西德尼·帕金森

西德尼·帕金森（Sydney Parkinson 约1745年—1771年1月26日）是一位苏格兰植物、动物插画家，是第一个抵达澳大利亚、新西兰和塔希提的欧洲艺术家。 帕金森出生于爱丁堡的一个贵格会家庭，父亲在1749年去世，家境贫困。他曾当过毛布商学徒，业余喜欢绘画，他没接受过正式的绘画教育，但可能和爱丁堡的一些艺术家有来往。 全家在1766年左右搬到伦敦，他的哥哥斯坦菲尔德在那里当家具商。1765年至1766年间，他的一些花卉画在自由艺术家学会（Free Society of Artists）展出，他也开始教画，雇主包括苏格兰苗圃园主詹姆斯·李，李雇他教自己的女儿安，并在1767年把帕金森介绍给约瑟夫·班克斯，后者又把他介绍给动物学家托马斯·彭南特。 1768年，班克斯雇佣他随库克船长乘坐努力号前往太平洋，一路上他绘制了近千幅动植物插图。在前往开普敦时，他因痢疾去世，班克斯将他的工资付给了他的哥哥。 Banksia serrata，西德尼·帕金森绘 Banksia integrifolia，西德尼·帕金森绘 Banksia ericifolia，西德尼·帕金森绘 Banksia dentata，西德尼·帕金森绘 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：西德尼·帕金森 Paul Barker, "Wide-eyes on a painted ocean", The Guardian, republished in Sydney Morning Herald, 10 July 1999, Spectrum, p. 13s Joppien & Smith 1985，第74頁. Allen 2004. Lysaght 1979，第12頁. Parkinson 1773，第vi頁. sfn error: no target: CITEREFParkinson1773 (help) Joppien & Smith 1985，第74–75頁. Lysaght 1979，第12–15頁. Carr 1983，第x頁. Lysaght 1979，第15頁. Graves 1907，第189頁. Anderson 1954. Sox 2002，第231頁. Sydney Parkinson, botanical draughtsman. Enlarging the prospects of happiness: European travel writing through the ages. Online exhibition. University of Otago. [12 June 2015]. （原始内容存档于2022-02-20）.  Nadaf, Altafhusain; Zanan, Rahul. Indian Pandanaceae - an overview. Springer Science & Business Media. 2013: 5 [2022-01-18]. ISBN 978-81-322-0753-5. （原始内容存档于2022-04-27） （英语）.  Rienits, Rex. Parkinson, Sydney (1745–1771). Australian Dictionary of Biography (National Centre of Biography, Australian National University). 1967 [2022-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2022-06-30）.  Allen, D.E. Parkinson, Sydney. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 23 September 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21377.  Anderson, A. W. Sydney Parkinson. The Gardeners' Chronicle (London). 16 January 1954, 135: 24–25. OCLC 12835111. （原始内容存档于2022-01-18）.  Beaglehole, John C. The Journals of Captain James Cook: The Voyage of the Endeavour, 1768–1771. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press : Hakluyt Society. 1968 [1955] [2022-01-18]. OCLC 223185477. （原始内容存档于2021-10-30） （英语）.  Beaglehole, J. C. The Endeavour journal of Joseph Banks 1768-1771. Sydney: Trustees of Public Library of N.S.W. in association with Angus and Robertson. 1963 [2022-01-18]. OCLC 222980498. （原始内容存档于2022-04-28） （英语）.  Beaglehole, J. C. The life of Captain James Cook. London: Adam & Charles Black. 1974 [2022-01-18]. OCLC 480115019. （原始内容存档于2022-04-20） （英语）.  Carr, Denis J. Sydney Parkinson: Artist of Cook's Endeavour Voyage. British Museum (Natural History). 1983 [2022-01-18]. ISBN 978-0-7099-0794-7. （原始内容存档于2022-04-07） （英语）.  Elphick, Jonathan. Birds : the art of ornithology. New York : Rizzoli. 2008. ISBN 978-0-8478-3134-0.  Graves, Algernon. The Society of artists of Great Britain, 1760-1791; the Free society of artists, 1761-1783 ; a complete dictionary of contributors and their work from the foundation of the societies to 1791. London: G. Bell and sons etc. 1907 [2022-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-31）.  Joppien, Rüdiger; Smith, Bernard. The Art of Captain Cook's Voyages. Volume One. The Voyage of the Endeavour 1768–1771. New Haven and London: Published for the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art by Yale University Press. 1985. ISBN 0-300-03450-4. OCLC 12544694.  Lysaght, Averil M. Joseph Banks in Newfoundland and Labrador, 1766: his diary, manuscripts and collections;. London: Faber and Faber Ltd. 1971. ISBN 978-0-571-09351-9.  Lysaght, Averil M. Banks's artists and his Endeavour collections. Mitchell, T. C. (编). Captain Cook and the South Pacific. British Museum Yearbook 3. London: British Museum Publications Ltd. 1979: 9–80. ISBN 978-0-7141-0088-3.  O'Brian, Patrick. Joseph Banks : a life. Boston : D.R. Godine. 1993. ISBN 978-0-87923-930-5.  Sox, David. Sydney Parkinson (1745-1771): Quaker artist with Cook's Endeavour voyage. The Journal of the Friends Historical Society. 2002, 59 (3): 231–235 [2022-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-05） （美国英语）.  Parkinson's posthumously published Journal, 1773 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, online at the National Library of Australia Examples of Parkinson's drawings published in A journal of a voyage to the South Seas, in His Majesty's ship, the Endeavour, 1773. Royal Geographical Society of South Australia （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Parkinson, Sydney; Kenrick, William. A Journal of a Voyage to the South Seas, in His Majesty's Ship, the Endeavour: Faithfully Transcribed from the Papers of the Late Sydney Parkinson, Draughtsman to Joseph Banks, Esq., on His Late Expedition with Dr. Solander, Round the World .... S. Parkinson. 1773 [2022-01-18]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-27）.