MUC7

MUC7是智人的蛋白质編碼基因的一部分，位於4號人類染色體的短臂，負責編碼Mucin-7這一種蛋白質。該蛋白的多肽鏈長度為377個氨基酸，分子量為39,159。在其他動物，MUC7基因只見於大多數的胎盤動物；但在有袋類物種的基因卻找不到。 人類的基因攜帶有五個或六個串联重复版本；而在其他靈長類動物中，這個基因的重複次數，在大猩猩為4-5次，在黑猩猩為5次，猩猩屬物種則為6-7次，獼猴為8-10次，狒狒屬為10-11次，绿猴為11-12次。根據一項2017年由美國紐約州立大學水牛城分校研究人員及其他機構合作，透過分析人類唾液中MUC7黏蛋白的演化過程，生物學家發現在大約15萬年前，撒哈拉以南非洲的人類祖先曾與一種前所未知的原始人類有過基因交流；而這人種並不屬於今人的人類、以及尼安德特人與丹尼索瓦人，可能是直立人的一支，被生物學家冠以“幽靈人種”（ghost species）的名稱。 HUGO Gene Nomenclature Commitee, HGNC:7518. [2017-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-10） （英语）.  Bobek LA, Liu J, Sait SN, Shows TB, Bobek YA, Levine MJ. Structure and chromosomal localization of the human salivary mucin gene, MUC7. Genomics. February 1996, 31 (3): 277–82. PMID 8838308. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0049.  Entrez Gene: MUC7 mucin 7, secreted.  UniProt, Q8TAX7. [2017-08-30]. （原始内容存档于2016-09-22） （英语）.  Xu D, Pavlidis P, Thamadilok S, Redwood E, Fox S, Blekhman R, Ruhl S, Gokcumen O. Recent evolution of the salivary mucin MUC7. Scientific Reports. August 2016, 6: 31791. Bibcode:2016NatSR...631791X. PMC 4997351 . PMID 27558399. doi:10.1038/srep31791.  This article contains quotations from this source, which is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） license. 研究：部份人類祖先曾跟「幽靈人種」雜交 交流是常態. ETtoday新聞雲. 2017-07-25 [2023-08-15]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-15） （中文（繁體））.  部分现代人祖先曾与未知“幽灵”人种杂交. 新华社. 2017-07-25 [2023-08-15]. （原始内容存档于2021-10-10） （中文（简体））.  Zalewska A, Zwierz K, Zółkowski K, Gindzieński A. Structure and biosynthesis of human salivary mucins. Acta Biochimica Polonica. 2002, 47 (4): 1067–79. PMID 11996097. doi:10.18388/abp.2000_3960 .  Bobek LA, Tsai H, Biesbrock AR, Levine MJ. Molecular cloning, sequence, and specificity of expression of the gene encoding the low molecular weight human salivary mucin (MUC7). The Journal of Biological Chemistry. September 1993, 268 (27): 20563–9. PMID 7690757. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(20)80762-5 .  Troxler RF, Iontcheva I, Oppenheim FG, Nunes DP, Offner GD. Molecular characterization of a major high molecular weight mucin from human sublingual gland. Glycobiology. October 1997, 7 (7): 965–73. PMID 9363439. doi:10.1093/glycob/7.7.965 .  Prakobphol A, Thomsson KA, Hansson GC, Rosen SD, Singer MS, Phillips NJ, Medzihradszky KF, Burlingame AL, Leffler H, Fisher SJ. Human low-molecular-weight salivary mucin expresses the sialyl lewisx determinant and has L-selectin ligand activity. Biochemistry. April 1998, 37 (14): 4916–27. PMID 9538010. doi:10.1021/bi972612a.  Kirkbride HJ, Bolscher JG, Nazmi K, Vinall LE, Nash MW, Moss FM, Mitchell DM, Swallow DM. Genetic polymorphism of MUC7: allele frequencies and association with asthma. European Journal of Human Genetics. May 2001, 9 (5): 347–54. PMID 11378823. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200642 .  Guo JM, Zhang Y, Cheng L, Iwasaki H, Wang H, Kubota T, Tachibana K, Narimatsu H. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel member of the UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase family, pp-GalNAc-T12. FEBS Letters. July 2002, 524 (1–3): 211–8. PMID 12135769. S2CID 84453381. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03007-7 .  Cheng L, Tachibana K, Zhang Y, Guo J, Kahori Tachibana K, Kameyama A, Wang H, Hiruma T, Iwasaki H, Togayachi A, Kudo T, Narimatsu H. Characterization of a novel human UDP-GalNAc transferase, pp-GalNAc-T10. FEBS Letters. November 2002, 531 (2): 115–21. PMID 12417297. S2CID 221288147. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03399-9 .  Banderas-Tarabay JA, Zacarías-D'Oleire IG, Garduño-Estrada R, Aceves-Luna E, González-Begné M. Electrophoretic analysis of whole saliva and prevalence of dental caries. A study in Mexican dental students. Archives of Medical Research. 2003, 33 (5): 499–505. PMID 12459324. doi:10.1016/S0188-4409(02)00395-8.  Wang H, Tachibana K, Zhang Y, Iwasaki H, Kameyama A, Cheng L, Guo J, Hiruma T, Togayachi A, Kudo T, Kikuchi N, Narimatsu H. Cloning and characterization of a novel UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, pp-GalNAc-T14. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. January 2003, 300 (3): 738–44. PMID 12507512. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(02)02908-X.  Soares RV, Siqueira CC, Bruno LS, Oppenheim FG, Offner GD, Troxler RF. MG2 and lactoferrin form a heterotypic complex in salivary secretions. Journal of Dental Research. June 2003, 82 (6): 471–5. PMID 12766201. S2CID 23276142. doi:10.1177/154405910308200613.  Ge J, Catt DM, Gregory RL. Streptococcus mutans surface alpha-enolase binds salivary mucin MG2 and human plasminogen. Infection and Immunity. November 2004, 72 (11): 6748–52. PMC 523000 . PMID 15501816. doi:10.1128/IAI.72.11.6748-6752.2004.  Grys TE, Siegel MB, Lathem WW, Welch RA. The StcE protease contributes to intimate adherence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 to host cells. Infection and Immunity. March 2005, 73 (3): 1295–303. PMC 1064933 . PMID 15731026. doi:10.1128/IAI.73.3.1295-1303.2005.  Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M. Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. Nature. October 2005, 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026. doi:10.1038/nature04209.  Bruno LS, Li X, Wang L, Soares RV, Siqueira CC, Oppenheim FG, Troxler RF, Offner GD. Two-hybrid analysis of human salivary mucin MUC7 interactions. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research. October 2005, 1746 (1): 65–72. PMID 16203048. doi:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2005.08.007 .  Li S, Intini G, Bobek LA. Modulation of MUC7 mucin expression by exogenous factors in airway cells in vitro and in vivo. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. July 2006, 35 (1): 95–102. PMC 2658701 . PMID 16514118. doi:10.1165/rcmb.2005-0305OC.