搖蚊科

搖蚊科（學名：Chironomidae），常被泛稱為搖蚊，是雙翅目搖蚊總科之下的一个科，常被称为“不咬人的蚊子”，广泛分布于世界各地。已描述的种类超过6000种。 搖蚊的幼蟲被俗稱為紅筋蟲，由於其血液中含有血紅素，所以全身呈紅色，不過也有些品種呈綠色或黃色。 這類昆蟲屬完全變態的昆蟲，其生命周期分卵、幼蟲、蛹及成蟲四部分。 摇蚊的幼虫主要生活在淡水环境中，少数种类在陆地或咸水中生存。摇蚊幼虫广泛分布于各种湖泊、坑塘、沼泽、临时水体、河流、溪流和瀑布等。据统计，摇蚊幼虫的数量约占水体底栖动物的50%。 本科包括以下属： Aagaardia Sæther, 2000 Abiskomyia Edwards, 1937 无突摇蚊属 Ablabesmyia Johannsen, 1905 Acalcarella Shilova, 1955 Acamptocladius Brundin, 1956 Acinoretracus Epler, Harrison & Hare, 1999 Acricotopus Kieffer, 1921 Acutiforcipia Seredszus & Wichard, 2009 Aedokritus Aenne Ansorge, 1999 Afrochlus Freeman, 1964 Afrozavrelia Harrison, 2004 Agurayusurika Ainuyusurika Sasa & Shirasaka, 1988 Allocladius Allometriocnemus Freeman, 1961 Allotrissocladius Freeman, 1964 Alotanypus Roback, 1971 Amazonimyia Amberaspinus Evenhuis, 1994 Amblycladius Kieffer, 1923 Amnihayesomyia Niitsuma, 2007 Amphismittia Kawai, Okamoto & Imabayashi, 2002 Anaphrotenia Brundin, 1983 Anatopynia Johannsen, 1905 Ancylocladius Sublette & Wirth, 1972 Andamanus Maheshwari & Maheshwari, 2001 Anisinodus Lukashevich, Przhiboro, Marchal-Papier & Grauvogel-Stamm, 2010 Antillocladius Sæther, 1981 Anuncotendipes Cranston, 1999 Anzacladius Cranston, 2009 Apedilum Townes, 1945 Apelopia Roback, 1971 Aphrotenia Brundin, 1966 Aphroteniella Brundin, 1966 Apometriocnemus Sæther, 1984 Apsectrotanypus Fittkau, 1962 Araucania Brundin, 1966 Archaeochlus Brundin, 1966 Archistempellina Gilka & Zakrzewska, 2013 Arctodiamesa Makarchenko, 1983 Arctomyia Lundström, 1915 Arctopelopia Fittkau, 1962 Arctosmittia Zelentsov, 2006 Asachironomus Kikuchi & Sasa, 1990 Asclerina Reiss, 1968 Asheum Sublette & Sublette, 1983 Asiatendipes Hong, 2002 Asuba Giebel, 1856 Australopelopia Cranston, 2000 Austrobrillia Freeman, 1961 Austrochlus Cranston, 2002 Austrocladius Freeman, 1961 Axarus Roback Baeoctenus Sæther, 1976 Baeotendipes Kieffer, 1913 Barbadocladius Cranston & Krosch, 2011 Bavarismittia Saether, 1995 Beardius Reiss & Sublette, 1985 Beckidia Saether, 1979 Beifangiitendipes Beifangitendipes Hong, 2002 Belgica Jacobs, 1900 Benthalia Lipina, 1939 Bernhardia Datta & Chaudhuri, 1992 Bethbilbeckia Bethbilbekia Fittkau & Murray, 1988 Bibionites Handlirsch, 1906 Bilyjomyia Niitsuma & Watson, 2009 Biwatendipes Tokunaga, 1965 Boreochlus Edwards, 1938 Boreoheptagyia Brundin, 1966 Boreosmittia Tuiskunen, 1986 Botryocladius Cranston & Edward, 1999 Brachypogon Branchiurus Viviani, 1805 Brillia Kieffer, 1913 Brundiniella Roback, 1978 Brunieria Kieffer, 1921 Bryophaenocladius Thienemann, 1934 Buchonomyia Fittkau, 1955 Burmeisteria Weyenbergh, 1886 Burmochlus Giłka, Zakrzewska & Makarchenko, 2019 Bythomyia Zhang, 1989 Caaporangombera Caladomyia Sawedal, 1981 Calotanypus Roback, 1971 