Α-辅肌动蛋白2

α-辅肌动蛋白2（英語：Alpha-actinin-2）是一种蛋白质，在人类中由ACTN2基因编码。该基因编码一种在骨骼肌和心肌中表达的α-辅肌动蛋白异构体，其功能是将肌原纤维肌动蛋白细丝和肌联蛋白锚定到Z盘上。 α-辅肌动蛋白2是一种103.8kDa的蛋白质，由894个氨基酸组成。每个分子都是棒状的（长度为35nm），并且以反平行的方式同源二聚化。每个单体都有一个N端肌动蛋白结合区，由两个钙调理蛋白同源结构域、两个C端EF手结构域和四个串联血影蛋白样重复序列组成，形成分子中心区域的杆状结构域。 人类α-辅肌动蛋白2在3.5Å处的高分辨率晶体结构最近得到解决。α辅肌动蛋白属于血影蛋白基因超家族，它代表一组不同的肌动蛋白结合细胞骨架蛋白，包括血影蛋白、抗肌萎缩蛋白、肌营养相关蛋白和丝束蛋白。骨骼肌、心脏和平滑肌亚型定位于Z盘和类似的致密体，它们有助于锚定肌原纤维肌动蛋白丝。α-肌动蛋白2已被证明与KCNA5、DLG1、DISC1、MYOZ1、GRIN2B、ADAM12、ACTN3、MYPN、PDLIM3、PKN、MYOT、TTN、NMDAR、SYNPO2、LDB3、和MYOZ1产生相互作用。 α-辅肌动蛋白2的主要功能是在Z盘上交联丝状肌动蛋白分子和来自相邻肌小节的肌联蛋白分子，该功能受磷脂调节。从汉普顿等人的研究中可以清楚地看出，这种交联可以呈现多种构象，偏好60°和120°的角度。α-辅肌动蛋白2还在Z盘上的对接信号分子中发挥作用，另外的研究还表明α-辅肌动蛋白2与心脏离子通道的结合有关，尤其是Kv1.5。 ACTN2的突变与肥厚型心肌病、扩张型心肌病和心内膜弹力纤维增生症有关。α-辅肌动蛋白2的不同功能反映在携带ACTN2突变的患者的不同临床表现中。 與Α-辅肌动蛋白2相關的疾病；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.  GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000077522 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000052374 - Ensembl, May 2017 Human PubMed Reference:. 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