鱧屬

鱧屬（学名：Channa）是鱧科下的一個屬，此屬所有魚共同的稱號為蛇頭魚、雷龍，其下有33個種。包括烏鱧、小盾鳢的很多種都很出名。其自然分佈極廣，主要在东亚、东南亚及南亚。其下的魚除去食用外，還有藥用價值，也是常見的觀賞魚。該屬的魚是食肉動物，以蛙、蛇、鳥以及齧齒類動物為食，可以呼吸空氣。 Channa這一命名並不完善，關於其的研究也不甚全面，2010年種系發生研究顯示，在東南亞可能還存在著未被描述的鱧屬魚類。2011年6月，印支半島的雙線鱧（Channa diplogramma）被發現是一個獨立的本土物種，其親緣關係可能與小盾鱧（Channa micropeltes）接近，大約952萬到2176萬年前是一個種。 該屬下現有33種： 雙棲鱧 Channa amphibius (McClelland, 1845) 阿薩姆鱧 Channa andrao Britz, 2013 巨鱧 Channa ara (Deraniyagala, 1945) 烏鱧 Channa argus (Cantor, 1842) Channa argus argus (Cantor, 1842) 沃氏鱧 Channa argus warpachowskii (L. S. Berg, 1909) Channa aristonei Praveenraj, Thackeray, Singh, Uma, Moulitharan & Mukhim, 2020 七星鱧 Channa asiatica (Linnaeus, 1758)，又名月鱧 橙斑鱧 Channa aurantimaculata Musikasinthorn, 2000 Channa aurantipectoralis van Lalhlimpuia, Lalronunga & Lalramliana, 2016 Channa auroflammea Adamson, Britz & Lieng, 2019 斑卡鱧 Channa bankanensis (Bleeker, 1853) 巴兰鱧 Channa baramensis (Steindachner, 1901) 巴卡鱧 Channa barca (Hamilton, 1822) Channa bipuli Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Bleher, 2018 布氏鱧 Channa bleheri Vierke, 1991 Channa brahmacharyi Chakraborty, Yardi & Mukherjee, 2020 Channa brunnea Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Kannan, 2019 緬甸鱧 Channa burmanica Chaudhuri, 1919 Channa coccinea Britz, Tan & Lukas, 2024 Channa cocnhayia Nguyen, Bui & Nguyen, 2015 鈍吻鱧 Channa cyanospilos (Bleeker, 1853) 紅鱧 Channa diplogramma (Day, 1865) Channa elliptica von Salis, 1967 緣鱧 Channa gachua (Hamilton, 1822)，又名寬額鱧、南鳢 茵列鱧 Channa harcourtbutleri (Annandale, 1918) 縱條鱧 Channa hoaluensis Nguyen, 2011 Channa kelaartii 蹩鱧 Channa limbata ，又名林氏鱧、紅尾緣鱧 Channa lipor Praveenraj, Uma, Moulitharan & Singh, 2019 長嘴鱧 Channa longistomata Nguyen, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2012 帶鱧 Channa lucius (Cuvier, 1831) 鱧魚 Channa maculata (Lacepède, 1801)，又名斑鱧、台灣鱧魚 似眼鱧 Channa marulioides (Bleeker, 1851) 眼鱧 Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822) 黑鰭鱧 Channa melanoptera (Bleeker, 1855)，基异名：Ophicephalus melanopterus Bleeker, 1855 黑斑鱧 Channa melanostigma Geetakumari & Vishwanath, 2011 黑體鱧 Channa melasoma (Bleeker, 1851) 小盾鱧 Channa micropeltes (Cuvier, 1831)，又名紅線鱧、魚虎 寧平鱧 Channa ninhbinhensis Nguyen, 2011 夜鱧 Channa nox Zhang, Musikasinthorn & Watanabe, 2002 東方鱧 Channa orientalis Bloch & Schneider, 1801 飾鰭鱧 Channa ornatipinnis Britz, 2008 帕瑙鱧 Channa panaw Musikasinthorn, 1998 豹紋鱧 Channa pardalis Knight, 2016 側眼鱧 Channa pleurophthalmus (Bleeker, 1851) Channa pomanensis Gurumayum & Tamang, 2016 擬眼鱧 Channa pseudomarulius (Günther, 1861)，现接受名为：眼鱧 Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822) 美鱧 Channa pulchra Britz, 2007 翠鱧 Channa punctata (Bloch, 1793) Channa pyrophthalmus Britz, Tan & Lukas, 2024 Channa rakhinica Britz, Tan & Lukas, 2024 Channa rara Britz, Dahanukar, Anoop & Ali, 2019 Channa royi Praveenraj & Knight 真言鱧 Channa shingon Endruweit, 2017 斯氏鱧 Channa stewartii (Playfair, 1867) 顯斑鱧 Channa stiktos Lalramliana, Knight, Lalhlimpuia & Singh, 2018 線鱧 Channa striata ，又名泰國鱧、泰國魚虎 Channa torsaensis Dey, Nur, Raychowdhury, Sarkar, Singh & Barat, 2018 杂交种： Channa argus × Channa maculata Channa maculata × Channa argus Channa. 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Channa andrao, A New Species of Dwarf Snakehead from West Bengal, India (Teleostei: Channidae). Zootaxa. 3731(2): 287–294. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3731.2.9 Hiranya Sudasinghe, Eleanor A. S. Adamson, R.H. Tharindu Ranasinghe, Madhava Meegaskumbura, Chiho Ikebe and Ralf Britz. 