血液检验项目正常参考值范围

血检项目参考值范围（英語：Reference ranges for blood tests），指的是医疗保健专家从血液样品中选取的一组用来描述医疗检验结果的正常参考值。 血液检验的测量值在临床中意义非常重要，人们通过对体液进行分析来寻找属于病理学中的病理改变来作为是否患病的参考，属于对临床化学领域中的研究。 这里包括了一些如含铁结合蛋白、含铜结合蛋白之类的一些蛋白质。 酸碱缓冲对如果没有特别指定为动脉/静脉血，一般指的是动脉血，而不是静脉血。 酸碱缓冲对中的少数项目在动脉/静脉中差异很大。。 疼痛开始12小时后肌钙蛋白的值: 临床生化学、化学病理学、纯血液化学的总称 Last page of Deepak A. Rao; Le, Tao; Bhushan, Vikas. First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2008 (First Aid for the Usmle Step 1). McGraw-Hill Medical. 2007. ISBN 0-07-149868-0.  Normal Reference Range Table （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） from The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. Used in Interactive Case Study Companion to Pathologic basis of disease. Reference range list from Uppsala University Hospital ("Laborationslista"). Artnr 40284 Sj74a. Issued on April 22, 2008 Derived from molar values using molar mass of 22.99 g·mol−1 Derived from molar values using molar mass of 39.10 g·mol−1 MERCK MANUALS > Common Medical Tests > Blood Tests （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Last full review/revision February 2003 Derived from molar values using molar mass of 35.45 g·mol−1 Larsson, L.; Ohman, S. Serum ionized calcium and corrected total calcium in borderline hyperparathyroidism. Clinical Chemistry. 1978-11, 24 (11): 1962–1965 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0009-9147. PMID 709830. （原始内容存档于2021-04-27）.  Derived from molar values using molar mass of 40.08  g·mol−1 Slon S. Serum Iron. University of Illinois Medical Center. 2006-09-22 [2006-07-06]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-26）.  Diagnostic Chemicals Limited > Serum Iron-SL Assay （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） July 15, 2005 Derived from mass values using molar mass of 55.85 g·mol−1 Table 1. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Page 133. Clinical Chemistry 45, No. 1, 1999 (stating 1.9–3.3 g/L) Derived by dividing mass values with molar mass Ferritin （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by: Mark Levin, MD, Hematologist and Oncologist, Newark, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network Derived from mass values using molar mass of 450,000 g·mol−1 Mitchell, M. L.; Filippone, M. D.; Wozniak, T. F. Metastatic carcinomatous cirrhosis and hepatic hemosiderosis in a patient heterozygous for the H63D genotype. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine. 2001-08, 125 (8): 1084–1087 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0003-9985. PMID 11473464. doi:10.1043/0003-9985(2001)1252.0.CO;2. （原始内容存档于2021-05-02）.  Diaz, J.; Tornel, P. L.; Martinez, P. Reference intervals for blood ammonia in healthy subjects, determined by microdiffusion. Clinical Chemistry. 1995-07, 41 (7): 1048 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0009-9147. PMID 7600690. （原始内容存档于2021-05-02）.  Derived from molar values using molar mass of 17.03 g/mol Blood Test Results with Normal Range Reference Chart - BloodBook, Blood Information for Life. www.bloodbook.com. [2020-12-25]. （原始内容存档于2012-11-02）.  Derived from mass values using molar mass of 63.55 g·mol−1 Derived from mass using molar mass of 151kDa Derived from mass values using molar mass of 40.08  g·mol−1 Walter F., PhD. Boron. Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch. Elsevier/Saunders. 2005. ISBN 1-4160-2328-3.  Page 849 Reference range for copper 於 GPnotebook 存档副本 (PDF). [2010-01-17]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2010-03-07）.  Derived from molar values using molar mass of 65.38 g/mol Derived from mass values using molar mass of 65.38 g/mol Derived from molar values using molar mass of 24.31 g/mol Derived from mass values using molar mass of 24.31 g/mol Adëeva Nutritionals Canada > Optimal blood test values （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on July 9, 2009 Middleton, P; Kelly, A‐M; Brown, J; Robertson, M. Agreement between arterial and central venous values for pH, bicarbonate, base excess, and lactate. Emergency Medicine Journal : EMJ. 2006-8, 23 (8): 622–624. ISSN 1472-0205. PMC 2564165 . PMID 16858095. doi:10.1136/emj.2006.035915.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助) The Medical Education Division of the Brookside Associates--> ABG (Arterial Blood Gas) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on Dec 6, 2009 Derived from molar values using molar mass of 1.01 g·mol−1 Derived from mmHg values using 0.133322 kPa/mmHg Derived from molar values using molar mass of 44.010 g/mol Derived from molar values using molar mass of 61 g/mol Reference range (albumin) 於 GPnotebook Derived from mass using molecular weight of 65kD Derived from mass values using molar mass of 585g/mol Derived from molar values using molar mass of 585g/mol Fachwörterbuch Kompakt Medizin E-D/D-E. Author: Fritz-Jürgen Nöhring. Edition 2. Publisher:Elsevier, Urban&FischerVerlag, 2004. ISBN 3437151207, 9783437151200. Length: 1288 pages GPnotebook > reference range (AST) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on Dec 7, 2009 Helander, A.; Vabö, E.; Levin, K.; Borg, S. Intra- and interindividual variability of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and mean corpuscular volume in teetotalers. Clinical Chemistry. 