草螟科

草螟科（学名：Crambidae）属于鳞翅目。它们外形差别很大，有些亚科的品种栖息在草地上，很不起眼，另一些亚科的品种色彩艳丽。 有些分类中，草螟科被列为螟蛾科的一個亞科。 本科包括以下属： 地位未定 Exsilirarcha Salmon & Bradley, 1956 水螟亚科 Acentropinae Stephens, 1836 Acentria Stephens, 1829 (异名： Acentropus J. Curtis, 1834, Setina Hübner, 1819, Zancle Stephens, 1833) Agassiziella Yoshiyasu, 1989 (异名： Agassizia Yoshiyasu, 1987) Almonia Walker, 1866 眉斑水螟属 Ambia Walker,1859 Anydraula Meyrick, 1885 Araeomorpha Turner, 1908 (异名： Tholerastis Turner, 1915) Argyractis Hampson, 1897 Argyractoides Lange, 1956 Argyrophorodes Marion, 1956 Aulacodes Guenée, 1854 (异名： Hydrophysa Guenée, 1854) Banepa Moore, 1888 Brevicella Kenrick, 1912 Callilitha Munroe, 1959 Cataclysta Hübner, 1825 (异名： Catoclysta Hampson, 1893) Chrysendeton Grote, 1881 Clepsicosma Meyrick, 1888 Compsophila Meyrick, 1886 Contiger Lange, 1956 Cryptocosma Lederer, 1863 (异名： Chalcoelopsis Dyar, 1914) Decticogaster Snellen, 1880 Diathraustodes Hampson, 1896 Dodanga Moore, 1886 塘水螟属 Elophila Hübner, 1822 (异名： Cyrtogramme Yoshiyasu, 1985, Elophila Hübner, 1806, Hydrocampus Berthold, 1827, Hydrocampa Stephens, 1829, Hydrocampe Latreille, 1829, Munroessa Lange, 1956, Synclita Lederer, 1863) 斑水螟属 Eoophyla Swinhoe, 1900 Eoparargyractis Lange, 1956 (异名： Eoparargyractis Lange, 1956) Ephormotris Meyrick, 1933 狭水螟属 Eristena Warren, 1896，狭翅水螟属 Eurytorna Meyrick, 1886 Galadra Walker, 1865 Gethosyne Warren, 1896 Giorgia J. F. G. Clarke, 1965 Glyphandra Karsch, 1900 Goniopalpia Hampson, 1903 Hemiloba Swinhoe, 1901 Hyaloplaga Warren, 1892 (异名： Hyaloplagia Sharp, 1893) Hygraula Meyrick, 1885 (异名： Blechroglossa Turner, 1937, Blechroglosso Neave, 1950) Hylebatis Turner, 1908 Kasania Krulikovsky, 1910 Langessa Munroe, 1972 Lasiogyia Hampson, 1907 Lathroteles J. F. G. Clarke, 1971 Leucogephyra Warren, 1896 Margarochroma Warren, 1896 Margarosticha Lederer, 1863 Neargyractis Lange, 1956 Neocataclysta Lange, 1956 Neoschoenobia Hampson, 1900 (异名： Eranistis Meyrick, 1910) Neurophruda Warren, 1896 (异名： Neophruda Hampson, 1897) Nicaria Snellen, 1880 Niphadaza Butler, 1886 Nyctiplanes Turner, 1937 目水螟属 Nymphicula Snellen, [1880] Nymphula Schrank, 1802 (异名： Pseudoparaponyx Patocka, 1951) Nymphuliella Lange, 1956 Nymphulodes Hampson, 1919 Oligernis Meyrick, 1894 Oligostigma Guenée, 1854 Oligostigmoides Lange, 1956 Opisthedeicta Warren, 1890 Osphrantis Meyrick, 1897 Oxyelophila W. T. M. Forbes, 1922 Paracataclysta Yoshiyasu, 1983 波水螟属 Paracymoriza Warren, 1890 (异名： Micromania Swinhoe, 1894, Stenicula Snellen, 1901) 筒水螟属 Parapoynx Hübner, 1825 (异名： Cosmophylla Turner, 1908, Eustales Clemens, 1860, Hydreuretis Meyrick, 1885, Microdracon Warren, 1890, Nymphaeella Grote, 1880, Paraponyx Guenée, 1854, Sironia Clemens, 1860) Petrophila Guilding, 1830 (异名： Parargyractis Lange, 1956) Physematia Lederer, 1863 Potamomusa Yoshiyasu, 1985 (异名： Potamusa Speidel & Mey, 