長腳家蟻屬

長腳家蟻屬 (Aphaenogaster ) 為家蟻亞科。共 205 個現生物種，19 個化石物種。除了哥倫比亞南部、撒哈拉以南非洲和南極洲以外世界廣布。 有些物種會和大頭家蟻屬和寡家蟻屬搞混。但大頭家蟻和寡家蟻有兵蟻，而長腳家蟻沒有。大頭家蟻的觸角有三節鞭垂節，長腳家蟻有四節，且體型較大。寡家蟻觸角 11 節，長腳家蟻 12 節。 澳洲的物種會築很顯眼的巢。出入口呈漏斗形，直徑可達 4 公分，因此得名漏斗蟻 (funnel ants)。蟻巢會對高爾夫球場、牧場、機場造成危害，因為被築巢的區域結構脆弱，容易崩塌。但長腳家蟻築巢的習性對生態系很重要，可以對土壤進行生物擾動，促進土壤中的養分流動。 長腳家蟻的主食可能是植物根部的蚜蟲分泌的蜜露，這可以解釋為什麼很少在地表上見到工蟻，漏斗形的蟻巢出入口可能可以用作補食節肢動物的陷阱。 本属包括以下物种： Aphaenogaster aciculata F.Sm. Aphaenogaster acuta Aphaenogaster aktaci Kiran & Tezcan, 2008 Aphaenogaster albisetosa Mayr, 1886 Aphaenogaster amphioceanica de Andrade, 1995 Aphaenogaster annandalei Mukerjee, 1930 Aphaenogaster antiqua Dlussky, 2002 Aphaenogaster arachnoides Aphaenogaster araneoides Emery, 1890 Aphaenogaster ashmeadi Emery, 1895 Aphaenogaster atlantis Santschi, 1929 Aphaenogaster avita Fujiyama, 1970 Aphaenogaster azteca J.Enzmann, 1947 Aphaenogaster balcanica (Emery, 1898) Aphaenogaster baogong Terayama, 2009 Aphaenogaster barbara L. Aphaenogaster barbigula Wheeler, 1916 Aphaenogaster baronii Cagniant, 1988 Aphaenogaster beccarii Emery, 1887 Aphaenogaster beesoni Donisthorpe, 1933 Aphaenogaster belti Forel, 1895 Aphaenogaster bidentatus Aphaenogaster boulderensis Smith, 1941 Aphaenogaster burri (Donisthorpe, 1950) Aphaenogaster caeciliae Viehmeyer, 1922 Aphaenogaster campana Emery, 1878 Aphaenogaster capensis Mayr Aphaenogaster cardenai Espadaler, 1981 Aphaenogaster carolinensis Aphaenogaster cavernicola Donisthorpe, 1938 Aphaenogaster cecconii Emery, 1894 Aphaenogaster charesi Salata & Borowiec, 2016 Aphaenogaster clavata Aphaenogaster cockerelli Andre, 1893 Aphaenogaster cristata (Forel, 1902) Aphaenogaster crocea Andre, 1881 Aphaenogaster curiosa Santschi, 1933 Aphaenogaster dejeani Cagniant, 1982 Aphaenogaster depilis Santschi, 1911 Aphaenogaster depressa Bolton, 1995 Aphaenogaster dlusskyana Radchenko & Perkovsky, 2016 Aphaenogaster dlusskyi Radchenko & Arakelian, 1991 Aphaenogaster donisthorpei Carpenter, 1930 Aphaenogaster dromedaria (Emery, 1900) Aphaenogaster dulcineae Emery, 1924 Aphaenogaster dulciniae Emery, 1924 Aphaenogaster ensifera Forel, 1899 Aphaenogaster enspelensis Jessen, 2020 Aphaenogaster epirotes (Emery, 1915) Aphaenogaster equestris Borowiec & Salata, 2014 Aphaenogaster espadaleri Cagniant, 1984 Aphaenogaster exasperata Wheeler, 1921 Aphaenogaster fabulosa Arnol'di, 1968 Aphaenogaster fallax Cagniant, 1992 Aphaenogaster famelica (Smith, 1874) Aphaenogaster faureli Cagniant, 1969 Aphaenogaster feae Emery, 1889 Aphaenogaster fengbo Terayama, 2009 Aphaenogaster festae Emery, 1915 Aphaenogaster finzii Mueller, 1921 Aphaenogaster fiorii Emery, 1915 Aphaenogaster flemingi Smith, 1928 Aphaenogaster floridana Smith, 1941 Aphaenogaster friederichsi Forel, 1918 Aphaenogaster fulva Roger, 1863 Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa Naka & Maruyama, 2018 Aphaenogaster geei Wheeler, 1921 Aphaenogaster gemella (Roger, 1862) Aphaenogaster georgica Arnol'di, 1968 Aphaenogaster gibbosa (Latreille, 1798) Aphaenogaster gigantea Collingwood, 1962 Aphaenogaster gonacantha (Emery, 