跨國政黨

跨國政黨是指在多個國家參政的單一政黨。 典型例子有如阿拉伯復興社會黨，一個活躍於多個阿拉伯國家，致力於建立泛阿拉伯政治聯盟的阿拉伯复兴社会主义政黨；以及新芬黨，一個活躍於愛爾蘭以及英國北愛爾蘭，主張愛爾蘭統一的政黨。 另一種跨國政黨的形式是歐盟中的「歐洲政黨」。歐洲政黨由歐盟各國中意識形態相近的的國家級政黨組成，並在歐洲議會共同運作。而歐洲政黨與跨國政黨的不同之處在於歐洲政黨不在國家層級運作。 廣義上講，具跨國性質的全球性政治運動如共產主義、社會主義和伊斯蘭主義等一般在多個國家都有相關政黨。但在大多數情況下，每個國家的政黨組織都是獨立互不隸屬的。惟這些政黨仍有時透過國際政黨組織協商和協調。 歐洲政黨是由多個國家政黨組成的組織，在歐盟層級以單一政黨運作。 截至2024年10月 (2024-10)[update]，APPF已登記的歐洲政黨共有12組： 几内亚和佛得角非洲独立党 阿拉伯復興社會黨 中美洲工人革命党 民主左翼 (爱尔兰)（英语：Democratic Left (Ireland)） 已滅亡 解散前的末代國會 該政黨在幾內亞比索仍然活躍，唯佛得角分部在1980年幾內亞比索政變（英语：1980 Guinea-Bissau coup d'état）後分裂為獨立政黨。 隨著1966年阿拉伯復興社會黨分裂消亡 Baran, Zeyno. Fighting the War of Ideas. Foreign Affairs. 2005, 84 (6) [2023-11-02]. ISSN 0015-7120. doi:10.2307/20031777. （原始内容存档于2023-10-17）. HT describes itself as a political party, even though it has never registered as such and denounces all existing political systems. It does not seek to elect candidates to political office, focusing instead on extraparliamentary agitation.  Bangladesh court declares Jamaat illegal. Al Jazeera. 2013-08-01 [2015-01-26]. （原始内容存档于2020-09-06）.  Registered parties. Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations. [26 July 2024]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-01）.  Slomp, Hans. Europe, A Political Profile: An American Companion to European Politics. ABC-CLIO. 26 September 2011: 246 [20 September 2018]. ISBN 978-0-313-39182-8.  Nordsieck, Wolfram. European Union. Parties and Elections in Europe. 2019 [2024-08-31]. （原始内容存档于2023-12-02）.  Demetriou, Kyriakos. The European Union in Crisis : Explorations in Representation and Democratic Legitimacy. Springer. 2014: 46. ISBN 9783319087740.  Carolan, Ciara. Qatargate: Right-wing MEPs voted en masse against key anti-corruption measures. The Brussels Times. 10 April 2024 [5 June 2024]. （原始内容存档于2024-07-18）.  Bullens, Lara. European parliamentary elections: What a right-wing surge could mean for the EU. France 24. 4 June 2024 [5 June 2024]. （原始内容存档于2024-09-16）.  Joyner, Ella. Europe's far right won ground in the EU elections. Can they unite to wield power?. AP News. 11 June 2024 [20 June 2024]. （原始内容存档于2024-09-08）.  Alonso, Aida. The European Free Alliance sets out its key demands ahead of elections. Euronews. 8 March 2024 [5 June 2024]. （原始内容存档于2024-06-05）.  Barigazzi, Jacopo; Sorgi, Gregorio. Italy has won migration. It's aiming for Europe next. Politico EU. 21 June 2023 [5 June 2024]. （原始内容存档于2024-06-05）.  Gotev, Georgi. The Brief – Looking back before we vote. Euractiv. 6 May 2024 [5 June 2024]. （原始内容存档于2024-05-06）.  The Kremlin 'hosts' the European extreme right. OSW. 25 March 2015 [15 March 2016]. （原始内容存档于2024-01-26）.  Alan Siaroff. Comparative European Party Systems: An Analysis of Parliamentary Elections Since 1945. Taylor & Francis. 2019: 469 [2024-08-31]. ISBN 978-1-317-49876-6. （原始内容存档于2024-06-04）.  Baker, David; Schnapper, Pauline. Britain and the Crisis of the European Union. Springer. 2015: 87. ISBN 9781137005205.  FitzGibbon, John; Leruth, Benjamin; Startin, Nick. Euroscepticism as a Transnational and Pan-European Phenomenon : The Emergence of a New Sphere of Opposition. Routledge. 2016: 198. ISBN 9781317422501.  Whitaker, Richard; Lynch, Philip. Understanding the Formation and Actions of Eurosceptic Groups in the European Parliament: Pragmatism, Principles and Publicity. Government and Opposition. 2014, 49 (2): 232–263 [2024-08-31]. ISSN 0017-257X. S2CID 36404558. doi:10.1017/gov.2013.40. hdl:2381/28315 . （原始内容存档于2024-06-04） （英语）.  Kenealy, Daniel; Peterson, John; Corbett, Richard. The European Union: How does it work? 4. OUP Oxford. 2015: 155. ISBN 978-0199685370.  Nathalie Brack; Olivier Costa. How the EU Really Works. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. 2014: 120 [2018-04-20]. ISBN 978-1-4724-1465-6. （原始内容存档于2024-06-04）.  Political Parties of the World (6th edition, 2005), ed. Bogdan Szajkowski 國際政黨組織 引用错误：页面中存在<ref group="note">标签，但没有找到相应的<references group="note" />标签