裂螺科

裂螺總科（學名：Fissurelloidea，亦作裂裙螺總科或透孔螺總科），其下只有裂螺科（學名：Fissurellidae Fleming, 1822，亦作裂裙螺科、钥孔䗩科:18或透孔螺科），是古腹足類支序之下的一個海洋腹足纲软体动物的科。本總科的物種因其錐狀螺殼的螺尖上有一個小孔，是海螺的一個特化體。由於整個螺殼的外形就像一條裂開了一條縫的裙襬那樣，所以被稱為裂裙螺。 根據2005年《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》基本上包括了各種笠螺，覆蓋了原來原始腹足目的大多數物種。 本科物種的分佈是世界性的，從冰冷的寒帶到熱帶都有其物種存在。 本科物種一般居住在潮間帶下部深水區的岩面或岩底。 本科的屬一般可以按四個不同的亞科來分類，分別如下： 天蓋螺亞科 Diodorinae Odhner, 1932 Cosmetalepas Iredale, 1924 天蓋螺屬 Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821 Lucapina G. B. Sowerby I, 1835：分佈於西非大西洋東岸的佛德角 Megathura Pilsbry, 1890 Monodilepas Finlay, 1927 边罅螺亚科 Emarginulinae Genus Clypidina Gray, 1847 边罅螺属 Emarginula Lamarck, 1801：又名鱗䗩屬 Genus Fissurisepta Sequenza, 1863 Genus Laeviemarginula Habe In Kuroda, 1953 Genus Nesta H. Adams, 1870 Genus Notomella Cotton, 1957 天窗䗩属 Puncturella R. T. Lowe, 1827:23 Genus Scutus Montfort, 1810 土加䗩属 Tugali Gray In Dieffenbach, 1843:23 Genus Zeidora A. Adams, 1860 Subfamily Fissurellidinae Subfamily Fissurellinae 但由於現時基於分子分類學的文獻不斷更新，現時普遍不區分亞科現詳列全部的屬。以下為現時屬於本科的屬： Altrix Palmer, 1942 Amblychilepas Pilsbry, 1890 Buchanania Lesson, 1830 Clathrosepta McLean & Geiger, 1998 Clypidina Gray, 1847 Cornisepta McLean & Geiger, 1998 Dendrofissurella Mclean and Kilburn, 1986 平傘裂裙螺（Diodora cf. mus (Reeve)） 榖米螺屬 Dentimargo 边罅螺属 Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 Fissurella Bruguière, 1789 Fissurellidea d'Orbigny, 1841 Fissurisepta Seguenza, 1863 Hemimarginula McLean, 2011 Hemitoma Swainson, 1840 Laeviemarginula Habe In Kuroda, 1953 Laevinesta Pilsbry and McGinty, 1952 Leurolepas J. H. McLean, 1970 Lucapinella Pilsbry, 1890 Macroschisma Sowerby, 1839 Manganesepta McLean & Geiger, 1998 Medusafissurella Mclean and Kilburn, 1986 Montfortia Récluz, 1843 凸螺屬 Montfortista Iredale, 1929 Montfortula Iredale, 1915 Montfortulana Habe, 1961 Nesta Adams, 1870 Octomarginula McLean, 2011 Parmaphorella Strebel, 1907 Profundisepta McLean & Geiger, 1998 天窗䗩属 Puncturella R. T. Lowe, 1827:23 Pupillaea Gray In Sowerby, 1835 Rimula DeFrance, 1827 Scelidotoma Choe, Yoon and Habe, 1992 笠罅螺屬 Scutus Montfort, 1810 Stromboli Berry, 1954 土加䗩属 Tugali Gray In Dieffenbach, 1843:23 Tugalina Habe, 1953 Variemarginula McLean, 2011 Zeidora A. Adams, 1860 異名： Austroglyphis Cotton & Godfrey, 1934: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821 Aviscutum Iredale, 1940: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810 Capiluna Gray, 1857: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821 孔螺屬 Cranopsis A. Adams, 1860：今作 天窗䗩属 Puncturella R. T. Lowe, 1827 Cemoria Risso, 1826 [ex Leach MS]: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827 Cremoria [Gray, 1842]: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827 Elegidion Iredale, 1924: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821 邊罅螺屬 Emarginella Pilsbry, 1890: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 Entomella Cotton, 1945: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 Fissuridea Swainson, 1840: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821 Glyphis Carpenter, 1857: synonym of Diodora J. E. Gray, 1821 Legrandia Beddome, 1883: synonym of Zeidora A. Adams, 1860 Megatebennus Pilsbry, 1890: synonym of Fissurellidea d'Orbigny, 1839 Nannoscutum Iredale, 1937: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810 Nesta H. Adams, 1870: synonym of Zeidora A. Adams, 1860 Notomella Cotton, 1957: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 Parmophoridea Wenz, 1938: synonym of Parmaphorella Strebel, 1907 Parmophorus Blainville, 1817: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810 Plagiorhytis P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Montfortula Iredale, 1915 Scutum P. Fischer, 1885: synonym of Scutus Montfort, 1810 Semperia Crosse, 1867: synonym of Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 Sipho T. Brown, 1827: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827 Siphonella Issel, 1869: synonym of Montfortista Iredale, 1929 Subemarginula Gray, 1847: synonym of Hemitoma Swainson, 1840 Subzeidora Iredale, 1924: synonym of Emarginula (Subzeidora) Iredale, 1924 Tugalia Gray, 1857: synonym of Tugali Gray, 1843 Vacerra Iredale, 1924: synonym of Puncturella Lowe, 1827 Zidora P. 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Jr. (1862). Monograph of the family Fissurellidae. Reprinted edition (1982). Thesaurus conchyliorum, or monographs of genera of shells. Luis Pisani Burnay: Lisboa, Portugal. 183-206, 9 col. Plates pp. 维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：裂螺科 Archerd Shell Collection : Fissurellidae Murdock, Gordon R.; Steven Vogel. Hydrodynamic induction of water flow through a keyhole limpet (gastropoda, fissurellidae). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A. 1978, 61 (2): 227–231 [2010-06-22]. doi:10.1016/0300-9629(78)90102-0.  McLean, James H.; R.N. Kilburn. Propodial elaboration in Southern African and Indian Ocean Fissurellidae (Mollusca, Prosobranchia) with description of two new genera and one new species (PDF). Contributions in Science. September 1986, 379 [2010-07-19]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2010-07-21）.  Aktipis S.W., Boehm E. & Giribet G. (2011) Another step towards understanding the slit-limpets (Fissurellidae, Fissurelloidea, Vetigastropoda, Gastropoda): a combined five-gene molecular phylogeny. 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