mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kom. Ribes marshallii Greene 尖叶茶藨子 Ribes maximowiczianum Kom.，也拼作：Ribes maximoviczianum 华西茶藨子 Ribes maximowiczii Batalin Ribes mediatum Mesicek & Soják Ribes melananthum Boiss. & Hohen. Ribes melanocarpum Jancz. ex M.Vilm. & Bois Ribes melanthum Boiss. & Hohen. Ribes menziesii Pursh Ribes mescalerium Coville 天山茶藨子 Ribes meyeri Maxim. Ribes microphyllum Kunth 密苏里茶藨子 Ribes missouriense Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray Ribes montigenum McClatchie 宝兴茶藨子 Ribes moupinense Franch. 多花茶藨子 Ribes multiflorum Kit. ex Roem. & Schult. Ribes munroi Douglas Ribes nanophyllum Freire-Fierro & Endara Ribes neglectum Rose Ribes nelsonii Coville & Rose Ribes nemorosum Phil. Ribes neomexicana Knowlton, 1916 内华达茶藨子 Ribes nevadense Kellogg 毛加仑 Ribes nigrum L.，黑加仑 Ribes nigrum × Ribes rubrum Ribes nigrum × uva-crispa Ribes nigrum × sanguineum Ribes niveum Lindl. Ribes odoratissimum M'Mahon, 1928 香茶藨子 Ribes odoratum Schlecht. ex Hemsl. Ribes officinale Steud., 1821 Ribes oligocarpa Vals. 东方茶藨子 Ribes orientale Desf. Ribes orizabae Rose Ribes ovalifolium Jancz. Ribes oxyacanthoides L. 英吉利茶藨子 Ribes palczewskii (Jancz.) Pojark., 1929，为 Ribes spicatum subsp. lapponicum Hyl.的异名 Ribes pallidiflorum Pojark. Ribes panctatum Ruiz & Pav. Ribes paradoxum Jancz. Ribes paradoxum Jancz. ex M.Vilm. & Bois Ribes parvifolium Phil. Ribes pentlandii Britton Ribes petraeum Hort.Prag. ex Tausch, 1838 Ribes petraeum Wulfen Ribes pinetorum Greene Ribes polyanthum Phil. Ribes pringlei Rose 水葡萄茶藨子 Ribes procumbens Pall. Ribes protomelaenum Cockerell, 1908 青海茶藨子 Ribes pseudofasciculatum K.S.Hao 毛茶藨子 Ribes pubescens (Hartm.) Hedl.，为Ribes spicatum subsp. spicatum 的异名 美丽茶藨子 Ribes pulchellum Turcz. Ribes punctatum Ruiz & Pav. Ribes quercetorum Greene Ribes recurvum hort. ex Lavallée, 1877 Ribes resinosum James Ribes robustum G.Nicholson Ribes roezlii Regel Ribes rosthornii Diels Ribes rotundifolium Michx. 红萼茶藨子 Ribes rubrisepalum L.T.Lu 紅加侖 Ribes rubrum L. 库页岛茶藨子 Ribes sachalinense (F.Schmidt) Nakai Ribes sanchezii Weigend Ribes sanguineum Pursh Ribes sardoum Martelli 石生茶藨子 Ribes saxatile Pall. Ribes sericeum Eastw. Ribes serotinum Lindb 四川茶藨子 Ribes setchuense Jancz. Ribes sibiricum L. ex B.D.Jacks. Ribes sinanense F.Maek. 滇中茶藨子 Ribes soulieanum Jancz. Ribes speciosum Pursh Ribes spicatum E.Robson Ribes spicatum Schult. Ribes stakori Fisch. ex Sweet Ribes steinbachiorum Weigend & Binder 长果茶藨子 Ribes stenocarpum Maxim. Ribes stramineum Berland., 1856 Ribes sucheziense Jancz. Ribes sutchuenense Jancz. ex M.Vilm. & Bois Ribes sylvestre F.Dietr. 渐尖茶藨子 Ribes takare D.Don Ribes tanguticum Pojark. 