1999) Pseudlithosia Hampson, 1907 (异名： Pseudolithosia Neave, 1940) Pythagoraea Meyrick, 1929 (异名： Pythagorea Klima, 1937) Stegothyris Lederer, 1863 Strepsinoma Meyrick, 1897 Symphonia Hampson, 1896 Synclitodes Munroe, 1974 Temnobasis Gaede, 1916 Teratausta Hampson, 1903 Teratauxta E. Hering, 1901 (异名： Ridleyana Hampson, 1906) Tetrernia Meyrick, 1890 (异名： Metaclysta Hampson, 1906) Theila Swinhoe, 1900 (异名： Ambahona Marion, 1954, Ambahonia Marion, 1954) Thevitella Viette, 1958 Usingeriessa Lange, 1956 草螟亚科 Crambinae Latreille, 1810 巢草螟属 Ancylolomia Hübner,1825 髓草螟属 Calamotropha Zeller,1863 目草螟属 Catoptria Hübner,1825 禾草螟属 Chilo Zincken,1817 金草螟属 Chrysoteuchia Hübner,1825 草螟属 Crambus Fabricius,1798 齿纹草螟属 Elethyia Ragonot,1888 黄草螟属 Flavocrambus Bleszynski,1959 微草螟属 Glaucocharis Meyrick,1938 带草螟属 Metaeuchromius Bleszynski,1960 双带草螟属 Miyakea Marumo,1933 并脉草螟属 Neopediasia Okano,1962 广草螟属 Platytes Guenée,1845 银草螟属 Pseudargyria Okano,1962 白草螟属 Pseudocatharylla Bleszynski,1961 细草螟属 Roxita Bleszynski,1963 黄纹草螟属 Xanthocrambus Bleszynski,1955 亚科 Cybalomiinae Marion, 1955 Analcina Turner, 1911 Apoblepta Turner, 1911 Centropseustis Meyrick, 1890 Cybalomia Lederer, 1863 (异名： Cybolomia Romanoff, 1887) Erpis Walker, 1863 Fredia Amsel, 1961 Goniophysetis Hampson, 1916 (异名： Leucinocrambus Viette, 1960) Hendecasis Hampson, 1896 (异名： Neohendecasis Shibuya, 1931) Hyperlais Marion, 1959 (异名： Hypolais Guenée, 1854) Krombia Chrétien, 1911 Margaretania Amsel, 1961 Phenacodes Turner, 1937 Prochoristis Meyrick, 1890 Prolais Amsel, 1961 Ptychopseustis Meyrick, 1889 Stiphrometasia Zerny, 1914 Thyridiphora Warren, 1888 (异名： Thyridophora Hampson, 1896) Trichophysetis Meyrick, 1884 (异名： Alpherakia Ragonot, 1890, Callinaias Warren in Swinhoe, 1890, Callinais Swinhoe, 1890, Crasigenes Meyrick, 1894, Puriella Strand, 1918, Puriella problematica Strand, 1918, Trichophyretis Pagenstecher, 1909, Trieropis Meyrick, 1886) 薄翅螟亚科 Evergestinae Marion, 1952 薄翅螟属 Evergestis Hübner, 1816 亚科 Glaphyriinae W. T. M. Forbes, 1923 Abegesta Munroe, 1964 Achantodes Guenée, 1852 Aenigmodes Amsel, 1957 (异名：Aenigma Amsel, 1956) Aethiophysa Munroe, 1964 Aureopteryx Amsel, 1956 Cereophagus Dyar, 1922 Chalcoela Zeller, 1872 Chilomima Munroe, 1964 Chilozela Munroe, 1964 Contortipalpia Munroe, 1964 Cosmopterosis Amsel, 1956 Dichochroma W. T. M. Forbes, 1944 Dicymolomia Zeller, 1872 (异名：Bifalculina Amsel, 1956) Eupoca Warren, 1891 Eustixia Hübner, 1823 (异名： Thelcteria Lederer, 1863, Thlecteria Dyar, 1925) Gonodiscus Warren, 1891 Homophysodes Dyar, 1914 Lativalva Amsel, 1956 Lipocosma Lederer, 1863 (异名： Clarkeiodes Amsel, 1957, Clarkeia Amsel, 1956, Lipocosmopsis Munroe, 1964) Lipocosmodes Munroe, 1964 Lissophanes Warren, 1891 Macreupoca Munroe, 1964 Nephrogramma Munroe, 1964 Parambia Dyar, 1914 Paregesta Munroe, 1964 Plumegesta Munroe, 1972 Psephis