室女座GW

PG 1159-035是PG 1159星的原型，之後就是以PG 1159作為這一類恆星的名稱，這顆恆星是在帕洛馬綠色巡天調查紫外線過量的恆星時發現的天體 ，並且像其它的PG 1159星一樣，是中心正在轉變成為行星狀星雲和白矮星的天體。 在1979年發現PG 1159-035的亮度會變化，並且因而在1985年被歸類為變星，標示為室女座GW。PG 1159型變星可以稱為室女GW型變星 ，或是再分為DOV和PNNV星。PG 1139-035的變化，和其他的室女GW型變星一樣，是由於本身內部的引力波在非徑向方向上的脈動。它的光度曲線在1989年3月曾經被Whole Earth Telescope仔細的觀察超過264小時的時段，和在變化的光譜中發現超過100種週期在300至1,000秒的變光模式 。 The Palomar-Green catalog of ultraviolet-excess stellar objects, R. F. Green, M. Schmidt, and J. Liebert, Astrophysical Journal Supplement 61 (June 1986), pp. 305–352. CDS ID II/207 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2007-02-20.. SIMBAD, accessed June 11, 2007. Table 2, Precision asteroseismology of pulsating PG 1159 stars, Steven D. Kawaler and Paul A. Bradley, Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 427, #1 (May 1994), pp. 415–428, doi:10.1086/174152, Bibcode：1994ApJ...427..415K. High-resolution ultraviolet spectroscopy of PG 1159-035 with HST and FUSE, D. Jahn, T. Rauch, E. Reiff, K. Werner, and J. W. Kruk, Astronomy and Astrophysics 462, #1 (January 2007), pp. 281–292. PG1159-035: A new, hot, non-DA pulsating degenerate, J. T. McGraw, S. G. Starrfield, J. Liebert, and R. F. Green, pp. 377–381 in White Dwarfs and Variable Degenerate Stars, IAU Colloquium #53, ed. H. M. van Horn and V. Weidemann, Rochester: University of Rochester Press, 1979. The 67th Name-List of Variable Stars, P. N. Kholopov, N. N. Samus, E. V. Kazarovets, and N. B. Perova, Information Bulletin on Variable Stars, #2681, March 8, 1985. §1, Detection of non-radial g-mode pulsations in the newly discovered PG 1159 star HE 1429-1209 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, T. Nagel and K. Werner, Astronomy and Astrophysics 426 (2004), pp. L45–L48. §1.1, Mapping the Instability Domains of GW Vir Stars in the Effective Temperature-Surface Gravity Diagram （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Quirion, P.-O., Fontaine, G., Brassard, P., Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 171 (2007), pp. 219–248. Asteroseismology of white dwarf stars, D. E. Winget, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 10, #49 (December 14, 1998), pp. 11247–11261. DOI 10.1088/0953-8984/10/49/014. Asteroseismology of the DOV star PG 1159-035 with the Whole Earth Telescope, D. E. Winget, R. E. Nather, J. C. Clemens, J. Provencal, S. J. Kleinman, P. A. Bradley, M. A. Wood, C. F. Claver, M. L. Frueh, A. D. Grauer, B. P. Hine, C. J. Hansen, G. Fontaine, N. Achilleos, D. T. Wickramasinghe, T. M. K. Marar, S. Seetha, B. N. Ashoka, D. O'Donoghue, B. Warner, D. W. Kurtz, D. A. Buckley, J. Brickhill, G. Vauclair, N. Dolez, M. Chevreton, M. A. Barstow, J. E. Solheim, A. Kanaan, S. O. Kepler, G. W. Henry, and S. D. Kawaler, Astrophysical Journal 378 (September 1, 1991), pp. 326–346. The pulsation modes of the pre-white dwarf PG 1159-035, Costa, J. E. S.; Kepler, S. O.; Winget, D. E.; O'Brien, M. S.; Kawaler, S. D.; Costa, A. F. M.; Giovannini, O.; Kanaan, A.; Mukadam, A. S.; Mullally, F.; Nitta, A.; Provençal, J. L.; Shipman, H.; Wood, M. A.; Ahrens, T. J.; Grauer, A.; Kilic, M.; Bradley, P. A.; Sekiguchi, K.; Crowe, R.; Jiang, X. J.; Sullivan, D.; Sullivan, T.; Rosen, R.; Clemens, J. C.; Janulis, R.; O'Donoghue, D.; Ogloza, W.; Baran, A.; Silvotti, R.; Marinoni, S.; Vauclair, G.; Dolez, N.; Chevreton, M.; Dreizler, S.; Schuh, S.; Deetjen, J.; Nagel, T.; Solheim, J.-E.; Gonzalez Perez, J. M.; Ulla, A.; Barstow, M.; Burleigh, M.; Good, S.; Metcalfe, T. S.; Kim, S.-L.; Lee, H.; Sergeev, A.; Akan, M. C.; Çakırlı, Ö.; Paparo, M.; Viraghalmy, G.; Ashoka, B. N.; Handler, G.; Hürkal, Ö.; Johannessen, F.; Kleinman, S. J.; Kalytis, R.; Krzesinski, J.; Klumpe, E.; Larrison, J.; Lawrence, T.; Meištas, E.; Martinez, P.; Nather, R. E.; Fu, J.-N.; Pakštienė, E.; Rosen, R.; Romero-Colmenero, E.; Riddle, R.; Seetha, S.; Silvestri, N. M.; Vučković, M.; Warner, B.; Zola, S.; Althaus, L. G.; Córsico, A. H.; Montgomery, M. H., Astronomy and Astrophysics 477 (January 2, 2008), pp.627–640.