Campontia Johnston, 1828 Camposia Reiss, 1972 Camposimyia Reiss, 1981 Camptochironomus Kieffer, 1914 Camptochironomus Meigen, 1803 Camptocladius Cantomyia Cantopelopia Roback, 1971 Carbochironomus Reiss & Kirschbaum, 1990 Cardiocladiuis Cardiocladius Keiffer Cardiocladius Kieffer, 1912 Cataliptus Bezzi, 1916 Catalipus Caulochironomus Heyn, 1993 Cecidomium Westwood, 1854 Cedrimyia Namayandeh & Hudson, 2022 Chaetocladius Kieffer, 1911 Chartocladius Chasmatonotoides Doitteau & Nel, 2007 Chasmatonotus Loew, 1864 Chaudhuriomyia Chernovskiia Saether, 1977 Chilenomyia Brundin, 1983 Chirocladius Picado, 1914 Chironocesa Koçak & Kemal, 2008 Chironomites Fritsch & Bayer, 1900 Chironomopsis Handlirsch, 1906 摇蚊属 Chironomus Chrysopelopia Harrison, 1978 Cladopelma Kieffer, 1921 Cladotanytarsus Kieffer, 1922 Cladpelma Clavicornius Hong, 2002 Clinochironomus Kieffer, 1921 Clinocladius Sublette, 1970 Clinotanypus Kieffer, 1913 Clinotanytarsus Kieffer, 1923 Clunio Haliday, 1855 Coelochironoma Zhang et al., 1986 Coelopynia Freeman, 1961 Coelotanypus Kieffer, 1913 Coffmania Hazra & Chaudhuri, 2000 Collartomyia Goetghebuer, 1948 Colosmittia Andersen & Sæther, 1993 Compteromesa Sæther, 1981 Compterosmittia Sæther, 1981 Conchapelopia Fittkau, 1957 Conochironomus Freeman, 1961 Conocladius Kieffer, 1910 Constempellina Brundin, 1947 Corneliola Gilka & Zakrzewska, 2013 Coronapelopia Cranston & Krosch, 2021 Corynocera J.W.Zetterstedt, 1837 棒脉摇蚊属 Corynoneura Winnertz, 1846 Corynoneurella Brundin, 1949 Corytibacladius Oliveira, Messias & Santos Cretadiamesa Veltz, Azar & Nel, 2007 Cretaenne Azar, Veltz & Nel, 2008 Cretapelopia Veltz, Azar & Nel, 2007 Cretodiamesa Kalugina, 1976 Cricotopiella Meunier, 1916 环足摇蚊属 Cricotopus Crymaleomyia Ashe & O'Connor, 2000 Cryptochironomus Cryptocladopelma Cryptotendipes Beck & Beck, 1969 Cryptotendipes Lenz, 1941 Ctenosciara Curvus Kaddumi, 2005 Cyphomella Saether, 1977 Dactylocladius Kieffer, 1906 Daitoyusurika Sasa & Suzuki, 2001 Dara Giebel, 1856 Demeijerea Demicryptochironomus Lenz, 1941 Demicryptochironomus Reiss, 1988 Denopelopia Roback & Rutter, 1988 Derotanypus Roback, 1971 Diamesa Meigen, 1835 Diamesa Walts, 1837 二叉摇蚊属 Dicrotendipes Kieffer, 1913 Didimiriforceps Diplocladius Kieffer, 1908 Diplosmittia Sæther, 1981 Ditanytarsus Kieffer, 1922 Djalmabastica Fittkau, 1968 Djalmabatista Fittkau, 1968 Doithrix Sæther & Sublette, 1983 Dolichocladius Kieffer, 1911 Dolichopelma Kieffer, 1918 Doloplastus Skuse, 1889 Doncricotopus Sæther, 1981 Dratnalia Saether & Halvorsen, 1981 Dryadontanytarsus Dryadotanytarsus Dungeyella Jarzembowski, Azar & Nel, 2008 Echinocladius Cranston, 2000 Edwardsidia Sæther, 1990 Einfeldia Keiffer Einfeldia Kieffer, 