2020. Unexpected Species Diversity within Sri Lanka’s Snakehead Fishes of the Channa marulius Group (Teleostei: Channidae). Zootaxa. 4747(1); 113–132. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4747.1.4 Jayasimhan Praveenraj, Tejas Thackeray, Sadokpam Gojendro Singh, Arumugam Uma, N. Moulitharan, and Bankit K. Mukhim. 2020. A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, Northeastern India. Copeia. 108(4); 938-947. DOI: 10.1643/CI2020007 Denise van Lalhlimpuia, Samuel Lalronunga and Lalramliana Lalramliana. 2016. Channa aurantipectoralis, A New Species of Snakehead from Mizoram, north-eastern India (Teleostei: Channidae). Zootaxa. 4147(3); 343. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4147.3.7 Jayasimhan Praveenraj, Arumugam Uma, Nallathambi Moulitharan and Rajesh Kannan. 2019. Channa brunnea, A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from West Bengal, India. Zootaxa. 4624(1); 59–70. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4624.1.4 Ralf Britz, Tan Heok Hui and Lukas. 2024. Four New Species of Channa from Myanmar (Teleostei, Labyrinthici, Channidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 72; Pp. 1–25. Hiranya Sudasinghe, Rohan Pethiyagoda, Madhava Meegaskumbura, Kalana Maduwage and Ralf Britz. 2020. Channa kelaartii, A Valid Species of Dwarf Snakehead from Sri Lanka and southern peninsular India (Teleostei: Channidae). Vertebrate Zoology. 70(2); 157-170. DOI: 10.26049/VZ70-2-2020-05 Jayasimhan Praveenraj, Arumugam Uma, Nallathambi Moulitharan, and Sadokpam Gojendro Singh. 2019. A New Species of Dwarf Channa (Teleostei: Channidae) from Meghalaya, Northeast India. Copeia. 107(1); 61–70. DOI: 10.1643/CI-18-079 J.D. Marcus Knight. 2016. Channa pardalis, A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Meghalaya, northeastern India. Journal of Threatened Taxa. 8(3): 8583–8589. DOI: 10.11609/jott.2168.8.3.8583-8589 Shantabala Devi Gurumayum and Lakpa Tamang. 2016. Channa pomanensis, A New Species of Snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India. Species. 17(57); 175-186 Ralf Britz, Neelesh Dahanukar, V.K. Anoop and Anvar Ali. 2019. Channa rara, A New Species of Snakehead Fish from the Western Ghats region of Maharashtra, India (Teleostei: Labyrinthici: Channidae). Zootaxa. 4683(4); 589–600. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4683.4.8 J. Praveenraj, J. D. M. Knight, R. Kiruba-Sankar, Beni Halalludin, J. J. A. Raymond and V. R. Thakur. 2018. Channa royi (Teleostei: Channidae): A New Species of Snakehead from Andaman Islands, India. Indian J. Fish. 65(4); 1-14. DOI: 10.21077/ijf.2018.65.4.72827-01 Marco Endruweit. 2017. Description of A New Dwarf Snakehead (Perciformes: Channidae) from western Yunnan. Vertebrate Zoology. 67(2); 173-178. Lalramliana, John Daniel Marcus Knight, Denis Van Lalhlimpuia and Mahender Singh. 2018. Integrative Taxonomy Reveals A New Species of Snakehead Fish, Channa stiktos (Teleostei: Channidae), from Mizoram, North Eastern India. VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY. 68(2). Arpita Dey, Ruksa Nur, Basudhara Raychowdhury, Debapriya Sarkar, Laishram Kosygin Singh and Sudip Barat. 2018. A New Ornamental Species of Snakehead Fish (Teleostei: Channidae) from River Torsa of West Bengal, India. International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience (Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. - IJPAB). 6(6); 497-503. DOI: 10.18782/2320-7051.7131