收获蚁属

收获蚁属（学名：Messor）又称收割家蚁属，是蚁科、切叶蚁亚科的一个属，该属有着100多个成员，命名方式源自罗马神话中的农作物和收获之神梅索尔（Messor）。地下群落通常分布在空旷的田野和路边附近，开口直接通向地面。 该属物种的群落可达到很大的规模，并以其设计精巧的粮仓而闻名。在粮仓中，种子被储存在干燥的环境中，以防止发芽。收获蚁的结构巢穴非常复杂，总体而言，该属物种有着很强大的建筑能力。 收获蚁有很多种分化，并且具有独特的大头特化，它们的作用是搬运种子以及开种子。虽然它们主要以种子为食，但偶尔也会吃虫肉。一些蜗牛壳可能因为其形状像谷物而被带入巢穴。 收获蚁具有坚韧、光滑的几丁质外骨骼。行动缓慢，形成长长的携带种子的通道。收获蚁往往是单后制的，一个群落仅由一位蜂后建立，但在人为的环境下，收获蚁可以变成多后群落，但这往往会有蚁后死亡的风险。 以沙地收获蚁（Messor arenarius）为例，与其他类型的收割蚁一样，它们在寻找食物来源时会释放追踪信息素，并在个体层面上进行操作。 该属包括一下物种： Messor abdelazizi Santschi, 1921 针毛收获蚁 Messor aciculatus (Smith, 1874) 上海收获蚁 Messor aciculatus subsp. risianus 埃及收获蚁 Messor aegyptiacus (Emery, 1878) Messor alexandri Tohme, 1981 Messor mediorubra Messor andrei (Mayr, 1886) 角收获蚁 Messor angularis Santschi, 1928 小肯尼亚收获蚁 Messor antennatus Emery, 1908 Messor aphaenogasteroides Pisarski, 1967 Messor aralocaspius Ruzsky, 1902 沙地收获蚁 Messor arenarius (Fabricius, 1787) 沙地收获蚁阿氏亚种 Messor arenarius alfierii Santschi,1938 Messor atanassovii Atanassov, 1982 野蛮收获蚁 Messor barbarus（英语：Messor barbarus） (Linnaeus, 1767) 原生收获蚁、芭芭拉收获蚁 野蛮收获蚁五倍子亚种 Messor barbarus gallaoides Santschi, 1929 野蛮收获蚁光滑亚种 Messor barbarus politus Karavaiev, 1912 野蛮收获蚁血胸亚种 Messor barbarusmediosanguineus Donisthorpe, 1946 Messor beduinus Emery, 1922 Messor berbericus Bernard, 1955 Messor bernardi Cagniant, 1967 Messor bouvieri Bondroit, 1918 Messor buettikeri Collingwood, 1985 Messor caducus (Victor, 1839) 开普敦收获蚁 Messor capensis (Mayr, 1862) Messor plinii 大头收获蚁 Messor capitatus（英语：Messor capitatus） (Latreille, 1798) Messor carthaginensis Bernard, 1980 Messor caviceps (Forel, 1902) Messor celiae Reyes, 1985 巨首收获蚁 Messor cephalotes（英语：Messor cephalotes） (Emery, 1895) 肯尼亚收获蚁 Messor ceresis Santschi, 1934 Messor chamberlini Wheeler, 1915 Messor clypeatus Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927 Messor muticus (Nylander, 1849) Messor collingwoodi Bolton, 1982 Messor concolor Santschi, 1927 Messor decipiens Santschi, 1917 Messor dentatus Santschi, 1927 Messor denticornis Forel, 1910 Messor denticulatus Santschi, 1927 Messor arcistriatus Messor diabarensis Arnol'di, 1969 Messor ebeninus Santschi, 1927 Messor hesperius Santschi, 1927 移动收获蚁 Messor excursionis Ruzsky, 1905 Messor ferreri Collingwood, 1993 Messor foreli Santschi, 1923 Messor fraternus Ruzsky, 1905 没食子收获蚁 Messor galla (Mayr, 1904) Messor ebininus Santschi 希伯来收获蚁 Messor hebraeus Santschi, 1927 Messor hellenius Agosti & Collingwood, 1987 Messor himalayanus (Forel, 1902) Messor hispanicus Santschi, 1919 Messor ibericus Santschi, 1931 Messor incisus Stitz, 1923 Messor incorruptus Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929 无刺收获蚁 Messor inermis Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929 Messor