1924 Electrotenia Kalugina, 1980 Elpiscladius Harrison & Cranston, 2007 Endochironomus Kieffer, 1918 Endochironomus Lenz, 1922 Endotendipes Lenz, 1955 Endotribelos Grodhaus Eocenitendipes Evenhuis, 1994 Eonandeva Gilka & Zakrzewska Eopodonomus Rohdendorf, 1964 Eoprocladius Szadziewski et al., 2018 Epiocladius Epoicocladius Sulc & Zavrel, 1924 Epotanytarsus Matsumura, 1917 Eraniella Namayandeh, Ghaderi, Ghobari & Mohammadi, 2021 Eretmoptera Kellogg, 1900 Eudactylocladius Thienemann, 1935 Eugenodiamesa Lukashevich & Przhiboro, 2015 Eukiefferiella Thienemann, 1926 Eurycnemus Wulp, 1874 Euryhapsis Oliver, 1981 Eusmittia Freeman, 1962 Eutanytarsus Bause, 1914 Ferringtonia Fissimentum Cranston & Nolte, 1996 Fittkauimyia Karunakaran, 1969 Fleuria Kieffer, 1924 Flexicrus Seredszus & Wichard, 2009 Fournieria Kieffer, 1924 Freemaniella Sæther, 1976 Friederia Sæther & Andersen, 1998 Furcobuchonomyia Baranov, Goral & Ross, 2017 Furvitendipes Hong, 2002 Fushunitendipes Hong, 1981 Georthocladius Strenzke, 1941 Gilkania Lukashevich, 2020 Gillotia Kieffer, 1921 Glushkovella Kalugina, 1993 雕翅摇蚊属 Glyptotendipes Goeldichironomus Fittkau, 1965 Goetghebueria Kieffer, 1921 Graceus Goetghebuer, 1928 Gravatamberus Mendes & Andersen, 2008 Gressittius Sublette & Wirth, 1980 Gripekovenia Kieffer, 1918 Guassutanypus Roque & Trivinho-Strixino, 2003 Gujaratomyia Giłka & Zakrzewska, 2018 Gunmayusurika Gurvanomyia Kalugina, 1986 Guttipelopia Fittkau, 1962 Guvanomyia Gymnometriocnemus Edwards, 1932，也拼作 Gymnometriocnemis Gymnometriocnemus Goetghebeur, 1932 Gynnidocladius Sublette & Wirth, 1980 Gynocladius Mendes, Sæther & Andrade-Morraye, 2005 Haematotanypus Azar, Veltz & Nel, 2008 Hahayusurika Sasa & Suzuki, 1997 Halirytus Halocladius Hirvenoja, 1973 Halocladius Thienemann Halotanytarsus Hanochironomus Ree, 1992 Hanocladius Wang & Sæther, 2002 Harnischia Kieffer, 1921 Harrisius Freeman, 1959 Harrisonina Freeman, 1956 Hayesomyia Murray & Fittkau, 1986 Heleniella Gouin, 1943 Henrardia Goetghebuer, 1936 Heplagyia Heptagyia Philippi, 1865 Heterotanytarsus Spärck, 1923 Heterotrissocladius Spärck, 1923 Hevelius Sublette & Wirth, 1980 Hexatanytarsus Kieffer, 1921 Himatendipes Tokunaga, 1959 Hintelmanniella Baranov & Haug, 2021 Hintelmenniella Hirosimayusurika Sasa, Shimomura & Matsuo, 1991 Holotanypus Roback, 1982 Holtedahlia Kieffer, 1922 Huabeitendipes Hong, 1995 Hudsonimyia Hulstaertiella Goetghebuer, 1936 Hulstaertulus Goetghebuer, 1948 水摇蚊属 Hydrobaenus Fries, 1830 Hydrosmittia Ferrington & Sæther, 2011 Hyporhygma Reiss, 1982 Ichthyocladius Fittkau, 1974 Ikiprimus Sasa & Suzuki, 1999 Ikisecundus Sasa & Suzuki, 1999 Imparipecten Freeman, 1961 Indoaxarus Maheshwari & Maheshwari, 2001 