銀河系的衛星星系

銀河系的衛星星系是受到銀河系引力束縛的星系，是銀河系子群的一部分。它們是本地星系團，本星系群的一部分。 有61個小星系被證實在銀河系的420千秒差距（1.4 × 106光年）範圍內，但並不是所有的衛星星系都在繞著銀河系的軌道上，有些衛星星系本身可能在其它衛星星系的軌道上。這些衛星星系中，肉眼可見的只有大和小麥哲倫星雲，它們自史前以來就被觀測到。2006年，哈伯太空望遠鏡的量測表明，麥哲倫星雲可能移動得太快，無法繞銀河系運行。被證實在軌道上的星系中，最大的是人馬座矮橢球星系，其直徑為2.6千秒差距（8,500光年），或者大約是銀河系的二十分之一。 衛星星系係繞行銀河的軌道從銀河系盤邊緣的1,000光年（310秒差距）到銀河系暗物質暈邊緣的980,000 ly（300 kpc），與軌道更遠的星系相比，通常氫氣都已耗盡。這是因為它們與銀河系緻密的熱氣暈相互作用，從而從衛星星系上剝離冷氣體。該地區以外的衛星星系仍然保留著大量的氣體。 銀河系的衛星星系包括以下星系： 人馬座矮橢球星系是現時正處於被銀河系吞噬的過程中，預計將在未來1億年內再穿過銀河系的盤面。人馬座星流是從人馬座矮橢球星系中被吸取在繞銀河系極地軌道上的星流。室女座星流是另一股星流，被認為曾經是一個在軌道上繞行銀河系的矮星系，但已經被銀河系的引力完全扯散。 仙女座星系的衛星星系 最近的星系列表 本星系群 從星系中心到暗物質暈邊緣的距離是星系的維里半徑，Rvir 可能是球狀星團 David G. Turner. An Eclectic View of our Milky Way Galaxy. Canadian Journal of Physics. 15 August 2013, 92 (9): 959–963 (September 2013). Bibcode:2014CaJPh..92..959T. S2CID 118390693. arXiv:1310.0014 . doi:10.1139/cjp-2013-0429.  请检查|publication-date=中的日期值 (帮助) A. Drlica-Wagner. The Astrophysical Journal | Milky Way Satellite Census. I. 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