Guenée, 1854 Pseudoligostigma Strand, 1920 (异名： Heptalitha Munroe, 1964) Schacontia Dyar, 1914 Scybalista Lederer, 1863 Scybalistodes Munroe, 1964 Stegea Munroe, 1964 (异名： Egesta Ragonot, 1891) Upiga Capps, 1964 Vinculopsis Amsel, 1957 (异名： Vincularia Amsel, 1956) Xanthophysa Munroe, 1964 族 Dichogamini Amsel, 1956 Alatuncusia Amsel, 1956 Alatuncusiodes Munroe, 1974 Dichogama Lederer, 1863 (异名： Carbaca Walker, 1866) 族 Glaphyriini W. T. M. Forbes, 1923 Glaphyria Hübner, 1823 (异名： Berdura Möschler, 1886, Glaphria Fernald, 1903, Homophysa Guenée, 1854) Hellula Guenée, 1854 (异名： Ashwania Pajni & Rose, 1977, Oeobia Hübner, 1825, Oebia Hübner, 1825, Phyratocosma Meyrick, 1936) 亚科 Heliothelinae Amsel, 1961 族 Heliothelini Amsel, 1961 Eclipsiodes Meyrick, 1884 Heliothela Guenée, 1854 (异名： Nyctarcha Meyrick, 1884, Orosana Walker, 1863) Phanomorpha Turner, 1937 族 Hoploscopini Robinson, Tuck & M. Shaffer, 1994 Hoploscopa Meyrick, 1886 (异名： Haploscopa Hampson, 1897, Syncrotaula Meyrick, 1933, Eudorina Snellen, 1895) Perimeceta Turner, 1915 (异名： Phanerobela Turner, 1932) 亚科 Linostinae Amsel, 1956 Linosta Möschler, 1882 亚科 Midilinae Munroe, 1958 Cacographis Lederer, 1863 (异名： Zazanisa Walker, 1865) Dismidila Dyar, 1914 Dolichobela Turner, 1932 Eupastranaia Becker, 1973 (异名： Pastranaia Munroe, 1970) Gonothyris Hampson, 1896 Hositea Dyar, 1910 Midila Walker, 1859 (异名：Singamia Möschler, 1882, Tetraphana Ragonot, 1891) Phryganomima Hampson, 1917 Styphlolepis Hampson, 1896 亚科 Musotiminae Meyrick, 1884 Aeolopetra Meyrick, 1934 Albusambia Solis & Davis in Solis, Davis & Nishida, 2005 Ambia Walker, 1859 (异名： Metathyrida Viette, 1954, Metathyridia Whalley, 1964) Austromusotima Yen & Solis in Yen, Solis & Goolsby, 2004 Baeoptila Turner, 1908 Barisoa Möschler, 1886 Cilaus Joannis, 1932 Drosophantis Meyrick, 1935 Elachypteryx Turner, 1908 Eugauria Snellen, 1901 Lygomusotima Solis & Yen in Solis, Yen & Goolsby, 2004 Malleria Munroe, 1959 Melanochroa Yoshiyasu, 1985 Midilambia Munroe, 1969 Musotima Meyrick, 1884 (异名： Musotina Caradja, 1927) Neomusotima Yoshiyasu, 1985 Neurophyseta Hampson, 1895 (异名： Cymoriza Guenée, 1854, Cymorrhiza E. Hering, 1903, Neurophysetis Hampson, 1895, Omphaloptera Hampson, 1897) Odilla Schaus, 1940 Panotima Meyrick, 1934 Parthenodes Guenée, 1854 Siamusotima Solis, Yen, Goolsby, Wright, Pemberton, Winotal, Chattrukul, Thagong & Rimbut, 2005 Siamusotima aranea Solis, Yen, Goolsby, Wright, Pemberton, Winotal, Chattrukul, Thagong & Rimbut, 2005 Thysanoidma Hampson, 1891 Undulambia Lange, 1956 (异名： Ambia albitesselalis Hampson, 1906) Uthinia Snellen, 1899 亚科 Noordinae Minet, 1980 Noorda Walker, 1859 (异名： Epinoorda Rebel, 1902) ；亚科 Odontiinae Guenée, 1854 Aeglotis Amsel, 1949 Autocharis Swinhoe, 1894 Balaenifrons Hampson, 1896 Blepharucha Warren, 1892 Boeotarcha Meyrick, 1884 (异名： Botys crassicornis