蘑菇科

蘑菇科（学名：Agaricaceae）又名伞菌科，是担子菌门伞菌目的一科，包含了伞菌属等合共85個屬、1340個品種。 白环蘑属（Leucoagaricus）跟白鬼伞属（Leucocoprinus）這兩個屬均已知與螞蟻共生。已灭绝的Coprinites属是化石记录中已知的四个agaricalean属之一。其他属还有 Aureofungus, Protomycena, 和 Archaeomarasmius等属。出自大西洋沿海平原的Archaeomarasmius leggeti琥珀为 90–94Ma（百万年）前的；其他化石属出自多米尼加琥珀，也可追溯到15-20 Ma前。 本科現時包括下列物種： 无口腹菌属 Abstoma G.H.Cunningham, 1926 Acutocapillitium P.Ponce de León Agaricites Meschinelli, 1891 伞菌属 Agaricus Linnaeus, 1753 Allopsalliota Nauta & Bas Arachnion Schwein. Arachniopsis W.H.Long, 1917 Arachniopsis albicans Long, 1917 Araneosa W.H.Long, 1941 Asperosporus Karlsen-Ayala, Gazis & M.E.Sm., 2021 Asperosporus subterraneus Karlsen-Ayala, Gazis & M.E.Sm., 2021 Attamyces H.Kreisel, 1972 Barcheria T.Lebel, 2004 Batarrea Persoon, 1801 Battareopsis Hennings, 1902 Battarraeoides Battarrea Pers. Battarreoides T.Herrera, 1953 灰球菌屬 Bovistina Calbovista Morse, 1935 Calvatiopsis Hollós, 1929 Catastoma Cauloglossum Cercopemyces T.J.Baroni, Kropp & V.S.Evenson, 2014 露伞属 Chamaemyces Battarra ex Earle Chlamydopus Speg., 1898 Chlorolepiota A.V.Sathe & S.D.Deshpande, 1979 青褶伞属 Chlorophyllum Massee 绿褶托菇属 Clarkeinda Kuntze Clavogaster Henn., 1896 粉尘环柄菇属 Coniolepiota Vellinga, 2011 Constricta R.Heim & L.M.Meléndez-Howell, 1965 Coprinites Poinar & Singer, 1990 鬼伞属 Coprinus Pers., 1797 Crucispora E.Horak, 1971 Cryptolepiota B.R.Kropp & J.M.Trappe, 2012 黑蛋巢菌属 Cyathus Haller, 1768 囊皮菌属 Cystoderma S.Imai, 1938 小囊皮菌属 Cystodermella Harmaja 囊小伞属 Cystolepiota Singer Dictyocephalos Underw. ex V.S.White, 1901 脱顶马勃属 Disciseda Czern., 1845 鳞环柄菇属 Echinoderma (Bon) Bon Endolepiotula Singer, 1963 Endoptychum Czern. Eriocybe Vellinga, 2011 卷毛菇属 Floccularia Pouzar Gasterellopsis J.B.Routien, 1940 Gigasperma E.Horak, 1971 Glyptoderma R.Heim & Perreau-Bertrand, 1971 Gyrophragmium Mont. Hebolomatis Earle, 1909 Hiatulopsis Singer & Grinling Holocotylon Lloyd, 1906 层蘑菇属 Hymenagaricus Heinem., 1981 Hypogaea E.Horak, 1964 Janauaria Singer Japonogaster Y.Kobayasi, 1989 环柄菇属 Lepiota P.Browne, 1756 白环蘑属 Leucoagaricus Locq. ex Singer, 1948 白鬼伞属 Leucocoprinus Pat., 1888 白鳞伞属 Leucopholiota (Romagn.) O.K.Mill., T.J.Volk & Bessette Leucopholiota decorosa (Peck) O.K.Mill., T.J.Volk & Bessette Leucopholiota lignicola (P.Karst.) Harmaja Longula Zeller, 1945 网纹马勃属 Lycoperdon Pers. Lycoperdopsis P.C.Hennings, 1900 大环柄菇属 Macrolepiota Singer Mastocephalus O.Kuntze ex F.S.Earle, 1909 Melanophyllum Velen. Metraria M.C.Cooke & Massee, 1891 Metrodia J.Raithelhuber, 1971 小腹蕈属 Micropsalliota Höhn. 蒙氏假菇属 Montagnea Fr. Montagnites Morobia Mycenastrum Desv. 被钵菌属 Mycocalia J.T.Palmer Neosecotium R.Singer & A.H.Smith, 1960 红蛋巢菌属 Nidula V.S.White, 1902 鸟巢菌属 Nidularia Fr., 1817 Notholepiota E.Horak, 1971 Panaeolopsis Singer Phaeopholiota M.V.Locquin & B.M.Sarwal, 1983 Phellorinia Berk. Phlebonema R.Heim, 1929 Phyllogaster D.N.Pegler, 1969 轴灰包属 Podaxis Desv. Polyplocium Pratella (Pers.) Gray Psalliota (Fr.) P.Kumm., 1871 Pseudoauricularia Y.Kobayasi, 1982 Pseudolepiota Queletia Fr. Rhacophyllus M.J.Berkeley & Broome, 1871 岸生小菇属 Ripartitella Singer Rugosospora Heinem. Scaphophorum Ehrenberg ex Wallroth, 1833 Schinzinia Fayod, 1889 Schizostoma Ehrenb. ex Lév. Schulzeria Bres. & Schulzer Secotium Kunze Sericeomyces Heinem. Singerina A.V.Sathe & S.Deshpande, 1981 Smithiogaster J.E.Wright, 1975 史密斯菇属 Smithiomyces Singer, 1944 Sphaerocybis F.E.Clements, 1909 Stellifera Leman, 1824 Termiticola E.Horak, 1979 柄灰包属 Tulostoma Pers., 1794 Utraria (Quélet) Jeppson & E.Larsson, 2007 Verrucospora E.Horak, 1967 Volvolepiota Singer 黄蘑菇属 (Heinem.) Little Flower, Hosag. & T.K.Abraham, 1997 Xerocoprinus R.Maire, 1907 Poinar, G.; Singer, R. Upper Eocene gilled mushroom from the Dominican Republic. Science. 1990, 248 (4959): 1099–1101. PMID 17733372. doi:10.1126/science.248.4959.1099.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助) Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA. Dictionary of the Fungi. 10th ed. Wallingford: CABI. 2008: 11. ISBN 0-85199-826-7.  B. Hölldobler & E.O. Wilson. The superorganism: the beauty, elegance, and strangeness of insect societies. New York NY: W. W. Norton & Company. 2009.  hibbet, D.S.; et al. Another Fossil Agaric from Dominican Amber. Mycologia. 2003, 95 (4): 685–687. JSTOR 3761943. doi:10.2307/3761943.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助) Hibbett DS, Binder M, Wang Z. Another fossil agaric from Dominican Amber. Mycologia. 2003, 95 (4): 685–7. JSTOR 3761943. PMID 21148976. doi:10.2307/3761943.  维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：蘑菇科