1998-10, 44 (10): 2120–2125 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0009-9147. PMID 9761244. （原始内容存档于2021-08-09）.  Creatine kinase 於 GPnotebook Saint Francis Hospital Laboratory > BNP reference range change （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Jay Hupp & Dr. Michel S. Medawar. Effective November, 2002 The University of Iowa (UIHC) > Department of Pathology > LABORATORY SERVICES HANDBOOK > N-terminal-pro-BNP （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Showing 95th percentiles. Epic Lab Code: LAB649. Updated: 10/27/2009 Muscle Information and Courses from MediaLab, Inc. > Cardiac Biomarkers （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on April 22, 2010 South London Healthcare NHS Trust Moderately Elevated Serum Troponin Concentrations Are Associated With Increased Morbidity and Mortality Rates in Surgical Intensive Care Unit Patients （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Rene P. Relos, MD; Ian K. Hasinoff, MD; Greg J. Beilman, MD. Posted: 12/05/2003; Crit Care Med. 2003;31(11) Kay, Stephen E.; Doery, James; Sholl, David. Clozapine associated pericarditis and elevated troponin I. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2002-02, 36 (1): 143–144 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0004-8674. PMID 11929456. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.2002.0988f.x. （原始内容存档于2021-08-10）.  GP Notebook > range (reference, ca-125) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on Jan 5, 2009 ClinLab Navigator > Test Interpretations > CA-125 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on Jan 5, 2009 Bjerner, Johan; Høgetveit, Anita; Wold Akselberg, Katrine; Vangsnes, Kirsti; Paus, Elisabeth; Bjøro, Trine; Børmer, Ole Petter; Nustad, Kjell. Reference intervals for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA125, MUC1, Alfa-foeto-protein (AFP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and CA19.9 from the NORIP study. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. 2008, 68 (8): 703–713 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 1502-7686. PMID 18609108. doi:10.1080/00365510802126836. （原始内容存档于2021-05-02）.  Carcinoembryonic Antigen(CEA) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） at MedicineNet The TSH Reference Range Wars: What's "Normal?", Who is Wrong, Who is Right... （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） By Mary Shomon, About.com. Updated: June 19, 2006. About.com Health's Disease and Condition 2006 Press releases: Thyroid Imbalance? Target Your Numbers （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Contacts: Bryan Campbell American] Association of Clinical Endocrinologists The TSH Reference Range Wars: What's "Normal?", Who is Wrong, Who is Right... （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） By Mary Shomon, About.com. Updated: June 19, 2006 Demers, Laurence M.; Carole A. Spencer. LMPG: Laboratory Support for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Thyroid Disease. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry（英语：National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry） (USA). 2002 [2007-04-13]. （原始内容存档于2008-11-20）.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助) - see Section 2. Pre-analytic factors Free T4; Thyroxine, Free; T4, Free （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） UNC Health Care System Derived from mass values using molar mass of 776.87 g/mol Table 4: Typical reference ranges for serum assays （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） - Thyroid Disease Manager Euthyroid Patient with Elevated Serum Free Thyroxine （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） George van der Watt1,a, David Haarburger1 and Peter Berman Derived from mass values using molar mass of 650.98 g/mol Serum concentration of free T3, free T4 and TSH in healthy children （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Cioffi Michele; Gazzerro Patrizia; Vietri Maria Teresa; Magnetta Rosa; Durante Adriana; D'Auria Annamaria; Puca Giovanni Alfredo; Molinari Anna Maria ; Andrology Australia: Your Health > Low Testosterone > Diagnosis. [2012-12-19]. （原始内容存档于2012-02-17）.  Derived from mass values using molar mass of 288.42g/mol Derived from molar values using molar mass of 288.42g/mol MedlinePlus > Testosterone （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Update Date: 3/18/2008. Updated by: Elizabeth H. Holt, MD, PhD, Yale University. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director reference range (FSH) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） GPnotebook. Retrieved on September 27, 2009 Values taken from day 1 after LH surge in: Establishment of detailed reference values for luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol, and progesterone during different phases of the menstrual cycle on the Abbott ARCHITECT analyzer. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Reto Stricker, Raphael Eberhart, Marie-Christine Chevailler, Frank A. Quinn, Paul Bischof and Rene´ Stricker. Clin Chem Lab Med 2006;44(7):883–887 PMID 16776638 New York Hospital Queens > Services and Facilities > Patient Testing > Pathology > New York Hospital Queens Diagnostic Laboratories > Test Directory > Reference Ranges[永久失效連結] Retrieved on Nov 8, 2009 GPNotebook - reference range (oestradiol) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on September 27, 2009 Derived from molar values using molar mass of 272.38g/mol Wu, C. H.; Motohashi, T.; Abdel-Rahman, H. A.; Flickinger, G. L.; Mikhail, G. Free and protein-bound plasma estradiol-17 beta during the menstrual cycle. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1976-08, 43 (2): 436–445 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0021-972X. PMID 950372. doi:10.1210/jcem-43-2-436. （原始内容存档于2021-05-02）.  Derived from molar values using molar mass of 314.46 g/mol Derived from mass values using molar mass of 4540g/mol according to PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN; NCBI --> POMC （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on September 28, 2009 Adrenocorticotropic Hormone:Normal. WebMD. 09-03-2006 [2008-11-09]. （原始内容存档于2008-12-22）.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助) Derived from molar values using molar mass of 4540g/mol according to PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN; NCBI --> POMC （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on September 28, 2009 Biochemistry Reference Ranges at Good Hope Hospital （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on Nov 8, 2009 Derived from molar values using molar mass of 362 g/mol Derived from molar values using molar mass of 9.4 kDa Table 2 in: Aloia JF, Feuerman M, Yeh JK. Reference range for serum parathyroid hormone. Endocr Pract. 2006, 12 (2): 137–44. PMC 1482827 . PMID 16690460.  Derived from mass values using molar mass of 9.4 kDa Derived from molar values using molar mass 400.6 g/mol Bender, David A. Vitamin D. Nutritional biochemistry of the vitamins. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2003. ISBN 0-521-80388-8.  Retrieved December 10, 2008 through Google Book Search. Bischoff-Ferrari, H.A., Dietrich, T., Orav, J.E., Hu, F.B., Zhang, Y., Karlson, E., Dawson-Hughes, B. 2004. Higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with better lower extremity function in both active and inactive adults 60+ years of age. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 80:752-758. Reusch, J.; Ackermann, H.; Badenhoop, K. Cyclic changes of vitamin D and PTH are primarily regulated by solar radiation: 5-year analysis of a German (50 degrees N) population. Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Metabolisme. 2009-05, 41 (5): 402–407 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 1439-4286. PMID 19241329. doi:10.1055/s-0028-1128131. （原始内容存档于2021-05-01）.  Vasquez, Alex; Cannell, John. Calcium and vitamin D in preventing fractures: Data are not sufficient to show inefficacy. BMJ. 2005-07-07, 331 (7508): 108–109 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0959-8138. PMID 16002891. doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7508.108-b. （原始内容存档于2018-06-03） （英语）.  The Doctor's Doctor: Homocysteine. [2012-12-19]. （原始内容存档于2008-12-05）.  Derived from molar values using molar massof 135 g/mol Central Manchester University Hospitals --> Reference ranges （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on July 9, 2009 University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center > Clinical Lab Reference Range Guide （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on April 28, 2009 Derived from mass values using molar mass of 441 mol−1 GPnotebook > B12 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on April 28, 2009 Derived form molar values using molar mass of 1355g/mol Derived from mass values using molar mass of 1355g/mol Derived from mass values using molar mass of 176 grams per mol For 醉酒駕駛 by country, see Drunk driving law by country（英语：Drunk driving law by country） Derived from mass values using molar mass of 46g/mol Derived from mass values using 64,500 g/mol, according to Van Beekvelt MC, Colier WN, Wevers RA, Van Engelen BG. Performance of near-infrared spectroscopy in measuring local O2 consumption and blood flow in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. 2001, 90 (2): 511–519. PMID 11160049.  Derived from mass concentration, using molar mass of 64,458 g/mol (Van Beekvelt MC, Colier WN, Wevers RA, Van Engelen BG. Performance of near-infrared spectroscopy in measuring local O2 consumption and blood flow in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. 2001, 90 (2): 511–519. PMID 11160049. ). 1 g/dL = 0.1551 mmol/L lymphomation.org > Tests & Imaging > Labs > Complete Blood Count （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on May 14, 2009 Clinical Laboratory Medicine. By Kenneth D. McClatchey. Page 807.. [2012-12-19]. （原始内容存档于2012-11-12）.  