Walker, [1866]) Canalibotys Maes, 2004 Canuza Walker, 1866 (异名： Erotomanes Meyrick, 1882) Catharia Lederer, 1863 Clupeosoma Snellen, 1880 Cuneifrons Munroe, 1961 Dausara Walker, 1859 Deanolis Snellen, 1899 Denticornutia M. O. Martin, 1986 Dilacinia Amsel, 1961 (异名： Dilacina Amsel, 1961) Ertrica Walker, 1866 Euctenospila Warren, 1892 Glaucodontia Munroe, 1972 Gononoorda Munroe, 1977 Hemiscopis Warren, 1890 Heortia Lederer, 1863 (异名： Eteta Walker, 1865, Tyspana Moore, 1885) Hydrorybina Hampson, 1896 Irigilla Swinhoe, 1900 Kerbela Amsel, 1949 Mabilleodes Marion & Viette, 1956 Neocymbopteryx Munroe, 1973 Neogenesis Hampson, 1907 Noctuelita Strand, 1915 Noordodes Hampson, 1916 Pelaea Lederer, 1863 Phlyctaenomorpha Amsel, 1970 Pitama Moore, 1888 Platynoorda Munroe, 1977 Porphyronoorda Munroe, 1977 Probalaenifrons Munroe, 1977 Protrigonia Hampson, 1896 Suinoorda Hayden, 2009 Syntonarcha Meyrick, 1890 Taurometopa Meyrick, 1933 Thesaurica Turner, 1915 Tulaya Özdikmen, 2007 (异名： Hercynella Bethune-Baker, 1893) Turania (moth) Turania Ragonot, 1891 Usgentia Amsel, 1949 族 Eurrhypini Leraut & Luquet, 1983 Argyrarcha Munroe, 1974 Cliniodes Guenée, 1854 (异名： Basonga Möschler, 1886, Exarcha Lederer, 1863, Idessa Walker, 1859, Metrea Grote, 1882) Dicepolia Snellen in Snellen, 1892 (异名： Endolophia Hampson, 1899) Emprepes Lederer, 1863 (异名： Hammocallos Chrétien, 1908) Eurrhypis Hübner, 1825 (异名： Threnodes Duponchel, 1845) Hyalinarcha Munroe, 1974 Jativa Munroe, 1961 Mecynarcha Munroe, 1974 Mimoschinia Warren, 1892 Porphyrorhegma Munroe, 1961 Pseudonoorda Munroe, 1974 Pseudoschinia Munroe, 1961 Sobanga Munroe, 1964 Trigonoorda Munroe, 1974 Viettessa Minet, 1980 族 Odontiini Guenée, 1854 Aeschremon Lederer, 1863 Anatralata Munroe, 1961 Aporodes Guenée, 1854 Atralata Sylvén, 1947 (异名： Ennychia Lederer, 1863) Cataonia Ragonot, 1891 Chlorobaptella Munroe, 1995 (异名： Chlorobapta Barnes & McDunnough, 1914) Chrismania Barnes & McDunnough, 1914 Cleptotypodes Minet, 1983 Cymbopteryx Munroe, 1961 Cynaeda Hübner, 1825 (异名： Cynoeda Walker, 1859, Noctuelia Guenée, 1854, Noctuaelia Wocke, 1871, Odontia Duponchel, 1832) Dentifovea Amsel, 1970 Dichozoma Munroe, 1961 Edia Dyar, 1913 Epascestria Hübner, 1825 (异名： Epacestria Marion, 1957, Phlyctaenodes Guenée, 1854, Phlyctoenodes Cerf, 1910) Ephelis Lederer, 1863 Epimetasia Ragonot, 1894 (异名： Metasiodes Ragonot, 1894, Thyridopsis Amsel, 1953) Eremanthe Munroe, 1972 Frechinia Munroe, 1961 Gyros H. Edwards, 1881 (异名： Monocona Warren, 1892, Oribates H. Edwards, 1881) Heliothelopsis Munroe, 1961 Metaxmeste Hübner, 1825 (异名： Hercyna Treitschke, 1828, Heryna Wocke, 1871, Metaxmestes Hübner, 1826) Microtheoris Meyrick, 1932 Mojavia Munroe, 1961 Mojavia achemonalis Barnes & McDunnough, 1914 Mojavia pulchra Mojaviodes Munroe, 1972 Mojaviodes blanchardae Munroe, 1972 Nannobotys