巴基斯坦西北部战争

巴基斯坦西北部战争，亦称瓦济里斯坦战争，是指2004年至今，发生在巴基斯坦瓦济里斯坦地区的武装冲突，涉及巴基斯坦塔利班运动、伊斯兰军、執行先知法典運動（英语：Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi）、蓋達組織等武裝组织，以及有组织的犯罪。 冲突始于2004年，源於巴基斯坦陆军在瓦济里斯坦山区（位於联邦直辖部落地区）搜索蓋達组织战士而造成的紧张局势升級為武装抵抗。巴方的行动被认为是对国际反恐战争的贡献。2008年至2010年巴基斯坦军方和与阿拉伯武装分子结盟的中亚激进组织间爆发更多冲突。外籍武装分子得到西面阿富汗战争的巴基斯坦非军人老兵加入，随后成立了巴基斯坦塔利班运动及伊斯兰军（英语：Lashkar-e-Islam）等其他好战组织。1992年成立的执行先知法典运动與巴基斯坦塔利班及伊斯兰军結盟。 2014年6月8日真纳国际机场遭受武裝分子襲擊後，巴基斯坦政府在6月15日發起「利劍行動」，加強剿滅於該國西北部活動的武裝分子。 巴基斯坦加入美国领导的反恐战争，给本国经济带来深刻影响。根据财政部的统计和数据搜集调查，作为“前线国家”，自2001年以来，经济遭受直接和间接损失达679.3亿美元。根据财政部发行的《2010-2011年度巴基斯坦经济调查报告》，“巴基斯坦的产值从未有过如此有毁灭性的社会和经济动荡，甚至是1971年对印度直接宣战”。 巴基斯坦軍方公佈自2014年6月至2015年12月，有3,400名武裝分子在「利劍行動」中被殺，安全部隊則有488人死、1,914人受傷。 直到2020年再次加入巴基斯坦塔利班运动 Mehsud, Katharine Houreld. Pakistani splinter group rejoins Taliban amid fears of isolation | Reuters. Reuters. 12 March 2015 [3 July 2017]. （原始内容存档于19 August 2017）.  Pakistan Taliban splinter group vows allegiance to Islamic State. 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Update on the Human Costs of War for Afghanistan and Pakistan, 2001 to mid-2016 (PDF). Brown University. Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs. [20 September 2017]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于8 September 2017）. The war in Pakistan, which began as Al Qaeda and the Taliban fled from Afghanistan into the northwest region of Pakistan in 2001, has caused almost 62,000 deaths and an additional 67,000 injuries.  U.S. Fatalities in and around Afghanistan. iCasualties. 9 September 2005 [4 July 2010]. （原始内容存档于6 April 2010）.  Database – Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP). [23 May 2019]. （原始内容存档于2017-10-01）.  Red Cross 'gravely concerned' about conditions in Swat Valley. CNN. 31 May 2009 [26 March 2011]. （原始内容存档于29 October 2013）. Pakistan's Swat Valley, where a month long offensive against the Taliban has displaced more than 2 million civilians.  In source: "A majority of the more than 70,000-plus civilians killed in this violence were Pashtuns, while more than 6 million members of the ethnic group have endured displacement since the onset of conflict in 2003.". Gandhara. [27 May 2019]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-17）.  Varun Vira and Anthony Cordesman "Pakistan: Violence versus Stability: A Net Assessment." （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Center for Strategic and International Studies, 25 July 2011. The War in Pakistan. The Washington Post. 25 January 2006 [19 October 2008]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-30）.  Zaffar Abbas. Pakistan's undeclared war. News.bbc.co.uk. [19 October 2008]. （原始内容存档于2008-09-15）.  "[Pakistan Primer Pt. 1] The Rise of the Pakistani Taliban 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2015-09-29.," Global Bearings, 27 October 2011. David Montero. Killing scares media away from Waziristan. 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War on terror cost Pakistan $67.9 billion. Dawn News, Economic Survey. 20 June 2011 [16 June 2013]. （原始内容存档于2013年5月24日）.  巴基斯坦军方称清剿行动已击毙3400名武装分子. 中新網. 2015-12-13 [2015-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-25）.