胱天蛋白酶6

胱天蛋白酶6（英语：Caspase 6）是人类中由CASP6基因编码的一种酶。许多可获得完整基因组数据的哺乳动物中都已鉴定出CASP6直向同源物。鸟类、蜥蜴、滑体动物和真骨类中也存在独特的直系同源物。胱天蛋白酶6在亨廷顿舞蹈症和阿尔茨海默病的细胞凋亡、早期免疫反应和神经变性中具有重要功能。 该基因编码的蛋白质是胱天蛋白酶家族的成员。胱天蛋白酶的连续激活在细胞凋亡的执行阶段发挥着核心作用。胱天蛋白酶以无活性的酶原形式存在，在保守的天冬氨酸残基处经历蛋白水解加工，产生一大一小两个亚基，然后二聚化形成活性酶。该蛋白由胱天蛋白酶7、8和10加工，被认为是胱天蛋白酶激活级联中的下游酶。胱天蛋白酶6也可以在没有胱天蛋白酶家族其他成员的情况下进行自我加工。该基因的选择性剪接产生了编码不同亚型的两个转录变体。 胱天蛋白酶6通过去抑制在早期免疫反应中发挥作用。它降低免疫抑制剂细胞因子白细胞介素10的表达，并裂解巨噬细胞上表达的IRAK-M来抑制巨噬细胞。 对于神经变性，胱天蛋白酶6可以裂解亨廷顿舞蹈症中的亨廷顿蛋白（HTT）和阿尔茨海默病中的前类淀粉蛋白质（APP）。这两种情况都会导致片段的蛋白质聚集。 胱天蛋白酶6已被证明与胱天蛋白酶8发生相互作用。 蛋白酶解图谱 胱天蛋白酶 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000138794 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027997 - Ensembl, May 2017 Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.  Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.  Tiso N, Pallavicini A, Muraro T, Zimbello R, Apolloni E, Valle G, Lanfranchi G, Danieli GA. 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