Munroe, 1961 Nannobotys commortalis Grote, 1881 Noctueliopsis Munroe, 1961 Odontivalvia Munroe, 1973 Plumipalpiella Munroe, 1995 (异名： Plumipalpia Munroe, 1961) Pogonogenys Munroe, 1961 Procymbopteryx Munroe, 1961 Psammobotys Munroe, 1961 Rhodocantha Munroe, 1961 Tegostoma Zeller, 1847 (异名： Anthophilodes Guenée, 1854, Anthophilopsis Ragonot, 1891) Titanio Hübner, 1825 (异名： Noctuomorpha Guenée, 1854, Titania J. L. R. Agassiz, 1846) 野螟亚科 Pyraustinae Meyrick, 1890 织叶野螟属 Algedonia Lederer,1863 棘趾野螟属 Anania Hübner,1823 镰翅野螟属 Circobotys Butler,1879 绒野螟属 Crocidophora Lederer,1863 淡黄野螟属 Demobotys Munroe et Mutuura,1969 细突野螟属 Ecpyrrhorrhoe Hübner, 1816 窄翅野螟属 Euclasta Lederer,1855 线须野螟属 Eurrhypara Hübner, 1816 锥额野螟属 Loxostege Hübner, 1816 钝额野螟属 Opsibotys Warren,1890 秆野螟属 Ostrinia Hübner, 1825 宽突野螟属 Paranomis Munroe et Mutuura,1968 褶缘野螟属 Paratalanta Meyrick,1890 黑带野螟属 Parbattia Moore,1888 云斑野螟属 Perinephela Hübner, 1816 黑野螟属 Phlyctaenia Hübner, 1816 脊野螟属 Proteurrhypara Munroe et Mutuura,1969 羚野螟属 Pseudebulea Butler,1881 野螟属 Pyrausta Schrank,1802 双突野螟属 Sitochroa Hübner, 1816 柔野螟属 Tenerobotys Munroe et Mutuura,1971 窗野螟属 Torulisquama Zhang et Li,2010 缨突野螟属 Udea Guenée, 1844 长角野螟属 Uresiphita Hübner, 1816 禾螟亚科 Schoenobiinae Duponchel, 1846 Adelpherupa Hampson, 1919 (异名： Limnopsares Meyrick, 1934, Schoenoploca Meyrick, 1933) Alloperissa Meyrick, 1934 Archischoenobius Speidel, 1984 Argyrostola Hampson, 1896 Brihaspa Moore, 1868 Calamoschoena Poulton, 1916 (异名： Eurycerota Janse, 1917) Carectocultus A. Blanchard, 1975 边禾螟属 Catagela Walker, 1863 Chionobosca Turner, 1911 Cyclocausta Warren, 1889 Dejoannisia Vári, 2002 (异名： Schoenobiodes Joannis, 1927) Donacaula Meyrick, 1890 Helonastes Common, 1960 Leechia South in Leech & South, 1901 Leptosteges Warren, 1889 Leucargyra Hampson, 1896 Leucoides Hampson, 1893 Niphadoses Common, 1960 Panalipa Moore, 1866 (异名： Microschoenis Meyrick, 1887) Patissa Moore, 1886 (异名： Eurycraspeda Warren in Swinhoe, 1890) Promacrochilo Bleszynski, 1962 (异名： Macrochilo Hampson, 1896) Proschoenobius Munroe, 1974 Ramila Moore, 1868 (异名： Crambostenia Warren in Swinhoe, 1890, Ramilla West, 1931) Rupela Walker, 1863 (异名： Storteria Barnes & McDunnough, 1913) 禾螟属 Schoenobius Duponchel, 1836 (异名： Erioproctus Zeller, 1839) 白禾螟属 Scirpophaga Treitschke, 1832 (异名： Apurima Walker, 1863, Schoenophaga Duponchel, 1836, Schoinophaga Sodoffsky, 1837, Schoenophaga J. L. R. Agassiz, 1847, Spartophaga Duponchel, 1836, Tryporyza Common, 1960) Stenocalama Hampson, 1919 Tipanaea Walker, 1863 Varpa Aurivillius, 1925 苔螟亚科 Scopariinae Guenée, 1854 Afrarpia Maes, 2004 Afroscoparia Nuss, 2003 Anarpia Chapman, 1912 Antiscopa Munroe, 1964 Caradjaina Leraut, 1986 Cholius Guenée, 1845 Cosipara Munroe, 1972 Dasyscopa Meyrick, 1894 Davana Walker, 1859 Dipleurinodes Leraut, 1989 Elusia Schaus, 1940 Eudipleurina Leraut, 1989 