腔室症候群

腔室症候群是對肢體、生命產生威脅的一種狀況，是由於身體某部位神經、血管及肌肉在一個封閉的空間（腔室）中受到壓迫。起因於腔室中升高的壓力，造成血管灌流不足，導致組織缺氧而壞死。腔室症候群最常發生在前臂及小腿， 並可分成急性、亞急性及慢性腔室症候群。根據蘭金（Rankin, 1981）的定義，腔室症候群的起因是一個密閉空間中的壓力，使得該空間的循環及組織功能的受到阻礙。 因為組成腔室的結締組織延展性降低使得流經該腔室的血流量減少，或是由於腔室中肌肉的腫脹造成腔室中壓力的劇烈升高。常造成腔室症候群的原因包括脛骨或前臂骨折，由於組織的傷害、出血、血管穿刺、靜脈藥物注射，長時間固定、肢體的壓迫，粉碎性的傷害及燒燙傷造成的再灌注性損傷。 另一個可能的原因是由於服用肌氨酸，有研究指出服用肌氨酸的病史與腔室症候群有一定關係。 存档副本. [2011-12-28]. （原始内容存档于2011-09-04）.  Medline Plus. URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001224.htm （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Accessed 23 December 2009 Konstantakos EK, Dalstrom DJ, Nelles ME, Laughlin RT, Prayson MJ. Diagnosis and management of extremity compartment syndromes: an orthopaedic perspective. Am Surg. December 2007, 73 (12): 1199–209. PMID 18186372.  Maerz L, Kaplan LJ. Abdominal compartment syndrome. Crit. Care Med. April 2008, 36 (4 Suppl): S212–5. PMID 18382196. doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e318168e333. （原始内容存档于2018-10-01）.  Potteiger JA, Carper MJ, Randall JC, Magee LJ, Jacobsen DJ, Hulver MW. Changes in Lower Leg Anterior Compartment Pressure Before, During, and After Creatine Supplementation (PDF). J Athl Train. June 2002, 37 (2): 157–163. PMC 164339 . PMID 12937429. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2008-12-17）.  Hile AM, Anderson JM, Fiala KA, Stevenson JH, Casa DJ, Maresh CM. Creatine supplementation and anterior compartment pressure during exercise in the heat in dehydrated men. J Athl Train. 2006, 41 (1): 30–5. PMC 1421498 . PMID 16619092.  Floyd R. and Thompson C. Manual of Structural Kinesiology 17th Ed., McCrawHill. ISBN 978-0-07-337643-1 Blackman, Paul G.. "A review of chronic exertional compartment syndrome in the lower leg." Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 32.3 (supp): S4-S10. Hamill, J and Knutzem KM. Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement, 3rd Ed. Lippincott Williams&Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-9128-1 Leung, Y.F., Ip, S.P., Chung, O.M., Wai, Y.L., (2003, June). Unimuscular neuromuscular insult of the leg in partial anterior compartment syndrome in a patient with combined fractures. Hong Kong Medical Journal, 9. Rankin, E.A., Andrews, G. (1981, December). Anterior tibial compartmental syndrome: an unusual presentation. Journal of the National Medical Association, 73. Rorabeck, C.H., (1984, January). The treatment of compartment syndromes of the leg. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-British, 66-B. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20110724152659/http://web.jbjs.org.uk/cgi/content/abstract/66-B/1/93 Shadgan, B., et. al. (2010, October). Current thinking about acute compartment syndrome of the lower extremity, Canadian Journal of Surgery, 53. Shears, E., Porter, K. (2006). Acute compartment syndrome of the limb. Trauma, 8. Touliopolous, S., Hershman, E.B., (1999, March). Lower leg pain: diagnosis and treatment of compartment syndromes and other pain syndromes of the leg. Sports Medicine, 27. Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome detailed at MayoClinic.com （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 杜克大学医学中心整形外科計畫中的Compartment syndrome 05-062a. at Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy（英语：Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy） Home Edition Fasciotomy, Chronic Venous Insufficiency, and the Calf Muscle Pump （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Compartment syndrome Saphenous nerve injury after fasciotomy for compartment syndrome （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） American Association of Orthopaedic Surgeons Compartment Syndrome （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）