猶太人離開穆斯林世界

猶太人離開穆斯林世界是指20世纪（1948年至1970年代初為主），大约900000犹太人因為各種原因離開非洲和亚洲的穆斯林世界。以色列独立宣言是導致猶太人離開穆斯林世界的重要原因。伊朗伊斯蘭革命爆發後，伊朗境內的猶太人離開伊朗。此後穆斯林世界的猶太人人口就非常少。据估计，这些離開穆斯林世界的犹太人中至少有650000（72%）人前往以色列定居。 20世纪初，一些定居在中东穆斯林世界（例如也门和叙利亚）的犹太人移民到巴勒斯坦地區。 在英国托管巴勒斯坦期间，来自穆斯林世界的犹太人移民比較少。 1948年以色列独立之前，大约有800000犹太人生活在阿拉伯世界。其中，近三分之二生活在法国和意大利控制下的北非地区，15-20%生活在伊拉克王國，约10%生活在埃及王國，约7%生活在葉門穆塔瓦基利亞王國。另有200000犹太人在伊朗王國和土耳其境內定居。 20世纪40年代末和1950年代初爆發第一波穆斯林世界猶太人移民潮，許多猶太人離開伊拉克、也门和利比亚。 1948年至1951年间， 有260000犹太人離開阿拉伯世界前往以色列。 以色列政府決定接納他們。 1956年第二次中东战争爆發後，許多埃及猶太人離開埃及。20世纪60年代，又有許多猶太人離開北非。此時黎巴嫩是唯一一个犹太人人口有所增加的阿拉伯国家，不過到了20世纪70年代中期，黎巴嫩的犹太人人口也有所减少。截至1972 年，已有600000犹太人離開阿拉伯和穆斯林国家前往以色列， ，另有300000人前往法国和美国。這導致來自中东地区的犹太人（米兹拉希犹太人和塞法迪犹太人）占以色列总人口的一半以上。 截至2009年，只有26000名犹太人依然留在阿拉伯国家和伊朗， 另有26000名猶太人依然留在土耳其。 截至2019年，阿拉伯国家和伊朗的犹太人人口又下降至12,700人，  土耳其的猶太人人口下降至14,800。 Beker 2005，第4頁. Simon, Laskier & Reguer 2003: "Before the 1940s only two communities, Yemen and Syria, made substantial aliyah." 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