Determination of monocyte count by hematological analyzers, manual method and flow cytometry in polish population Central European Journal of Immunology 1-2/2006. (Centr Eur J Immunol 2006; 31 (1-2): 1-5) authors: Elżbieta Górska, Urszula Demkow, Roman Pińkowski, Barbara Jakubczak, Dorota Matuszewicz, Jolanta Gawęda, Wioletta Rzeszotarska, Maria Wąsik, MedlinePlus百科全书 003652 [1] （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on November 20, 2009 Miller, A.; Green, M.; Robinson, D. Simple rule for calculating normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate. British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.). 1983-01-22, 286 (6361): 266 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0267-0623. PMC 1546487 . PMID 6402065. doi:10.1136/bmj.286.6361.266. （原始内容存档于2021-05-02）.  Böttiger, L. E.; Svedberg, C. A. Normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate and age. British Medical Journal. 1967-04-08, 2 (5544): 85–87 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0007-1447. PMC 1841240 . PMID 6020854. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5544.85. （原始内容存档于2021-05-02）.  C-reactive protein 於 GPnotebook 2730 Serum C-Reactive Protein values in Diabetics with Periodontal Disease （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） A.R. Choudhury, and S. Rahman, Birdem, Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. (the diabetics were not used to determine the reference ranges) Derived from mass using molar mass of 25,106 g/mol Sipahi, Tansu; Kara, Cengiz; Tavil, Betül; Inci, Ayşe; Oksal, Ayşegül. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: an overlooked cause of late hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology. 2003-03, 25 (3): 274–275 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 1077-4114. PMID 12621252. doi:10.1097/00043426-200303000-00019. （原始内容存档于2021-05-02）.  Derived from mass values using molar mass of 44324.5 g/mol Derived from molar values using molar mass of 44324.5 g/mol The Society for American Clinical Laboratory Science > Chemistry Tests > Immunoglobulins （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on Nov 26, 2009 chronolab.com > Autoantibodies associated with rheumatic diseases > Reference ranges （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Retrieved on April 29, 2010 Reference range (amylase) 於 GPnotebook Plasma Measurement of D-Dimer Levels for the Early Diagnosis of Ischemic Stroke Subtypes （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Walter Ageno, MD; Sergio Finazzi, MD; Luigi Steidl, MD; Maria Grazia Biotti, MD; Valentina Mera, MD; GianVico Melzi d'Eril, MD; Achille Venco, MD. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162:2589-2593. Kline, Jeffrey A.; Williams, Ginger W.; Hernandez-Nino, Jackeline. D-dimer concentrations in normal pregnancy: new diagnostic thresholds are needed. Clinical Chemistry. 2005-05, 51 (5): 825–829 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0009-9147. PMID 15764641. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2004.044883. （原始内容存档于2021-05-01）.  Gardner, M D; Scott, R. Age- and sex-related reference ranges for eight plasma constituents derived from randomly selected adults in a Scottish new town.. Journal of Clinical Pathology. 1980-04, 33 (4): 380–385. ISSN 0021-9746. PMC 1146084 . PMID 7400337. doi:10.1136/jcp.33.4.380.  Finney, H.; Newman, D. J.; Price, C. P. Adult reference ranges for serum cystatin C, creatinine and predicted creatinine clearance. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry. 2000-01,. 37 ( Pt 1): 49–59 [2020-12-25]. ISSN 0004-5632. PMID 10672373. doi:10.1258/0004563001901524. （原始内容存档于2021-05-01）.  Derived from molar values by multiplying with the molar mass of 113.118 g/mol, and divided by 10.000 to adapt from μg/L to mg/dL MedlinePlus百科全书 Glucose tolerance test Derived from molar values using molar mass of 180g/mol Derived from mass values using molar mass of 90.08 g/mol Derived from mass values using molar mass of 88.06 g/mol Derived from values in mg/dl to mmol/l, by dividing by 89, according to faqs.org: What are mg/dl and mmol/l? How to convert? Glucose? Cholesterol? （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Last Update July 21, 2009. Retrieved on July 21, 2009 Derived from values in mg/dl to mmol/l, using molar mass of 386.65 g/mol Reference range (cholesterol) 於 GPnotebook Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia; Cholesterol (HDL and LDL) - plasma or serum （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Last Updated: Monday, 6 August 2007 Derived from values in mmol/l, using molar mass of 386.65 g/mol What Your Cholesterol Levels Mean. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） American Heart Association. Retrieved on September 12, 2009 American Association for Clinical Chemistry; HDL Cholesterol. [2012-12-19]. （原始内容存档于2001-09-03）.  健康诊断 健康检查 血液检查 尿检查 biochemical reference values 於 GPnotebook Values at lymphomation.org （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Descriptions at amarillomed.com （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）