波菲利 (哲學家)

波菲利（希腊语：Πορφύριος，羅馬化：Porphýrios；阿拉伯语：فرفوريوس‎，羅馬化：Furfūriyūs；讀音：/ˈpɔːrfɪri/；约234年—约305年）是在罗马统治期间出生在泰尔的新柏拉图哲学家。 他撰写了涉及许多主题的作品，涵蓋音乐、荷马以及素食主义。他编辑并出版了《九章集（英语：The Enneads）》，这是有關他的老师普罗提诺著作的唯一合集。他对欧几里得的几何原本评论曾被帕普斯引用。他的著作《导论（英语：Isagoge）》在中世纪被認為是逻辑学和哲学的入门书和教科書，並被翻譯成拉丁语和阿拉伯语。波菲利是一名反基督教人士，著有《Philosophy from Oracles》和《反對基督徒》（Against the Christians） 等反基督教著作。《反對基督徒》後來甚至被君士坦丁大帝所取缔。 For Porphyry's dates, place of birth and philosophical school, see Barker 2003，第1226–1227頁. Sarton 1936，第429–430頁 identifies Transjordania as Porphyry's place of birth. For a comprehensive list see Beutler (1894–1980); Guthrie 1988，第91頁 provides another list Barnes 2003，第xv頁 clarifies that the Isagoge "[was] not an Introduction to the Categories, rather "[since it was] an introduction to the study of logic, [it] was... an introduction to philosophy--and hence accidentally an introduction to the Categories." 約翰·J·奧康納; 埃德蒙·F·羅伯遜, Porphyry Malchus, MacTutor数学史档案 （英语）  Barnes 2003. Clarke 1989. Digeser 1998. Barker, A. Porphyry. Hornblower, S.; Spawforth, A. (编). Oxford Classical Dictionary revised 3rd. 2003: 1226–1227.  Barnes, Jonathan. Porphyry: Introduction. Oxford: Clarendon. 2003 [2020-02-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-05）.  Barnes, Jonathan. Method and Metaphysics: Essays in Ancient Philosophy. Volume I. Oxford: OUP. 2011 [2020-02-24]. ISBN 978-0-19-957751-4. （原始内容存档于2016-05-02）.  Beutler, R. (1894–1980). "Porphyrios (21)" in A. Pauly, G. Wissowa, W. Kroll, K. Witte, K. Mittelhaus and K. Ziegler, eds., Paulys Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft, vol. 22.1. Clarke, Gillian. Iamblichus : On the Pythagorean Life. Liverpool University Press. 1989 [2020-02-24]. ISBN 978-0-85323-326-8. （原始内容存档于2020-01-24）.  Digeser, Elizabeth DePalma. Lactantius, Porphyry, and the Debate over Religious Toleration. Journal of Roman Studies. 1998, 88: 129–146. ISSN 0075-4358. doi:10.2307/300808.  Froom, LeRoy. The Prophetic Faith of our Fathers (PDF). Volume 1. Washington, DC: Review and Herald. 1950 [2020-02-24]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2020-09-27）.  Guthrie, Kenneth Sylvan. The Works of Porphyry. Porphyry's Launching-points to the realm of mind: an introduction to the neoplatonic philosophy of Plotinus. Phanes Press. 1988 [2020-02-24]. ISBN 978-0-933999-59-6. （原始内容存档于2020-01-09）.  also available at tertullian.org （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Hadot, P. Philosophy as a Way of Life. Oxford: Blackwell. 1995.  Johnson, Aaron. Rethinking the Authenticity of Porphyry, c.Christ. fr. 1,. Studia Patristica. 2010, 46: 53–58.  Johnson, Aaron P. Religion and Identity in Porphyry of Tyre: The Limits of Hellenism in Late Antiquity. Cambridge University Press. 2013 [2020-02-24]. ISBN 978-1-107-01273-8. （原始内容存档于2019-12-19）.  Notopoulos, James A. Porphyry's Life of Plato. Classical Philology. 1940, 35 (3): 284–293. ISSN 0009-837X. doi:10.1086/362396.  Rahman, F. ʿARAŻ. Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. II, Fasc. 3: 271–273. 1986 [2020-02-24]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-18）.  Sarton, G. The Unity and Diversity of the Mediterranean World. Osiris. 1936, 2: 406–463. doi:10.1086/368462.  Sadaune, Samuel. Inventions et decouvertes au Moyen-Age [Inventions and Discoveries of the Middle Ages]. Ouest-France. 2014. ISBN 9782737362415 （法语）.  Socrates Scholasticus.  Historia Ecclesiastica. 维基文库. 1885, Book I, Ch 9, pp. 30-31.  Socrates Scholasticus.  Historia Ecclesiastica. 维基文库. 1885b, Book III, Ch 23.  Stevenson, James. A New Eusebius: Documents Illustrating the History of the Church to AD 337. SPCK. 1987 [2020-02-24]. ISBN 978-0-281-04268-5. （原始内容存档于2020-01-08）.  Wilken, R. Pagan Criticism of Christianity: Greek Religion and Christian Faith. Schoedel and, W.; Wilken, R. (编). Early Christian Literature and the Classical Intellectual Tradition. 