毛黴屬

毛黴屬（學名：Mucor）是一個包含大約有十多個物種的黴菌屬，普遍可在泥土、植物的表面、腐爛的蔬果或消化系統中找到它，它可以制作豆腐乳。 黴菌是一種真菌，它的菌落的顏色一般呈現白色、米黃色到灰色，生長快速，在適合的培植介質中可以生長至數厘米高。當菌落成熟，由於孢子的發展，使菌落的顏色變成灰或褐色。 部分品種（Mucor mucedo）無性繁殖。當孢子囊柄（sporangiophore）直立及發育成熟，孢子囊柄頂端脹大形成球狀孢子囊（sporangium），內裝單核單倍體孢子（sporangiospore）。孢子囊頂端的囊軸向孢子囊伸出，囊壁隨之爆開並釋出孢子。 有性繁殖時，部分短小菌絲形成配子囊（gametangia），當兩合適之配子囊接合，便形成球狀、具厚壁的接合孢子囊（zygosporangium）。接合孢子囊內藏一個接合孢子（zygospore）。接合孢子囊內進行核配（karyogamy）和減數分裂，可能可抵禦外在的惡劣環境。毛黴屬包括同宗配合（雌雄同株）和异宗配合（雌雄异株）的種。 本属包括以下物种： Mucor abortisporangium H. Zhao, Y.C. Dai, Yuan Yuan & X.Y. Liu 2023 Mucor abundans Povah Mucor adventitius Oudem. Mucor albus Schrank Mucor aligarensis B.S.Mehrotra & B.R.Mehrotra Mucor amethysteus Berk. Mucor amethystinus L.Wagner & G.Walther Mucor amphibiorum Schipper, 1978 Mucor amphisporus H. Zhao, Y.C. Dai, Yuan Yuan & X.Y. Liu 2023 Mucor ardhlaengiktus B.S.Mehrotra & B.M.Mehrotra Mucor ascheae Y.P. Tan, Bishop-Hurley & R.G. Shivas 2023 Mucor aseptatophorus V.G.Hurdeal, E.Gentekaki, K.D.Hyde & H.B.Lee, 2021 Mucor atramentarius L.Wagner & G.Walther Mucor azygosporus R.K.Benj. Mucor bacilliformis Hesselt. Mucor bainieri B.S.Mehrotra & Baijal Mucor bondarzevii S.A.Kulik Mucor caatinguensis A.L.Santiago, C.A.F.de Souza & D.X.Lima Mucor caninus Pers. Mucor chiangraiensis V.G.Hurdeal, E.Gentekaki, K.D.Hyde & H.B.Lee, 2021 Mucor circinatus D.X.Lima, G.Walther & A.L.Santiago Mucor circinelloides Tiegh. Mucor clavatus Link Mucor corticola Hagem Mucor ctenidius (Durrell & M.Fleming) Walther & de Hoog Mucor delicatus L.S.Loh & Kuthub. Mucor durus Walther & de Hoog Mucor ellipsoideus E.Álvarez, Cano, Stchigel, Deanna A.Sutton & Guarro Mucor endophyticus (R.Y.Zheng & H.Jiang) J.Pawłowska & Walther Mucor erectus Bainier Mucor eugeniae L.S.Loh & Nawawi Mucor eugenieae L.S.Loh & Nawawi Mucor exponens (Burgeff) Walther & de Hoog Mucor falcatus Schipper Mucor fimetarius Link Mucor flavus Bainier Mucor fluvii Hyang B.Lee, S.H.Lee & T.T.T.Nguyen Mucor fragilis (Tode) Traverso Mucor fragilis Bainier Mucor fuscus (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Berl. & De Toni Mucor fuscus Bainier Mucor fusiformis Walther & de Hoog Mucor genevensis Lendn. Mucor geophilus Oudem. Mucor gigasporus G.Q.Chen & R.Y.Zheng Mucor griseocyanus Hagem Mucor grylli Hyang B.Lee & T.T.T.Nguyen, 2022 Mucor guilliermondii Nadson & Filippov Mucor hachijyoensis Ts.Watan. 异配囊接霉 Mucor heterogamus Vuill. 异配囊接霉卵孢变种 Mucor heterogamus var. moelleri 异配囊接霉 Mucor heterogamus var. longisuspensoris Mucor hiemalis Wehmer Mucor hyangburmii Hyang B.Lee & T.T.T.Nguyen, 2022 Mucor hygrophilus Oudem. Mucor inaequisporus Dade 印度毛霉 Mucor indicus Lendn. Mucor irregularis Stchigel, Cano, Guarro & E.