CD59

CD59，亦稱為「膜攻擊複合物（MAC）抑制蛋白」（MAC-inhibitory protein, MAC-IP）、「膜反应性溶血抑制物」（membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis, MIRL）、「膜攻擊複合物抑制因子」（membrane attack complex inhibitory factor, MACIF）或保護素（protectin），在人體內是一種由CD59基因編碼的糖蛋白，屬於分化簇（Cluster of Differntiation, CD）的一種。CD59屬於LY6（英语：LY6）/uPAR（英语：Urokinase receptor）/α-神經毒素（英语：alpha-neurotoxin）蛋白家族。 CD59通過糖化肌醇磷脂（英语：glycophosphatidylinositol）（GPI）基團錨定在細胞膜上。當補體系統激活並已產生C5b（英语：C5b）678複合物時，CD59會阻止補體成分C9聚集到上述複合體上，從而阻止膜攻擊複合物（MAC）的形成。同時，細胞也會收到信號，通過胞吞作用攝入CD59-CD9複合物。 能影響GPI基團的突變會引起紅細胞膜上的CD59分子和衰變加速因子（CD55）數量減少，可引發陣發性夜間血紅素尿症。 部分病毒，例如HIV、巨細胞病毒、牛痘病毒能夠通過將宿主細胞的CD59整合到自己的包膜上來逃避補體系統的攻擊。 分子与细胞生物学主题 膜攻擊複合物 衰變加速因子 與CD59相關的疾病；在維基數據上查看/編輯參考.  GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000085063 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000068686 - Ensembl, May 2017 Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.  Mouse PubMed Reference:. 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