磨齒獸科

磨齒獸科（學名：Mylodontidae），又稱磨齒懶科，是已滅絕的地懶，生存於2,300萬至11,000年前的北美洲及南美洲。磨齒獸科與同樣已滅絕的陵角懶科（英语：Scelidotheriidae），以及現存樹棲性的二趾樹懶科為近親，三者均屬於磨齒獸總科。磨齒獸科與陵角懶科之間的親緣關係證據主要是來自種系發生學及形態學分析，甚至有部分較早期的研究會將陵角懶科置於磨齒獸科下。而磨齒獸科與二趾樹懶科之間的親緣關係證據則仰賴粒線體DNA及膠原蛋白胺基酸序列的分析研究。後者分析顯示二趾樹懶科比起二趾樹懶科，與磨齒獸科的親緣關係更為接近。此外，同樣仍未滅絕的樹懶科（包含已知的4種三趾樹懶）則是屬於親緣關係較遠的大地懶總科。 由於在洞穴中同時發現人類與地懶的遺骸，包括了數量不少的毛髮、皮膚、糞便等亞化石，科學家最初認為這些早期的人類會建造畜欄來豢養這些地懶。然而，放射性碳定年法分析顯示人類及地懶生存於洞穴的時間並未有重疊。磨齒獸科是目前已知確認具有皮內成骨的地懶，但僅有部分屬具有此特徵，其中就包括了磨齒獸屬（英语：Mylodon）、副磨齒獸屬及舌懶獸屬（英语：Glossotherium），其他屬則缺乏。 本系統發生樹係根據膠原蛋白及粒線體DNA序列分析： Rincón, Ascanio D.; Solórzano, Andrés; McDonald, H. Gregory; Flores, Mónica Núñez. Baraguatherium takumara, Gen. et Sp. Nov., the Earliest Mylodontoid Sloth (Early Miocene) from Northern South America. Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 7 April 2016, 24 (2): 179–191. S2CID 23667414. doi:10.1007/s10914-016-9328-y.  http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=43629&is_real_user=1Mylodontidae: Paleobiology Database 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2012-10-13. 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ISBN 978-0-8493-2001-9. doi:10.1201/9781420039481-14.  維基物種上的相關信息：磨齒獸科 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：磨齒獸科 Sloth World: An Online Sloth Bibliography Picture and information about a ground sloth skeleton on display at the University of Georgia's Science Library Academy of Natural Sciences ground sloth page Illinois State Museum ground sloth page （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Ground sloths at La Brea Eremotherium in Florida Have some ground sloths survived in Argentina? （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Ground sloths in general Western Center for Archaeology and Paleontology （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Hemet, CA