泥炭蘚屬

泥炭藓屬（学名：Sphagnum）旧称水藓屬，是泥炭藓科唯一的现存属，一般呈黄白色或灰白色，常有各种锈斑。 泥炭藓屬的茎没有假根，并在沼泽中紧密丛生，下部逐渐死亡，上部继续生长；“叶”有大型无色的细胞，有极强的吸水力，所以能在沼泽地上大片的丛生，遗体逐年的堆积成泥炭，并使沼泽地、湖泊逐渐淤积成陆地。泥炭苔是酸性泥炭沼澤的主要優勢物種，對碳固定有重要貢獻。 經曬乾後的泥炭藓是園藝常見的優秀介質，保水性佳又透氣，常常代替土壤成為讓盆景植物生長的介質。 本属包括以下物种： 拟尖叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum acutifolioides Warnst 小叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum angustifolium 截叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum angstroemii 喙叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum apiculatum Lindb，多生于云、冷杉林下和落叶松甸子中。 粗叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum aquarrosum Crome.，生于林下积水地，云、冷杉林下和塔头中。是东北各林区常见种，常见孢蕨。 瓢叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum beccarii Sphagnum cavernulosum Flatberg & Whinam, 2011 中华泥炭藓 Sphagnum chinense 密叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum compactum Sphagnum complanatum Flatberg & Whinam 扭枝泥炭藓 Sphagnum contortum Schultzm, 1819 拟狭叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum cuspidatulum 狭叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum cuspidatum Ehrh. 大泥炭藓 Sphagnum cymbifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw., 1782，为Sphagnum palustre L.的异名 细齿泥炭藓 Sphagnum denticulatum Bridel, 1826 Sphagnum divinum 长叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum falcatulum Sphagnum falcatulum Bescherelle, 1885 锈色泥炭藓 Sphagnum fuscum Klinggräff, 1872 白齿泥炭藓 Sphagnum girgensohnii Russ.，生于塔头甸子或高位沼泽，常形成大片藓丛。东北各林区分布普遍。 毛壁泥炭藓 Sphagnum imbricatum Hornschuch ex Russow, 1865 Sphagnum incundum Flatberg & Hassel Sphagnum intermedium Hoffm., 1796，为Sphagnum capillifolium (Ehrh.) Hedw.的异名 泛地泥炭藓 Sphagnum inundatum Russow, 1894 Sphagnum islei Warnst. Sphagnum isoviitae Flatberg, 1992，为Sphagnum fallax var. isoviitae (Flatberg) Lönnell & K.Hassel的异名 日本泥炭藓 Sphagnum japonicum Warnst.，为Sphagnum palustre L.的异名 垂枝泥炭藓 Sphagnum jensenii H.Lindb., 1899 暖地泥炭藓 Sphagnum junghuhnianum 加萨泥炭藓 Sphagnum khasianum 利尼泥炭藓 Sphagnum lenense 吕宋泥炭藓 Sphagnum luzonense Sphagnum magellanicum Brid., 1798 Sphagnum medium Limpr., 1881 中位泥炭藓 Sphagnum magellanicum Brid., 1798 中位泥炭藓 Sphagnum magellanicu Brid., 1798，生于沼泽地或塔头甸子中，有时亦见于落叶松甸子中。 小孔泥炭藓 Sphagnum microporum Warnst. ex Cardot, 1904 多纹泥炭藓 Sphagnum multifibrosum 尖叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum nemoreum 秃叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum obtusiusculum 舌叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum obtusum 稀孔泥炭藓 Sphagnum oligoporum 卵叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum ovatum 泥炭藓 Sphagnum palustre 疣泥炭藓 Sphagnum papillosum 拟宽叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum platyphylloides 羽枝泥炭藓 Sphagnum plumulosum 异叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum portoricense 刺叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum pungifolium Sphagnum quarrosum 五列泥炭藓 Sphagnum quinquefarium 喙叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum recurvum 岸生泥炭藓 Sphagnum riparium 广舌泥炭藓 Sphagnum robustum (Warnst.) Röll，为 Sphagnum russowii Warnst.的异名 红叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum rubellum Wilson, 1855 广舌泥炭藓 Sphagnum russowii 丝光泥炭藓 Sphagnum sericeum C.Muell., 1847 Sphagnum skyense Flatberg, 1988 粗叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum squarrosum Sphagnum subsecumdum 偏叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum subsecundum 柔叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum tenellum 细叶泥炭藓 Sphagnum teres (Schimp.) Aongstr.，生于塔头沼泽或林下低洼积水地。 阔边泥炭藓 Sphagnum warnstorfianum 多枝泥炭藓 Sphagnum wulfianum I Flatberg, Jennie Whinam & Marc Lebouvier (2011) Three species of Sphagnum endemic to Île Amsterdam, Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises: S. cavernulosum sp. nov., S. complanatum sp. nov. and S. islei, Journal of Bryology, 33:2, 105-121, DOI: 10.1179/1743282010Y.0000000019 Kristian Hassel, Magni O. Kyrkjeeide, Narjes Yousefi, Tommy Prestø, Hans K. Stenøien, Jonathan A. Shaw & Kjell Ivar Flatberg (2018) Sphagnum divinum (sp. nov.) and S. medium Limpr. and their relationship to S. magellanicum Brid., Journal of Bryology, 40:3, 197-222, DOI: 10.1080/03736687.2018.1474424 Magni Olsen Kyrkjeeide, Kristian Hassel, Blanca Shaw, A. Jonathan Shaw, Eva M. Temsch and Kjell Ivar Flatberg. 2018. Sphagnum incundum A New Species in Sphagnum subg. Acutifolia (Sphagnaceae) from Boreal and Arctic Regions of North America. Phytotaxa. 333(1); 1–21. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.333.1.1 K. I. Flatberg (1992) The European taxa in the Sphagnum recurvum complex. 1. Sphagnum isoviitae sp. nov. , Journal of Bryology, 17:1, 1-13, DOI: 10.1179/jbr.1992.17.1.1 Kjell I. Flatberg (1988) Sphagnum skyense sp. nov, Journal of Bryology, 15:1, 101-107, DOI: 10.1179/jbr.1988.15.1.101 維基物種上的相關信息：泥炭蘚屬 维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：泥炭蘚屬