花茶藨子 Ribes tenue Jancz. Ribes thacherianum (Jeps.) Munz 天全茶藨子 Ribes tianquanense S.H.Yu & J.M.Xu Ribes tolimense Cuatrec. Ribes tomentosum Gand. Ribes tortuosum Benth. Ribes trilobum Meyen 矮茶藨子 Ribes triste Pall. Ribes tularense (Coville) Fedde Ribes tularense (Coville) Standl. Ribes tumerec Weigend & Breitkopf Ribes turbinatum Pojark. Ribes urva-ursi S.W.L.Jacobs & J.Pickard, 1981 鵝莓 Ribes uva-crispa L. Ribes vagum Jancz. ex M.Vilm. & Bois Ribes valdivianum Phil. Ribes vanfleetianum (A.Berger) Standl. Ribes velutinum Greene Ribes viburnifolium A.Gray Ribes victoris Greene Ribes villosum Wall. 小果茶藨子 Ribes vilmorinii Jancz. ex Vilm. & Bois. 绿花茶藨子 Ribes viridiflorum (W.C.Cheng) L.T.Lu & G.Yao Ribes viscosissimum Pursh Ribes viscosum Ruiz & Pav. Ribes warszewiczii Jancz. ex M.Vilm. & Bois Ribes watsonianum Koehne Ribes weberbaueri Jancz. Ribes wolfii Rothr. 西藏茶藨子 Ribes xizangense L.T.Lu 杂交种： Ribes ×amatoris Pavlov Ribes ×arcuatum Jancz. Ribes ×australe Jancz. Ribes ×beatonii Ribes ×berisioides Jancz. Ribes ×bethmontii Jancz. Ribes ×bullatosilvestre Hedl. Ribes ×carrierei C.K.Schneid. Ribes ×coeruleum Pavlov Ribes ×culverwellii Macfarl. Ribes ×culverwellii McFarland, 1900 Ribes ×culverwllii Macfarl. Ribes ×disputabile Pavlov Ribes ×dubium Jancz. Ribes ×fontenayense Jancz. Ribes ×fuscescens Jancz. Ribes ×futurum Jancz. Ribes ×futurum Jancz. ex M.Vilm. & Bois Ribes ×gondouinii Pavlova Ribes ×gonduini Jancz. Ribes ×gordonianum Lem. Ribes ×gothoburgense C.H.Blom Ribes ×holosericeum Otto & A.Dietr. Ribes ×houghtonianum Pavlova Ribes ×innominatum Jancz. Ribes ×knightii Rehder Ribes ×koehneanum Jancz. Ribes ×nidigrolaria Rud.Bauer & A.Bauer Ribes ×pallidum Otto & A.Dietr. Ribes ×recens Jancz. Ribes ×robustum Jancz. Ribes ×rusticum Jancz. Ribes ×saundersii Jancz. Ribes ×succirubrum Zabel ex Beissn. Ribes ×succirubrum Zabel ex Jancz. Ribes ×urceolatum Tausch Ribes ×utile Jancz. Ribes ×vagum Jancz. Ribes ×varoi Blanca Ribes ×vitreum Jancz. Ribes ×wallichii Jancz. Ribes ×warscezewiczii Pavlova 「藨」，拼音：pāo，注音：ㄆㄠ，粤拼：pou1，中古擬音：phau 普袍切 「藨」，拼音：biāo（臺灣的念法），注音：ㄅㄧㄠ（臺灣的念法)https://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/dictView.jsp?ID=452&q=1&word=%E8%97%A8}- Shota Sakaguchi, Mitsuru Oishi, Daiki Takahashi, Ayumi Matsuo, Shun K. Hirota, Yoshihisa Suyama and Hiroaki Setoguchi. 2022. Ribes fujisanense (Grossulariaceae): A New obligate epiphytic Species of Gooseberry Discovered in Central Japan. Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 73(1); 49-56. DOI: 10.18942/apg.202109 维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：茶藨子科 浆果产业 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）