椎實螺屬

椎實螺屬（學名：Lymnaea）是一個小型到中型的會呼吸空氣的淡水螺的屬，皆為水生有肺類腹足綱軟體動物，屬於椎實螺科。在北美洲，本屬的部分物種在水產業會以「墨兰托螺」的名義發售。本屬亦是椎實螺科的模式屬。 以下為部分椎實螺屬的物種： Lymnaea acuminata Lymnaea atkaensis Dall, 1884 - frigid lymnaea Lymnaea cailliaudi Lymnaea fusca (C. Pfeiffer, 1821) Lymnaea fragilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Lymnaea meridensis Bargues, Artigas & Mas-Coma, 2011 静水椎实螺 Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758)：模式種 Lymnaea taurica (Clessin, 1880) Lymnaea taurica kazakensis Mozley, 1934 Lymnaea tomentosa Pfeiffer, 1855 Lymnaea tomentosa hamiltoni Dell, 1956 Lymnaea vulnerata Küster, 1862 同種異名： Lymnaea (Stagnicola): synonym of Stagnicola Jeffreys, 1830 Lymnaea arctica Lea, 1864: synonym of Stagnicola arctica (Lea, 1864) Lymnaea aruntalis Cotton & Godfrey, 1938: synonym of Austropeplea tomentosa (L. Pfeiffer, 1855) Lymnaea auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758)：Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758)的同種異名。 Lymnaea bulimoides Lea, 1841: synonym of Sphaerogalba bulimoides (Lea, 1841) Lymnaea bulla Kobelt, 1881: synonym of Cerasina bulla (Kobelt, 1881) Lymnaea catascopium Say, 1816: synonym of Stagnicola catascopium (Say, 1816) Lymnaea catascopium Say, 1817: synonym of Ladislavella catascopium (Say, 1817) Lymnaea chereshnevi Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989 : synonym of Radix chereshnevi (Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989) Lymnaea columella: synonym of Pseudosuccinea columella Lymnaea cousini: synonym of Galba cousini Lymnaea cubensis is a synonyms of Galba cubensis Lymnaea diaphana King [in King & Broderip], 1832: synonym of Pectinidens diaphanus (King [in King & Broderip], 1832) Lymnaea elodes Say, 1821: synonym of Ladislavella elodes (Say, 1821) Lymnaea emarginata Say, 1821: synonym of Ladislavella emarginata (Say, 1821) Lymnaea gebleri Middendorff, 1851: synonym of Radix gebleri (Middendorff, 1851) Lymnaea gracilis Jay, 1839: synonym of Acella haldemani (Binney, 1867) Lymnaea hadutkae Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989: synonym of Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758) Lymnaea haldemani Binney, 1867: synonym of Acella haldemani (Binney, 1867) Lymnaea heptapotamica Lazareva, 1967: synonym of Orientogalba hookeri (Reeve, 1850) Lymnaea hookeri Reeve, 1850: synonym of Orientogalba hookeri (Reeve, 1850) Lymnaea involuta Thompson, 1840: synonym of Myxas glutinosa (O. F. Müller, 1774) Lymnaea luteola：是synonym of Radix luteola Lymnaea magadanensis Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1985: synonym of Pacifimyxas magadanensis (Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1985) Lymnaea megasoma Say, 1824: synonym of Bulimnea megasoma (Say, 1824) Lymnaea natalensis：是synonym of Radix natalensis Lymnaea neotropica Bargues et al., 2007：是 synonym of Galba neotropica Lymnaea ovata: synonym of Radix ovata Lymnaea palustris (O. F. Müller, 1774): synonym of Stagnicola palustris (O. F. Müller, 1774) Lymnaea parva I. Lea, 1841: synonym of Fossaria parva (I. Lea, 1841) Lymnaea peculiaris Hubendick, 1951: synonym of Limnobulla peculiaris (Hubendick, 1951) Lymnaea peregra (O. F. Müller, 1774): synonym of Radix peregra (O. F. Müller, 1774) - wandering snail Lymnaea rubella Lea, 1841: synonym of Pseudisidora rubella (Lea, 1841) Lymnaea rubiginosa Michelin, 1831: synonym of Radix rubiginosa (Michelin, 1831) Lymnaea schelechovi Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989: synonym of Radix schelechovi'' (Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989) Lymnaea thermokamtschatica Kruglov & Starobogatov, 1989: synonym of Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758) Lymnaea truncatula (O. F. Müller, 1774): synonym of Galba truncatula (O. F. Müller, 1774) Lymnaea vahlii Möller, 1842: synonym of Walhiana vahlii (Möller, 1842) Limnaea viatrix: synonym of Galba viatrix † Lymnaea (Galba) kreutzii var. subfusca Łomnicki, 1886 : synonym of † Stagnicola kreutzii (Łomnicki, 1886) Lamarck J. B. P. A. de Monet de. Prodrome d'une nouvelle classification des coquilles, comprenant une rédaction appropriée des caractères génériques, et l'établissement d'un grand nombre de genres nouveaux [一種新的貝殼分類的前驅，包括通用特徵的適當寫法、以及多個新屬的建立]. Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris 1 [an VII] (Paris, France). 1799: 63–91, 1 tableau. （法语）.  Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G. Lymnaea Lamarck, 1799. WoRMS. 2013 [2013-06-06].  Aquaculture Law Digest (PDF). Ohio Department of Natural Resources (undated). [2014-01-04]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2017-01-24） （英语）.  Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814.  Species name begins with: LYMNAEA. AnimalBase. [2017-03-29] （英语）.  Bargues, M. D.; Artigas, P.; Khoubbane, M.; Mas-Coma, S. DNA sequence characterisation and phylogeography of Lymnaea cousini and related species, vectors of fascioliasis in northern Andean countries, with description of L. meridensis n. sp. (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae). Parasites & Vectors. 2011, 4: 132. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-132 （英语）.  Vinarski, M. V.; Schniebs, K.; Glöer, P.; Son, M. O.; Hundsdoerfer, A. K. The steppe relics: taxonomic study on two lymnaeid species endemic to the former USSR (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Lymnaeidae). Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 2012-06-01, 141 (1): 67–85 [2017-03-10]. doi:10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/067-085. （原始内容存档于2018-06-02） （英语）.  Correa, A. C.; Escobar, J. S.; Durand, P.; Renaud, F. O.; David, P.; Jarne, P.; Pointier, J. P.; Hurtrez-Boussès, S. Bridging gaps in the molecular phylogeny of the Lymnaeidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), vectors of Fascioliasis. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2010, 10: 381. PMC 3013105 . PMID 21143890. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-381.  Bargues, M. D.; Artigas, P.; Mera y Sierra, R. L.; Pointier, J. P.; Mas-Coma, S. Characterisation of Lymnaea cubensis, L. Viatrix and L. Neotropica n. Sp., the main vectors of Fasciola hepatica in Latin America, by analysis of their ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA. Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology. 2007, 101 (7): 621–641. PMID 17877881. doi:10.1179/136485907X229077.