大麻的合法性

大麻医疗用途和娱乐用途的合法性因国家而异，且就持有、销售、种植、医用和个人使用等情况而有所不同。大多数国家的政策受到联合国在1961年的《麻醉品单一公约》、1971年的《精神药物公约》和1988年的《禁止非法贩运麻醉药品和精神药物公约》的影响。 大多数国家禁止将大麻用于娱乐目的。不过，有一些地区采取了除罪化政策，使简单持有成为非刑事犯罪（通常类似于轻微的交通违规行为）。还有一些地区则采取严厉的处罚，例如在一些亚洲和中东国家，即使少量持有大麻也会被判监禁数年。娱乐性大麻合法化的地域有如德國、加拿大、格鲁吉亚、馬爾他、泰國、墨西哥、盧森堡、南非和乌拉圭，以及美国的9个州和华盛顿哥伦比亚特区。 使大麻的医疗用途合法化的国家包括澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰、智利、哥伦比亚、德国、希腊、以色列、意大利、荷兰、秘鲁、波兰、英国和乌拉圭。另一些地方则有更多限制性法律，只允许使用某些大麻素药物，如Sativex（英语：Sativex）或Marinol（英语：Marinol）。在美国，31个州和哥伦比亚特区已将大麻的医疗用途合法化，但在联邦一级，大麻仍被禁止用于任何目的。 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 国际麻醉药管制局 毒品戰爭 Habibi, Roojin; Hoffman, Steven J. Legalizing Cannabis Violates the UN Drug Control Treaties, But Progressive Countries Like Canada Have Options. Ottawa Law Review. March 2018, 49 (2) [2018-07-22]. （原始内容存档于2020-12-04）.  Bewley-Taylor, David; Jelsma, Martin; Rolles, Steve; Walsh, John. Cannabis regulation and the UN drug treaties (PDF). 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