Indocladius Chaudhuri & Bhattacharyay, 1989 Indoclavitarsus Santokh, Singh & Kulshrestha Inermipupa Langton & Cobo, 1997 Ionthosmittia Sæther & Andersen, 1995 Iporangomberus Irisobrillia Oliver, 1985 Isocladius Kieffer, 1909 Isoplasus Jentzschiella Meunier, 1899 Jurochlus Kalugina, 1985 Juropelopia Evenhuis, 1994 Jururumberus Mendes & Andersen, 2013 Kaluginia Makarchenko, 1987 Kamelopelopia Harrison, 1978 Kaniwhaniwhanus Boothroyd, 1999 Kiefferophyes Freeman, 1961 Kiefferulus Goetghebuer, 1922 Kloosia Kruseman, 1933 Knepperia Kieffer, 1908 Krenopelopia Fittkau, 1962 Krenopsectra Reiss, 1969 Krenosmittia Thienemann & Krüger, 1939 Kribibius Kribiobius Kieffer, 1921 Kribiocallis Kieffer, 1921 Kribiocladius Kieffer, 1923 Kribiocosmus Kieffer, 1921 Kribiocryptus Kieffer, 1921 Kribiodorum Kieffer, 1921 Kribiodosis Kieffer, 1921 Kribiodoxa Kieffer, 1921 Kribiomimus Kieffer, 1921 Kribiomyia Kieffer, 1921 Kribiopelma Kieffer, 1921 Kribiothauma Kieffer, 1921 Kribioxenus Kieffer, 1921 Kurobebrillia Sasa & Ogata, 1999 Kuschelius Sublette & Wirth, 1980 Kuzinia Shilova, 2001 Labrundinia Fittkau, 1962 Langtonius Lukashevich & Przhiboro, 2018 Lappodiamesa Serra-Tosio, 1968 Lappokiefferiella Tuiskunen, 1986 Lapposmittia Thienemann, 1939 Larsia Fittkau, 1962 Larsia Wiedemann, 1824 Lasiodiamesa Kieffer, 1924 Latitendipes Hong, 2002 Laurotanypus de Oliveira, da Conceicao Messias & da Silva-Vasconcelos, 1992 Lauterborniella Thienemann & Bause, 1913 Lebanorthocladius Veltz, Azar & Nel, 2007 Lepidopelopia Harrison, 1970 Lepidopodus Freeman, 1958 Lerheimia Andersen & Sæther, 1993 Liaotendipes Hong, 2002 Liauningius Hong, 1982 Libanochlites Brundin, 1976 Libanodiamesa Veltz et al., 2007 Libanopelopia Veltz, Azar & Nel, 2007 Libanorthocladius Limaya Brundin, 1966 Limnophyes Eaton, 1875 Lindebergia Tuiskunen, 1984 Linevitshia Makarchenko, 1987 Lipiniella Shilova, 1961 Lipurometriocnemus Sæther, 1981 Lithotanytarsus Thienemann, 1933 Litocladius Mendes, Andersen & Sæther, 2004 Ljungneria Lobochironomus Ryser, Wulker & Scholl, 1985 Lobodiamesa Pagast, 1947 Lobomyia Niitsuma, 2007 Lobosmittia Sæther & Andersen, 1993 Lopescladius Lunditendipes Harrison, 2000 Lundstroemiella Kieffer, 1923 Lundstroemiola Kieffer, 1924 Lunstroemia Lutetialestes Lymnophyes Lyrocladius Mendes & Andersen, 2008 Macropelopia Thienemann, 1916 Madachironomus Andersen, 2016 Mailonia Kalugina, 1985 Manlayamyia Kalugina, 1980 马诺亚摇蚊属 Manoa Fittkau Manoa obscura Fittkau, 1963 Manoa pahayokeensis Jacobsen & Perry, 2002 Manoa tangae Andersen & Saether, 1997 仙居马诺亚摇蚊 Manoa xianjuensis Qi & Li, 2017 Maoridiamesa Pagast, 1947 Mapucheptagyia Willassen Mariambera Maricladius Sublette, 1970 Maryella Sublette & Wirth, 1980 Maurius