奥克斯特德

奥克斯特德（英語：Oxted）是英格兰薩里郡坦德里奇区的一个镇、民政教区，位于北唐斯丘陵脚下，克羅伊登登东南9英里（14公里）。它是一个睡城，有直达伦敦的火车。 此地地名最早出现于一份公元862年的盎格鲁-撒克逊文献，记载为“Acustyde” 。1086年的末日审判书中为“Acstede”，此后，陆续出现Akested （12世纪）、 Axsted 、 Axstude和Ocsted （13世纪）和Oxsted （14世纪）等写法。其名来源于古英语，āc意为“橡树”，stede意为“地方”。 铁器时代当地就有人类活动，考古发现包括一枚可追溯到公元前3世纪或4世纪的金属胸针。在罗马时期，从伦敦到刘易斯以及从伦敦到布赖顿的道路从奥克斯特德两侧经过。其定居点形成于盎格鲁-撒克逊时期，当地的圣玛丽教堂可能建在异教宗教遗址上。从撒克逊时代晚期开始，该地区就属于坦德里奇区（Tandridge Hundred）。 Key Statistics; Quick Statistics: Population Density 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期11 February 2003. United Kingdom Census 2011 Office for National Statistics Retrieved 21 November 2013 Leveson-Gower, Granville. Surrey Etymologies: Tandridge Hundred - Part II (PDF). Surrey Archaeological Collections. 1874, 6: 127–226 [1 December 2021]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于7 May 2022）.  Mills 2003，第360頁. Gover, Mawer & Stenton 1969，第332-334頁. Williams, David. Some recent finds from East Surrey (PDF). Surrey Archaeological Collections. 1996, 83: 165–186 [2 December 2021]. doi:10.5284/1069216. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于7 May 2022）.  Ketteringham, Lesley. The M25 from Godstone to the Kent boundary (PDF). Surrey Archaeological Collections. 1990, 80: 121–132 [2 December 2021]. doi:10.5284/1069166. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于7 May 2022）.  Packham 1987，Introduction. Alderton 1999，第13-14頁. Alderton, Mary. Oxted 2000: Oxted, Hurst Green and district – A history and guide for the millenium. Oxted: Oxted Parish Council. 1999. ISBN 978-0-95-362210-8.  Alderton, Mary; Bridson, Michael. All Saints' yesterday and today: A history and portrait of the church and parish. Oxted: All Saints' Catholic Church. 2004.  Blatch, Mervyn. The churches of Surrey. Chichester: Phillimore. 1997. ISBN 978-1-86-077002-9.  Bower, Tom. Fayed: The Unauthorized Biography. Macmillan. 1998: 43. ISBN 978-0-33-374554-0.  含有內容需登入查看的頁面 (link) Bristow, Ron G. A history of Master Park, Oxted, Surrey. Oxted. 2002. ISBN 978-0-95-421670-2.  Brown, Stanley. Continuing history of the Barn Theatre, Oxted – from 1948 to the present. Oxted: Barn Theatre. 1994.  Crocker, Glenys. Surrey's Industrial Past (PDF). Guildford: Surrey Industrial History Group. 1999. ISBN 978-0-95-239188-3. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于3 February 2021）.  Crook, Paul. Surrey Home Guard. Midhurst: Middleton Press. 2000. ISBN 1-901-70657-5.  Dines, HG; Edmunds, FH; Chatwin, CP; Stubblefield, CJ. The geology of the country around Reigate and Dorking : Explanation of one-inch geological sheet 286, new series. London: British Geological Survey. 1933 [25 July 2020]. （原始内容存档于2 January 2021）.  Dines, HG; Buchan, S; Holmes, SCA; Bristow, CR; Stubblefield, CJ. The geology of the country around Sevenoaks and Tonbridge : Explanation of one-inch geological sheet 287, new series. London: British Geological Survey. 1969 [14 April 2022]. （原始内容存档于7 May 2022）.  Fry, Lewis G. (编). Oxted, Limpsfield and neighbourhood. Oxted: W. & G. Godwin. 1932.  Gould, David. The Croydon, Oxted & East Grinstead Railway. Usk: Oakwood Press. 2003. ISBN 978-0-85-361598-9.  Gover, J.E.B.; Mawer, A.; Stenton, F.M. The place-names of Surrey. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1969.  Harrison, Beatrice. Cleveland-Peck, Patricia , 编. The cello and the nightingales : The autobiography of Beatrice Harrison. London: John Murray. 1985. ISBN 0-71-954208-1.  Hébert, Brian; Packham, Roger. Oxted Cricket Club 1890-1990: A centenary celebration. Oxted: Oxted Cricket Club. 1990.  Malden, H.E. (编). A History of the County of Surrey 4. London: Victoria County History. 1911 [27 November 2021]. （原始内容存档于26 November 2021）.  McCarthy, Kathleen. A hundred years in Hurst Green: The story of the church of St John the Evangelist. Hurst Green: Church of St John the Evangelist. 2013.  Mills, A.D. Oxford Dictionary of British Place Names. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2003. ISBN 978-0-19-852758-9.  Ogley, Bob. Surrey at war 1939-1945. Brasted Chart: Froglets. 1995. ISBN 978-1-87-233765-4.  Packham, Roger. Oxted in old picture postcards 1. Zaltbommel, NL: European Library. 1987. ISBN 978-9-02-883493-4.  Packham, Roger. Oxted in old picture postcards 2. Zaltbommel, NL: European Library. 1990. ISBN 978-9-02-884920-4.  Percy, Kay; Gray, Peter (编). Oxted Explored. Oxted: Tandridge District Council. 1975.  Tippett, Michael. Those twentieth century blues : An autobiography. London: Hutchinson. 1991. ISBN 978-0-09-175307-8.  含有內容需登入查看的頁面 (link)