1899) Aphaenogaster graeca Schulz, 1994 Aphaenogaster haarlovi Collingwood, 1961 Aphaenogaster hesperia Santschi, 1911 Aphaenogaster holtzi (Emery, 1898) Aphaenogaster honduriana Mann, 1922 Aphaenogaster huachucana Creighton, 1934 湖南长脚家蚁 Aphaenogaster hunanensis Wu & Wang, 1992 Aphaenogaster iberica Emery, 1908 Aphaenogaster ichnusa Santschi, 1925 Aphaenogaster illyrica Bračko, Lapeva-Gjonova, Salata, Borowiec & Polak, 2019 Aphaenogaster inermita Bolton, 1995 Aphaenogaster ionia Santschi, 1933 Aphaenogaster isekram Bernard, 1977 Aphaenogaster italica Bondroit, 1918 Aphaenogaster januschevi Arnol'di, 1976 Aphaenogaster japonica Aphaenogaster jolantae Borowiec & Salata, 2014 Aphaenogaster kervillei Forel, 1910 Aphaenogaster kimberleyensis Aphaenogaster kurdica Ruzsky, 1905 Aphaenogaster laevior Emery, 1887 Aphaenogaster lamellidens Mayr, 1886 Aphaenogaster lateralis Aphaenogaster ledouxi Tohme, 1969 Aphaenogaster lepida Wheeler, 1930 Aphaenogaster lesbica Forel, 1913 Aphaenogaster livida (Heer, 1850) Aphaenogaster longaeva (Scudder, 1877) Aphaenogaster longiceps (Smith, 1858) Aphaenogaster (Ischnomyrmex) longipes Sm. Aphaenogaster loriai (Emery, 1897) Aphaenogaster lustrans Smith, 1961 Aphaenogaster lykiaensis Borowiec & Salata, 2014 Aphaenogaster maculata Theobald, 1937 Aphaenogaster maculifrons Kiran & Aktac, 2008 Aphaenogaster maculipes Theobald, 1937 Aphaenogaster mariae Forel, 1886 Aphaenogaster mayri Carpenter, 1930 Aphaenogaster mediterrae Aphaenogaster megommata Smith, 1963 Aphaenogaster mersa Wheeler, 1915 Aphaenogaster messoroides Dlussky, 1990 Aphaenogaster mexicana (Pergande, 1896) Aphaenogaster miamiana Wheeler, 1932 Aphaenogaster miniata Cagniant, 1990 Aphaenogaster muelleriana Wolf, 1915 Aphaenogaster mutica Pergande, 1896 Aphaenogaster nadigi Santschi, 1923 Aphaenogaster nana Wheeler, 1932 Aphaenogaster obsidiana Mayr, 1861 西方长脚家蚁 Aphaenogaster occidentalis (Emery, 1895) Aphaenogaster oligocenica Wheeler, 1915 Aphaenogaster olympica Borowiec & Salata, 2014 Aphaenogaster osimensis Teranishi, 1940 Aphaenogaster ovaticeps (Emery, 1898) Aphaenogaster pallescens Walker, 1871 Aphaenogaster pallida (Nylander, 1849) Aphaenogaster pannonica Bachmayer, 1960 Aphaenogaster patruelis Forel, 1886 Aphaenogaster perplexa Smith, 1961 Aphaenogaster phalangium Emery, 1890 Aphaenogaster phillipsi Wheeler & Mann, 1916 Aphaenogaster picea (Wheeler, 1908) Aphaenogaster picena Baroni Urbani, 1971 Aphaenogaster poultoni Crawley, 1922 Aphaenogaster praedo Emery, 1908 Aphaenogaster praenoda Santschi, 1933 Aphaenogaster praerelicta de Andrade, 1995 Aphaenogaster projectens Donisthorpe, 1947 Aphaenogaster punctaticeps MacKay, 1989 Aphaenogaster pusilla Enzmann, 1947 Aphaenogaster pythia Forel, 1915 Aphaenogaster quadrispina Emery, 1911 Aphaenogaster reichelae Aphaenogaster relicta Wheeler & Mann, 1914 Aphaenogaster rhaphidiiceps (Mayr, 1877) Aphaenogaster rifensis Cagniant, 1994 Aphaenogaster rothneyi Forel, 1902 Aphaenogaster rudis Aphaenogaster ruida Wheeler, 1928 Aphaenogaster rupestris Forel, 1909 