Lehmann, 1981 Maximberus Andersen & Mendes, 2012 Mecaorus Sublette & Wirth, 1980 Megacentron Freeman, 1961 Meigen Meropelopia Roback, 1971 Mesoacentron Gilka, Zakrzewska, Lukashevich & Cranston, 2021 Mesocricotopus Brundin, 1956 Mesopelopia Kalugina, 1985 Mesopelopia Roback, 1971 Mesosmittia Metapelopia da Silva, Neubern de Oliveira & Trivinho-Strixino, 2014 Metriocnemis Metriocnemus Van der Wulp, 1874 Miambera Andersen & Mendes, 2012 Micotendipes 小摇蚊属 Microchironomus Kieffer, 1918 Microlenzia Kieffer, 1925 Micropelopia Thienemann & Zavrel, 1916 Micropsectra Kieffer, 1908 Microtendipes Microzetia Seguy, 1965 Miscellanea Zorina, 2000 Mogsonomus Kalugina, 1985 Molleriella Saether & Ekrem, 1999 Mongolchironomus Sasa & Suzuki, 1997 Mongolcladius Sasa & Suzuki, 1997 Mongolyusurika Sasa & Suzuki, 1997 Monodiamesa Kieffer, 1922 Monopelopia Monotanytarsus Kieffer, 1921 Murraycladius Ashe & O'Connor, 2007 Myanmaro Giłka, Makarchenko, Pankowski & Zakrzewska, 2019 Naelotanypus Roback, 1982 Nakataia Sublette & Wirth, 1980 Nandeva Wiedenbrug, Reiss & Fittkau, 1998 矮突摇蚊属 Nanocladius Kieffer, 1913 Naonella Booth, 1994 Nasuticladius Freeman, 1961 Natarsia Fittkau, 1962 Natvigia Kieffer, 1922 Neelamia Soponis, 1987 Neobrillia Kawai, 1991 Neopodonomus Chaudhuri & Ghosh, 1981 Neostempellina Reiss, 1984 Neozavrelia Goetghebuer, 1941 Nepalia Kieffer, 1911 Nesiocladius Sublette & Wirth, 1980 Nidnurbia Sawedal, 1982 Nilodorum Kieffer, 1921 Nilodosis Kieffer, 1921 Nilomyia Kieffer, 1921 Nilotanypus Kieffer, 1923 Nilothauma Kieffer, 1921 Nimbocera Reiss, 1972 Ninelia Makarchenko & Makarchenko, 2004 Nomochirus Collado, 1926 Nonella Nostococladius Ashe & Murray, 1980 Notocladius Harrison, 1997 Nubensia Spies, 2015 Ochlus Enderlein, 1912 Odontomesa Pagast, 1947 Okayamayusurika Sasa, 1989 Okinawayusurika Sasa & Hasegawa, 1988 Olecryptotendipes Zorina, 2007 Oleia Andersen & Mendes, 2007 Oliveiriella Wiedenbrug & Fittkau, 1997 Oliveridia Sæther, 1980 Omisus Townes, 1945 Onconeura Andersen & Sæther, 2005 Ophryophorus Freeman, 1959 Oreadomyia Kevan & Cutten-Ali-Khan, 1975 Oropuella Fasbender, 2020 Ortho GenusA Orthocladius Wulp, 1874 Ortroya Kieffer, 1921 Orusa Lin, 1980 Oryctochlus Kalugina, 1985 Oshia Oukuriella Epler, 1986,2013 Pachyuronympha Rodendorf, 1964 Pagastia Makarchenko, 2019 Pagastia Oliver, 1959 Pagastiella Brundin, 1949 Paggipelopia Paicheleria Azar & Nel, 2010 Palaeoboreochlus Baranov & Andersen, 2014 Palaeocentron Gilka, Zakrzewska, Lukashevich & Cranston, 2021 Palaeotanypus Palatovia Makarchenko & Semenchenko, 2020 Pamirocesa Koçak & Kemal, 2008 Paraboreochlus Thienemann, 1939 Paraborniella Freeman, 1961 Parachaetocladius Freeman, 1964 Parachaetocladius Wülker, 