1979: 117–134.  Bidez, J. (1913). Vie de Porphyre. Ghent. Clark, Gillian, "Porphyry of Tyre on the New Barbarians," in R. Miles (ed), Constructing Identities in Late Antiquity (London: Routledge, 1999), 112–132; = in Eadem, Body and Gender, Soul and Reason in Late Antiquity (Farnham; Burlington, VT, Ashgate, 2011) (Variorum collected studies series, CS978), art. XIV. Clark, Gillian, "Philosophic Lives and the philosophic life: Porphyry and Iamblichus," in T. Hägg and P. Rousseau (eds), Greek Biography and Panegyric in Late Antiquity (Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press, 2000), 29–51; = in Eadem, Body and Gender, Soul and Reason in Late Antiquity (Farnham; Burlington, VT, Ashgate, 2011) (Variorum collected studies series, CS978), art. XV. Clark, Gillian, "Fattening the soul: Christian asceticism and Porphyry On Abstinence," Studia Patristica, 35, 2001, 41-51; = in Eadem, Body and Gender, Soul and Reason in Late Antiquity (Farnham; Burlington, VT, Ashgate, 2011) (Variorum collected studies series, CS978), art. XVI. Emilsson, E., "Porphyry" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Retrieved April 19, 2009. Iamblichus: De mysteriis. Translated with an Introduction and Notes by Emma C. Clarke, John M. Dillon and Jackson P. Hershbell (Society of Biblical Literature; 2003) ISBN 1-58983-058-X. Girgenti, G. (1987) Porfirio negli ultimi cinquant'anni: bibliografia sistematica e ragionata della letteratura primaria e secondaria riguardante il pensiero porfiriano e i suoi influssi storici Milan. Smith, Andrew (1987) Porphyrian Studies since 1913, in W. Haase, ed., Aufstieg und Niedergang der Römischen Welt II.36.2, pp. 717–773. Smith, Andrew (1974) Porphyry's Place in the Neoplatonic Tradition. A Study in post-Plotinian Neoplatonism, The Hague, Nijhoff. Zuiddam, B. A. "Old Critics and Modern Theology," Dutch Reformed Theological Journal (South Africa), xxxvi, 1995, No. 2. 维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源：波菲利 波菲利 (哲學家)收錄於維基文庫中的作品  希臘語维基文库中与本条目相关的原始文献：Πορφύριος 维基语录上有关波菲利 (哲學家)的语录 Porphyry Malchus (mathematician) – entry in MacTutor History of Maths Archives. Emilsson, Eyjólfur. Porphyry. 扎尔塔, 爱德华·N (编). 《斯坦福哲学百科全书》. . Περὶ τοῦ ἐν Ὀδυσσείᾳ τῶν Νυμφῶν Ἄντρου (The Cave of the Nymphs in the Odyssey), original Greek text. Εἰσαγωγὴ εἰς τὴν Ἀποτελεσματικὴν τοῦ Πτολεμαίου (Introduction to Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos), original Greek text. Porphyry, On Abstinence from Animal Food, Book I （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, translated by Thomas Taylor（英语：Thomas Taylor (neoplatonist)）. Porphyry, On Abstinence from Animal Food, Book II （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, translated by Thomas Taylor. Porphyry, On Abstinence from Animal Food, Book III （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, translated by Thomas Taylor. Porphyry, On Abstinence from Animal Food, Book IV （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, translated by Thomas Taylor. Porphyry, On the Cave of Nymphs （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, translated by Thomas Taylor. Porphyry, Auxiliaries to the Perception of Intelligible Natures, translated by Thomas Taylor. Porphyry, Isagoge （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, translated by Octavius Freire Owen. The Isagoge, or Introduction of Porphyry, translated by Thomas Taylor with an extensive preface by the translator. Porphyry, On the Life of Plotinus （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Porphyry, Comments on the Book of Daniel. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Additional texts, edited by Roger Pearse （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 來自波菲利的LibriVox公共領域有聲讀物