Aphaenogaster sagei (Forel, 1902) Aphaenogaster saharensis Bernard, 1953 Aphaenogaster sangiorgii (Emery, 1901) Aphaenogaster sardoa Mayr, 1853 Aphaenogaster schmidti Karavaiev, 1912 Aphaenogaster schmitzi Aphaenogaster schurri (Forel, 1902) Aphaenogaster semipolita (Nylander, 1856) Aphaenogaster senilis Mayr, 1853 Aphaenogaster sicardi Cagniant, 1990 Aphaenogaster sicula Emery, 1908 Aphaenogaster simonellii Emery, 1894 中华长脚家蚁 Aphaenogaster sinensis Wheeler, 1928 Aphaenogaster smythiesii (Forel, 1902) Aphaenogaster sommerfeldti Mayr, 1868 Aphaenogaster spinosa Emery, 1878 Aphaenogaster splendida (Roger, 1859) Aphaenogaster striativentris Forel, 1895 Aphaenogaster striola Roger Aphaenogaster strioloides Forel, 1890 Aphaenogaster subcostata Viehmeyer, 1922 Aphaenogaster subterranea (Latreille, 1798) Aphaenogaster subterraneo-splendida Em.e For. Aphaenogaster subterraneoides Emery, 1881 Aphaenogaster swammerdami Forel, 1886 Aphaenogaster syria Aphaenogaster syriaca Emery, 1908 Aphaenogaster takahashii Wheeler, 1930 Aphaenogaster tennesseensis (Mayr, 1862) Aphaenogaster testaceopilosa (Lucas, 1849) Aphaenogaster texana Wheeler, 1915 Aphaenogaster theryi Santschi, 1923 Aphaenogaster tibetana Donisthorpe, 1929 Aphaenogaster tinauti Cagniant, 1992 Aphaenogaster tipuna Forel, 1913 Aphaenogaster torossiani Cagniant, 1988 Aphaenogaster treatae Forel, 1886 Aphaenogaster trinacriae Alicata & Schifani, 2019 Aphaenogaster turkestanica Arnol'di, 1976 Aphaenogaster uinta Wheeler, 1917 Aphaenogaster ujhelyii Szabo, 1910 Aphaenogaster ulibeli Gómez & Espadaler, 2018 Aphaenogaster umphreyi Aphaenogaster vapida Wheeler, 1928 Aphaenogaster verecunda Wheeler, 1928 Aphaenogaster wangtian Terayama, 2009 Aphaenogaster wangye Terayama, 2009 Aphaenogaster weigoldi Viehmeyer, 1922 Aphaenogaster weulersseae Cagniant, 1989 Aphaenogaster wilsoni Cagniant, 1988 Aphaenogaster xuantian Terayama, 2009 Bolton, B. Aphaenogaster. AntCat. 2014 [23 July 2014].  Barry Bolton. AntCat. [2020-06-13]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-08）.  Radchenko, A. G.; Perkovsky, E. E. The ant Aphaenogaster dlusskyana sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the Sakhalin amber—the earliest described species of an extant genus of Myrmicinae. Paleontological Journal. 2016, 50 (9): 936–946. doi:10.1134/S0031030116090136.  Genus Aphaenogaster 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期October 9, 2009，. Richards, P.J. (2009) Aphaenogaster ants as bioturbators: impacts on soil and slope processes. Earth-Science Reviews 96: 92-106. Takeru Naka and Munetoshi Maruyama. 2018. Aphaenogaster gamagumayaa sp. nov.: The First Troglobiotic Ant from Japan (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Zootaxa. 4450(1); 135–141. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4450.1.10 J. Manuel Vidal-Cordero, Jesús Nogueras and Elena Tena. 2023. Bat Droppings Collection by Ants in Epigean Environments. Ecological Entomology. DOI: 10.1111/een.13305 维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源：Aphaenogaster