1959 Parachasmatonotus Doitteau & Nel, 2007 Parachironomus Paracladius Paracladopelma Harnisch, 1923 Paraclunio Kieffer, 1911 Paracricotopus Brundin, 1956 Paracricotopus Thienemann & Harnisch, 1932 Paradentipus Paradoxocladius Harrison, 2000 Paraheptagyia Brundin, 1966 Parakiefferiella Thienemann, 1936 Paralauterborniella Lenz, 1941 Paralimnophyes Brundin, 1956 Paramerina Fittkau, 1962 Parametriocnemus Goetghebuer, 1931 Paranilothauma Soponis, 1987 Parapelopia Roback, 1971 Parapentaneura Stur, Fittkau & da Silva Serrano, 2006 Paraphaenocladius Thienemann, 1924 Paraphrotenia Brundin, 1966 Parapotthasttia Parapsectra Reiss, 1969 Parapsectrocladius Cranston, 2000 Parapsectrocladius Playa Parartrichocladius Parasectra Paraskusella Cranston, 2018 Parasmittia Strenzke, 1950 Paratanypus Garrett, 1925 拟长跗摇蚊属 Paratanytarsus Paratendipes Kieffer, 1911，也拼作：Paratendipus Paratrichocladius Santo-Abreu, 1918，也拼作Paratrichlocladius Paratrissocladius Zavrel, 1937 Parochlus Enderlein, 1912 Parorthocladius Thienemann, 1935 Parvitergum Freeman, 1961 Paucispinigera Freeman, 1959 Paulfreemania Cranston & Krosch, 2011 Pebapomberus Mendes & Anderson, 2012 Pelomus Reiss, 1989 Pelopia Latreille, 1802 Pelopia Meigen, 1800 Pelopiina Statz, 1944 Pentaneura Philippi, 1865 Pentaneurella Fittkau & Murray, 1983 Pentapedilum Kieffer, 1913 Petalocladius Sublette & Wirth, 1972 Phaenopelma Kieffer, 1921 Phaenopsectra Kieffer, 1921 Physoneura Ferrington & Sæther, 1995 Phytochironomus Kieffer, 1921 Phytotelmatocladius Pirara Boothroyd & Cranston Platycladius Sublette, 1970 Platysmittia Saether, 1982 Plhudsonia Sæther, 1982 Ploegia Doitteau & Nel, 2007 Podochlus Brundin, 1966 Podomopsis Podonomius Kalugina, 1985 Podonomopsis Brundin, 1966 Podonomus Philippi, 1865 Pogonocladius Brundin, 1956 多足摇蚊属 Polypedilum Kieffer, 1912 Pontomyia Edwards, 1926 Potamoceroides Munier-Chalmas, 1901 Potthastia Kieffer, 1922 Probolum Prochironomus Kieffer, 1909 Procladius Prodiamesa Kieffer, 1906 Prolipiniella Doitteau & Nel, 2007 裸须摇蚊属 Propsilocerus Kieffer, 1923 Prorietha Prosmittia Brundin, 1956 Protanypus Kieffer, 1906 Protanytarsus Kieffer, 1921 Protenthes Johannsen, 1907 Protiethia Protobelgica Séguy, 1965 Protobibio Rodendorf, 1946 Psammathiomyia (Deby, 1899) Psectrocladius Kieffer, 1906 Psectrotanypus Kieffer, 1909 Pseudhydrobaenus Brèthes, 1913 Pseudobrillia Niitsuma, 1991 Pseudochasmatonotus Doitteau & Nel, 2007 假摇蚊属 Pseudochironomus Malloch, 1915 Pseudocricotopus Nishida, 1987 Pseudodiamesa Goetghebuer, 1939 Pseudokiefferiella Zavrel, 1941 Pseudorthocladius Goetghebuer, 1932 Pseudosmittia Psilochironomus Sublette, 1966 Psilometriocnemus Sæther, 1969 Pterosis Sublette & Wirth, 1980 Qiniella Wang & Sæther, 1998 Radotanypus Fittkau & Murray, 1985 Raphidocladius Sæther, 1983 Reissia Brundin, 1981 Reissmesa Ashe, 2000 Reomyia Roback, 1987 Rhagosmittia Ferrington & Saether, 2006 Rheochlus Brundin, 1966 趋流摇蚊属 Rheocricotopus Thienemann & Harnisch, 1932 Rheomus Laville & Reiss, 1988 Rheopelopia Fittkau, 1962 Rheosmittia Brundin, 1986 Rheotanytarsus Thienemann & Bause, 1913 Rhinocladius Edwards, 1931 Rhopalocladius Kieffer, 1911 Riethia Kieffer, 1917 Robackia Saether, 1977 Saetheria Jackson, 1977 Saetheriella Halvorsen, 1982 Saetherocladius Saetherocryptus Andersen & Mendes, 2007 Saetherolabis Andersen & Mendes, 2007 Saetheromyia Niitsuma, 2007 Saetherops Andersen & Mendes, 2007 Sasacricotopus Kobayashi & Sæther, 1999 Sasayusurika Makarchenko, 1993 Schineriella Murray & Fittkau, 1988 Semiocladius Sublette & Wirth, 1980 Sendelia Duisburg, 1868 Sendelia Meunier, 1899 Seppia Ekrem & Sæther, 2000 Sergentia Kieffer, 1922 Sergentina Setukoyusurika Sasa & Suzuki, 2000 Shangomyia Sæther & Wang, 1993 Shilovia Makartshenko, 1989 Shinanoyasurika Sasa & Hirabayashi, 1991 Shinlustia Kalugina, 1986 Sinaspinus Hong, 2002 Sinoryctochlus Zhang, 1991 Siolimyia Fittkau, 1968 Skusella Freeman, 1961 Skutzia Reiss, 1985 Smittia Holmgren, 1869 Spaniotoma Philippi, 1865 Spinitendipes Hong, 2002 Spinorthocladius Doitteau & Nel, 2007 Stackelbergina Shilova & Zelentsov, 1978 Stelechomyia (Reiss) Stempellina Thienemann & Bause, 1913 Stempellinella Brundin, 1947 狭摇蚊属 Stenochironomus Kieffer, 1919 Stenocladius Kieffer, 1918 Sticochironomus Stictochironomus Kieffer, 1919 Stictocladius Edwards, 1931 Stictotendipes Lenz, 1937 Stilocladius Rossaro, 1979 Stygocladius Moubayed-Breil, Ashe & Langton, 2012 Stylotanytarsus Kieffer, 1921 Sublettea Roback, 1975 Sublettiella Sæther, 1983 Sumatendipes Kikuchi & Sasa, 1990 Symbiocladius Kieffer, 1925 Sympotthastia Pagast, 1947 Syndiamesa Kieffer, 1918 Synendotendipes Grodhaus, 1987 Synoricotopus Synorthocladius Thienemann, 1935 Tanyarsus Tanypodites Kalugina, 1985 Tanypus Tanytarsus Van Der Wulp Tapajos Trivinho-Strixino, da Silva & de Oliveira, 2013 Tavastia Saether, 1992 Tavastia Tuiskunen, 1985 Telmatogeton Schiner, 1866 Telmatopelopia Fittkau, 1962 Telopelopia Roback, 1971 Tempisquitoneura Epler, 1995 Tendipopsis Hong & Wang, 1990 Tendipus Tenuigastrulus Hong, 2002 Tethymyia Wirth, 1949 Thalassomya Schiner, 1856 Thalassomyia (Schiner, 1856) Thalassosmittia (Strenzke & Remmert, 1957) Thienemannia Kieffer, 1909 提尼曼摇蚊属 Thienemanniella Thienemannimyia Fittkau, 1957 Thienemanniola Kieffer, 1921 Thienimanniella Tinactum Lin, 1980 Titimbera Tobachironomus Kikuchi & Sasa, 1990 Tokunagaia Goetghebuer, 1932 Tokunagaia Saether, 1973 Tokunagayusurika Sasa, 