顎針蟻屬

顎針蟻屬 (Anochetus ) 主要棲息於熱帶及亞熱帶地區，少數幾種棲息於溫帶地區，具有觸發式大顎 (trap-jaw) ，肉食性。姊妹群為鋸針蟻屬，鋸針蟻屬和顎針蟻屬是鋸針蟻族下唯二的成員，Santos et al. (2010) 的研究支持鋸針蟻屬是由顎針蟻屬演化而來的假說。 具有細長並向前延伸的大顎，能夠打開至接近 180° ，能夠以極快的速度閉合大顎。體型小至中等 (2.9 mm ~ 12 mm)。體色通常較為黯淡，棕色、黑色、紅色、黃色，有些物種雙色。 鋸針蟻屬的腹柄節頂端具有一齒，而顎針蟻屬的具有兩齒或呈圓滑狀；鋸針蟻屬的頭部後方具有縫線，呈現倒 V 字形，有時候會稍微內凹，顎針蟻屬則呈現倒 U 字形。 在野外小型的顎針蟻常和瘤顎家蟻搞混，但瘤顎家蟻有兩節腹柄節，而顎針蟻只有一節。 中國和台灣地區共有8種： A. graeffei Mayr, 1870 A. lanyuensis Leong et al., 2018 A. longus Chen et al. 2019 A. madaraszi Mayr, 1897 A. mixtus Radchenko, 1993 A. medogensis Chen et al. 2019 A. risii Forel, 1900, A. subcoecus Forel, 1912 顎針蟻屬現生115種，已滅絕8種。化石皆產於多明尼加琥珀。 Anochetus africanus (Mayr, 1865) Anochetus agilis Emery, 1901 Anochetus alae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012 Anochetus altisquamis Mayr, 1887 †Anochetus ambiguus De Andrade, 1994 Anochetus angolensis Brown, 1978 Anochetus armstrongi McAreavey, 1949 Anochetus avius Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012 Anochetus bequaerti Forel, 1913 Anochetus bispinosus (Smith, 1858) Anochetus boltoni Fisher & Smith, 2008 †Anochetus brevidentatus MacKay, 1991 Anochetus brevis Brown, 1978 Anochetus bytinskii Kugler & Ionescu, 2007 Anochetus cato Forel, 1901 Anochetus chirichinii Emery, 1897 Anochetus chocoensis Fernández, 2008 †Anochetus conisquamis De Andrade, 1994 Anochetus consultans (Walker, 1859) †Anochetus corayi Baroni Urbani, 1980 Anochetus cryptus Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013 Anochetus daedalus Anochetus diegensis Forel, 1912 †Anochetus dubius De Andrade, 1994 Anochetus elegans Lattke, 1987 Anochetus emarginatus (Fabricius, 1804) Anochetus evansi Crawley, 1922 †Anochetus exstinctus De Andrade, 1994 Anochetus faurei Arnold, 1948 Anochetus filicornis (Wheeler, 1929) Anochetus fricatus Wilson, 1959 Anochetus fuliginosus Arnold, 1948 Anochetus ghilianii (Spinola, 1851) Anochetus gladiator (Mayr, 1862) Anochetus goodmani Fisher & Smith, 2008 Anochetus graeffei Mayr, 1870 Anochetus grandidieri Forel, 1891 Anochetus haytianus Wheeler & Mann, 1914 Anochetus hohenbergiae Feitosa & Delabie, 2012 Anochetus horridus Kempf, 1964 Anochetus inca Wheeler, 1925 Anochetus incultus Brown, 1978 Anochetus ineditus Baroni Urbani, 1971 Anochetus inermis André, 1889 †Anochetus intermedius De Andrade, 1994 Anochetus isolatus Mann, 1919 Anochetus jonesi Arnold, 1926 Anochetus kanariensis Forel, 1900 Anochetus katonae Forel, 1907 Anochetus kempfi Brown, 1978 Anochetus levaillanti Emery, 1895 Anochetus leyticus Zettel, 2012 Anochetus longifossatus Mayr, 1897 Anochetus longispinus Wheeler, 1936 †Anochetus lucidus De Andrade, 1994 Anochetus madagascarensis Forel, 1887 Anochetus madaraszi Mayr, 1897 Anochetus maryatiae Nuril Aida & Idris, 2011 Anochetus maynei Forel, 1913 Anochetus mayri Emery, 1884 Anochetus menozzii Donisthorpe, 1941 Anochetus micans Brown, 1978 Anochetus minans Mann, 1922 Anochetus miserabilis González-Campero & Elizalde, 2008 Anochetus mixtus Radchenko, 1993 Anochetus modicus Brown, 1978 Anochetus muzziolii Menozzi, 1932 Anochetus myops Emery, 1893 Anochetus natalensis Arnold, 1926 Anochetus neglectus Emery, 1894 Anochetus nietneri (Roger, 1861) Anochetus obscuratus Santschi, 1911 Anochetus obscurior Brown, 1978 Anochetus orchidicola Brown, 1978 Anochetus oriens Kempf, 1964 Anochetus orientalis André, 1887 Anochetus pangantihoni Zettel, 2012 Anochetus pangens (Walker, 1859) Anochetus paripungens Brown, 1978 Anochetus pattersoni Fisher & Smith, 2008 Anochetus pellucidus [no authors], 1902 Anochetus peracer Brown, 1978 Anochetus princeps Emery, 1884 Anochetus pubescens Brown, 1978 Anochetus punctaticeps Mayr, 1901 Anochetus pupulatus Brown, 1978 Anochetus rectangularis Mayr, 1876 Anochetus renatae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012 Anochetus risii Forel, 1900 Anochetus rossi Donisthorpe, 1949 Anochetus rothschildi Forel, 1907 Anochetus rufolatus Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012 Anochetus rufostenus Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012 Anochetus rufus (Jerdon, 1851) Anochetus ruginotus Stitz, 1925 Anochetus rugosus (Smith, 1857) Anochetus schoedli Zettel, 2012 Anochetus sedilloti Emery, 1884 Anochetus seminiger Donisthorpe, 1943 Anochetus shohki Terayama, 1996 Anochetus simoni Emery, 1890 Anochetus siphneus Brown, 1978 Anochetus splendidulus Yasumatsu, 1940 Anochetus striatulus Emery, 1890 Anochetus strigatellus Brown, 1978 Anochetus subcoecus Forel, 1912 Anochetus taiwaniensis Terayama, 1989 Anochetus talpa Forel, 1901 Anochetus targionii Emery, 1894 Anochetus testaceus Forel, 1893 Anochetus traegaordhi Mayr, 1904 Anochetus tua Brown, 1978 Anochetus turneri Forel, 1900 Anochetus validus Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013 Anochetus vallensis Lattke, 1987 Anochetus variegatus Donisthorpe, 1938 Anochetus veronicae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012 Anochetus vexator Kempf, 1964 Anochetus victoriae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012 Anochetus werneri Zettel, 2012 Anochetus wiesiae Shattuck & Slipinska, 2012 Anochetus yerburyi Forel, 1900 Anochetus yunnanensis Wang, 1993 Schmidt, C. 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Journal of the New York Entomological Society. 1991, 99: 138–140.  Baroni Urbani, C. Anochetus corayi n. sp., the first fossil Odontomachiti ant. (Amber Collection Stuttgart: Hymenoptera, Formicidae. II: Odontomachiti). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie). 1980, 55: 1–6.  網絡生命大百科 维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源：Anochetus