优苔螟属 Eudonia Billberg, 1820 (异名： Boiea Zetterstedt, 1839, Borea Stephens, 1852, Dipleurina Chapman, 1912, Dipluerina Sharp, 1913, Malageudonia Leraut, 1989, Vietteina Leraut, 1989, Witlesia Chapman, 1912, Wittlesia Chapman, 1912) Gesneria Hübner, 1825 (异名： Scoparona Chapman, 1912) Gibeauxia Leraut, 1988 Helenoscoparia Nuss, 1999 Hoenia Leraut, 1986 Iranarpia Leraut, 1982 Micraglossa Warren, 1891 (异名： Microglossa Hampson, 1907) Notocrambus Turner, 1922 Pagmanella Leraut, 1985 苔螟属 Scoparia Haworth, 1811 (异名： Epileucia Stephens, 1852, Eudorea J. Curtis, 1827, Eudoria Chapman, 1912, Eudoroea Bruand, 1851, Phegea Gistel, 1848, Scopea Haworth, 1828, Sineudonia Leraut, 1986, Tetraprosopus Butler, 1882, Xeroscopa Meyrick, 1884) Syrianarpia Leraut, 1982 Toulgoetodes Leraut, 1988 斑野螟亚科 Spilomelinae Guenée, 1854 角须野螟属 Agrotera Schrank,1802 斑翅野螟属 Bocchoris Moore,1885 缀叶野螟属 Botyodes Guenée,1854 暗野螟属 Bradina Lederer,1863 纵卷叶野螟属 Cnaphalocrocis Lederer,1863 多斑野螟属 Conogethes Meyrick,1884 绢野螟属 Diaphania Hübner,1818 纹翅野螟属 Diasemia Hübner,1825 缘野螟属 Diplopseustis Meyrick,1884 展须野螟属 Eurrhyparodes Snellen,1880 绢丝野螟属 Glyphodes Guenée,1854 褐环野螟属 Haritalodes Warren,1890 切叶野螟属 Herpetogramma Lederer,1863 蚀叶野螟属 Lamprosema Hübner,1823 豆荚野螟属 Maruca Walker,1859 伸喙野螟属 Mecyna Doubleday, 1850 纹野螟属 Metoeca Warren,1896 牧野螟属 Nomophila Hübner, 1816 大卷叶野螟属 Notarcha Meyrick,1884 啮叶野螟属 Omiodes Guenée,1854 绢须野螟属 Palpita Hübner, 1808 扇野螟属 Pleuroptya Meyrick,1890 斑野螟属 Polythlipta Lederer,1863 卷野螟属 Pycnarmon Lederer,1863 角翅野螟属 Pyradena Munroe,1958 紫翅野螟属 Rehimena Walker,1866 楸蠹野螟属 Sinomphisa Munroe,1958 青野螟属 Spoladea Guenée,1854 卷叶野螟属 Syllepte Hübner,1823 緗帶野螟屬 Talanga Butler, 1880, 须歧野螟属 Trichophysetis Meyrick,1884 黑纹野螟属 Tyspanodes Warren,1891 亚科 Wurthiinae Roepke, 1916 Niphopyralis Hampson, 1893 2005. Siamusotima aranea, a New Stem-Boring Musotimine (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from Thailand Feeding on Lygodium flexuosum (Schizaeaceae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 98(6):887-895. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0013-8746(2005)098[0887:SAANSM]2.0.CO;2 Klára Řeháková, Jeffrey R. Johansen, Dale A. Casamatta, Li Xuesong & Jason Vincent (2007) Morphological and molecular characterization of selected desert soil cyanobacteria: three species new to science including Mojavia pulchra gen. et sp. Nov., Phycologia, 46:5, 481-502, DOI: 10.2216/06-92.1 Kristensen, N.P. (编). . Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies. Volume 1: Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography. Handbuch der Zoologie. Eine Naturgeschichte der Stämme des Tierreiches / Handbook of Zoology. A Natural History of the phyla of the Animal Kingdom. Band / Volume IV Arthropoda: Insecta Teilband / Part 35: 491 pp. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York.. 1999.