Álvarez 日本毛霉 Mucor japonicus (Komin.) Walther & de Hoog 朝鲜毛霉 Mucor koreanus Hyang B.Lee, S.J.Jeon & T.T.Nguyen Mucor kunryangriensis Hyang B.Lee & T.T.T.Nguyen, 2022 Mucor lahorensis J.H.Mirza, S.M.Khan, S.Begum & Shagufta Mucor lanceolatus Hermet Mucor lausannensis Lendn. Mucor laxorrhizus Y.Ling Mucor lilianae Voglmayr & Clémençon Mucor limbiflorus (Tode) Sacc. & Traverso Mucor lusitanicus Bruderl. Mucor luteus Linnem. ex Wrzosek Mucor megalocarpus Walther & de Hoog Mucor meguroensis Ts.Watan. Mucor merdicola C.A.F.de Souza & A.L.Santiago Mucor microsporus Naumov Mucor microsporus Wamyslowski Mucor minimus (Tode) Link Mucor minutus (Baijal & B.S.Mehrotra) Schipper Mucor moelleri (Vuill.) Lendn. Mucor mousanensis Baijal & B.S.Mehrotra 大毛霉 Mucor mucedo Fresen. Mucor mucedo Lend.Ex Fries Mucor multiplex (R.Y.Zheng) Walther & de Hoog Mucor nanus Schipper & Samson Mucor nidicola A.A.Madden, Stchigel, Guarro, Deanna A.Sutton & Starks Mucor nucuum (Corda) Berl. & De Toni Mucor odoratus Treschew Mucor oosporus Link Mucor orantomantidis Hyang B.Lee, P.M.Kirk & T.T.T. Mucor orodatus Treschew Mucor pakistanicus J.H.Mirza, S.M.Khan, S.Begum & Shagufta Mucor parviseptatus Walther & de Hoog Mucor parvispora Knonse Mucor pernambucoensis C.L.Lima, D.X.Lima & A.L.Santiago Mucor piriformis A.Fischer Mucor plasmaticus Tiegh. Mucor plumbeus Bonord. Mucor prayagensis B.S.Mehrotra & Nand ex Schipper Mucor pseudocircinelloides L.Wagner & G.Walther Mucor pseudolusitanicus L.Wagner & G.Walther Mucor psychrophilus Milko Mucor punjabensis J.H.Mirza, S.M.Khan, S.Begum & Shagufta Mucor racemosus Bull., 1791 Mucor racemosus Fresen. Mucor ramosissimus Samouts. Mucor ravidus L.S.Loh & Nawawi Mucor renisporus K.Jacobs & Botha 荣氏毛霉 Mucor rongii F.R. Bai & C. Cheng Mucor rudolphii Voglmayr & Clémençon Mucor saprophilus Novot. Mucor sarawakensis L.S.Loh & Nawawi Mucor saturninus Hagem Mucor silvaticus Hagem 中华毛霉 Mucor sinensis Milko & Beliakova Mucor souzae C.A.de Souza, D.X.Lima & A.L.Santiago Mucor speciosus Oudem. Mucor stercorarius Hyang B.Lee, P.M.Kirk & T.T.T.Nguyen Mucor stercoreus (Tode) Link Mucor stilbum (Tode) Sacc. & Traverso Mucor strictus Hagem Mucor subtilissimus Oudem. Mucor succosus Berk. Mucor suhagiensis M.D.Mehrotra Mucor sympodialis L.S.Loh & Kuthub. Mucor tanatus L.S.Loh & Nawawi Mucor tenellus (Tode) Pers. Mucor tenuis Link Mucor thermohyalospora Subrahm. Mucor troglophilus Zalar Mucor ucrainicus Milko Mucor variicolumellatus L.Wagner & G.Walther Mucor variosporus Schipper Mucor verticillatus L.S.Loh & Kuthub. Mucor viridescens Linnaeus, 1771 Mucor zonatus Milko Mucor zychae Baijal & B.S.Mehrotra 因為大部分毛黴屬無法在溫暖環境中生長（接近攝氏37度），它們多不會感染人類和温血動物。耐熱品種（Mucor indicus）可致壞死性且能快速傳播的接合菌病。 Mucor Fresen., 1850. [2022-04-23]. （原始内容存档于2021-12-09）.  Nguyen, T.T.T.; Lee, H.B. Discovery of Three New Mucor Species Associated with Cricket Insects in Korea. J. Fungi 2022, 8, 601. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060601 Mucor （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） at Zygomycetes.org Mucor species （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） from Index Fungorum Mucor page （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） from Index Fungorum