1978 Tokyobrillia Kobayashi & Sasa, 1991 Tonegayusurika Tonnoirocladius Cranston, 2007 Tophocladius Kalugina, 1985 Tosayusurika Sasa, Suzuki & Sakai, 1998 Townsia Sublette, 1966 Toyamayusurika Sasa & Kawai, 1987 Tribelos Townes, 1945 Trichochilus Sæther, 1985 Trichocladius Kieffer, 1906 Trichosmittia Yamamoto, 1999 Trichotanypus Kieffer, 1906 Trichotendipes Guha, Das, Chaudhuri & Choudhuri, 1985 Tripelma Kieffer, 1913 Trissocladius Kieffer, 1908 Trissopelopia Kieffer, 1923 Tritanytarsus Kieffer, 1921 Trondia Ferrington & Saether, 2006 Tsudayusurika Sasa, 1985 Tusimayusurika Sasa & Suzuki, 1999 Tvetenia Kieffer, 1922 Ubatubaneura Wiedenbrug & Trivinho-Strixino, 2009 Uirassubrillia Mendes, Andersen & Pinho, 2013 Ulaia Kalugina, 1985 Ulaimailia Kalugina, 1985 Ulaimailonia Kalugina, 1985 Ulaimailoniella Kalugina, 1985 Unniella Sæther, 1982 Usambaromyia Andersen & Sæther, 1994 Vertheia Viduata Lin, 1980 Virgatanytarsus Pinder, 1982 Vivacricotopus Schnell & Saether, 1988 Wadelius Veltz, Azar & Nel, 2007 Wirthiella Sublette, 1960 Wuelkerella Suárez & Sublette, 2012 Wulpiella Kieffer, 1899 Xenochironomus Kieffer, 1921 Xenopelopia Fittkau, 1962 Xenotanytarsus Kieffer, 1921 Xestochironomus Sublette & Wirth, 1972 Xestotendipes Harrison, 2000 Xiaomyia Sæther & Wang, 1993 Xylochironomus Cranston, 2006 Xylotopus Oliver Yaeprimus Sasa & Suzuki, 2000 Yaequartus Sasa & Suzuki, 2000 Yaequintus Sasa & Suzuki, 2000 Yaesecundus Sasa & Suzuki, 2000 Yaetanytarsus Sasa, 1990 Yaetertius Sasa & Suzuki, 2000 Yaethauma Yamamoto, Yamamoto & Tang, 2018 Yama Sublette & Martin, 1980 Yarrhpelopia Cranston, 2017 Yuasaiella Tokunaga, 1938 Zalutschia Lipina, 1939 Zavrelia Kieffer, 1913 Zavreliella Kieffer, 1920 Zavrelimyia Fittkau, 1962 Zavrelimyia Kittkau Zelandochlus Brundin, 1966 Zelentsoviella Krasheninnikov, 2019 Zhouomyia Sæther & Wang, 1993 Ziadeus Azar & Nel, 2010 Zuluchironomus Harrison, 2000 由于摇蚊幼虫对淡水水质变化敏感，常被视为监测淡水资源的重要指标生物。摇蚊幼虫能够消除水体中的有机物污染并促进有机物的矿化；然而由于摇蚊繁殖能力强，对水环境适应性高，幼虫大量繁殖时可能会污染供水系统。 摇蚊幼虫是鱼类的天然饵料，但某些种类对水稻等水生作物构成威胁，可能引发农作物灾害。 徐紫刚; 李传仁，王嘉鑫，余鹏，肖云丽，傅悦. 大别山地区摇蚊科昆虫多样性调查研究. 环境昆虫学报. 2024, (3): 606–615 [2024-09-12].  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助) Milner, Alexander. 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Exploring the utility of DNA barcoding in species delimitation of Polypedilum (Tripodura) non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae).. Zootaxa. 2016-02-16, 4079 (5): 534–50. PMID 27394207. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4079.5.2.  丁煌英; 宁鹏飞, 张庆, 李明会, 甘萍. 剑湖摇蚊幼虫的空间分布与水质评价. 水生态学杂志. 2017, 38 (3): 58–65 [2024-09-12]. doi:10.15928/j.1674-3075.2017.03.009.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助)