instabilis (Smith, 1858) Messor intermedius Santschi, 1927 Messor julianus (Pergande, 1894) Messor kasakorum Arnol'di, 1969 克孜勒库姆收获蚁 Messor kisilkumensis Arnol'di, 1969 Messor lamellicornis Arnol'di, 1968 Messor lariversi (Smith, 1951) Messor kazakorum Arnoldi, 1969 Messor lobicornis Forel, 1894 Messor lobognathus Andrews, 1916 Messor luebberti Forel, 1910 Messor luridus Santschi, 1927 Messor eglalae Sharaf 葡萄牙收获蚁 Messor lusitanicus Tinaut, 1985 Messor maculifrons Santschi, 1927 Messor mcarthuri Messor marikovskii Arnol'di, 1969 Messor marocanus Santschi, 1927 Messor medioruber Santschi, 1910 Messor melancholicus Arnol'di, 1977 小收获蚁 minor (Andre, 1883) 小收获蚁卡普里亚种 Messor minor capreensis Santschi, 1927 小收获蚁卡拉布里亚亚种 Messor minor calabricus Santschi, 1927 小收获蚁西方亚种 Messor minor hesperius Santschi, 1927 小收获蚁摩尔亚种 Messor minor maurus Barquin, 1981 Messor turcmenochorassanicus Arnol'di, 1977 Messor nahali Tohme, 1981 Messor niloticus Santschi, 1938 Messor oertzeni Forel, 1910 Messor olegianus Arnol'di, 1969 Messor orientalis (Emery, 1898) Messor perantennatus Arnol'di, 1969 Messor pergandei（英语：Messor pergandei） (Mayr, 1886) Messor piceus Stitz, 1923 着色收获蚁 Messor picturatus Santschi, 1927 Messor planiceps Stitz, 1917 Messor postpetiolatus Santschi, 1917 王者收获蚁 Messor regalis (Emery, 1892) Messor reticuliventris Karavaiev, 1910 Messor rufotestaceus (Foerster, 1850) Messor rufus Santschi, 1923 红结收获蚁 Messor ruginodis Stitz, 1916 Messor rugosus (Andre, 1881) Messor sanctus Emery, 1921 Messor aciculatus (Smith, 1874) Messor sculpturatus Carpenter, 1930 Messor semirufus (Andre, 1883) Messor semoni (Forel, 1906) Messor smithi (Cole, 1963) Messor sordidus (Forel, 1892) Messor stoddardi (Emery, 1895) 条纹收获蚁 Messor striatellus Arnol'di, 1969 Messor creticus Salata & Borowiec, 2019 Messor striaticeps (Andre, 1883) Messor striatifrons Stitz, 1923 Messor striativentris Emery, 1908 工匠收获蚁 Messor structor (Latreille, 1798) 亚细节收获蚁 Messor subgracilinodis Arnol'di, 1969 Messor sultanus Santschi, 1917 Messor syriacus Tohme, 1969 Messor testaceus Donisthorpe, 1950 Messor timidus (Espadaler, 1997) 热带收获蚁 Messor tropicorum Wheeler, 1922 Messor turcmenochorassanicus Arnol'di, 1977 强壮收获蚁 Messor valentinae Arnol'di, 1969 Messor variabilis Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927 Messor vaucheri Emery, 1908 Messor vicinus Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1927 沃斯曼收获蚁 Messor wasmanni Krausse, 1910  Messor minor x cf. wasmanni (Interspecific hybrid) Messor hismai Collingwood & Agosti, 1996 Messor hodnii Barech, Khaldi, Espadaler & Cagniant, 2020 Messor spec Santschi, 1927 Messor erectus Bolton, B. 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