刚毛猪笼草

刚毛猪笼草（学名：Nepenthes hirsuta）是婆罗洲特有的热带食虫植物。其最大的特点就是披被着厚厚一层棕色的毛被，而其他猪笼草多只在花序上具毛被。捕虫笼多为全绿色，内表面具一些红色的斑点。其种加词“hirsuta”来源于拉丁文“hirsūtus”，意为“多毛的，刚毛的”。 刚毛猪笼草生长于海拔200米至1100米处。其分布广泛于荒原森林、覆满苔藓的低地山地森林、开阔地和山脊下部的灌木丛。其通常生长在砂质土壤上。 刚毛猪笼草与粗毛猪笼草（N. hispida）和大型平庸猪笼草（N. macrovulgaris）之间存在着密切的近缘关系。植物学家马修·杰布和马丁·奇克还认为刚毛猪笼草与菲律宾巴拉望特有的菲律宾猪笼草（N. philippinensis）之间存在着密切的近缘关系。 在食虫植物数据库中，分类学家简·斯洛尔（Jan Schlauer）将粗毛猪笼草列为刚毛猪笼草的同物异名。 Nepenthes hirsuta var. glabrata Macf. (1908) Nepenthes hirsuta var. glabrescens W.G.Sm. (1882)[=N. distillatoria] Nepenthes hirsuta var. glabrescens rubra auct. non Hort. ex Rafarin: Nichols. (1892) [=N. distillatoria] Nepenthes hirsuta var. typica Macf. (1908) nom.illeg. N. albomarginata × N. hirsuta N. ampullaria × N. hirsuta ? N. hirsuta × N. lowii （拉丁文） Hooker, J.D. 1873. Ordo CLXXV bis. Nepenthaceæ. In: A. de Candolle Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 17: 90–105. 夏洛特. 食蟲植物觀賞&栽培圖鑑. 台北: 商周出版. 2007: 75. ISBN 978-986-124-850-9.  Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. Pitcher-Plants of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. Clarke, C.M. 1997. Nepenthes of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 1999. Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) in Palawan, Philippines. Kew Bulletin 54(4): 887–895. doi:10.2307/4111166 Schlauer, J. 2000. Literature Reviews.PDF Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 29(2): 53. Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes hirsuta （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Carnivorous Plant Database. Macfarlane, J.M. 1908. Nepenthaceae. In: A. Engler. Das Pflanzenreich IV, III, Heft 36: 1–91. Smith, W.G. 1882. New garden plants. Nepenthes hirsuta var. glabrescens. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 17(430): 398–399. Phillipps, A., A. Lamb & C.C. Lee 2008. Pitcher Plants of Borneo. Second Edition. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. Adam, J.H., C.C. Wilcock & M.D. Swaine 1992. The ecology and distribution of Bornean Nepenthes.PDF Journal of Tropical Forest Science 5(1): 13–25. Adam, J.H. & C.C. Wilcock 1999. Palynological study of Bornean Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae).PDF Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 22(1): 1–7. Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x Bourke, G. 2010. The climbing pitcher plants of the Kelabit highlands.PDF Captive Exotics Newsletter 1(1): 4–7. Bourke, G. 2010. Plant profile: Nepenthes hirsuta Kuching Spotted.PDF Captive Exotics Newsletter 1(3): 10. Bourke, G. 2011. The Nepenthes of Mulu National Park. Carniflora Australis 8(1): 20–31. Burbidge, F.W. 1882. Notes on the new Nepenthes.（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 17(420): 56. Clarke et al. Nepenthes hirsuta. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2000. [10 May 2006].  引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link) Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15. Damayanti, F., M. Mansur & I. Roostika 2011. Diversity of Nepenthes spp. in West Kalimantan. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 3(13): 705–708. Lee, C.C. 2000. Recent Nepenthes Discoveries（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. [video] The 3rd Conference of the International Carnivorous Plant Society, San Francisco, USA. Lee, C.C. 2002. Nepenthes species of the Hose Mountains in Sarawak, Borneo.PDF Proceedings of the 4th International Carnivorous Plant Conference, Hiroshima University, Tokyo: 25–30. Lee, C.C. 2002. Nepenthes species of the Hose Mountains in Sarawak, Borneo（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. [video] The 4th International Carnivorous Plant Conference, Tokyo, Japan. (video by Irmgard & Siegfried R. H. Hartmeyer) （印尼文） Mansur, M. 2001. Koleksi Nepenthes di Herbarium Bogoriense: prospeknya sebagai tanaman hias.PDF In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253. （印尼文） Mansur, M. 2007. Keanekaragaman jenis Nepenthes (kantong semar) dataran rendah di Kalimantan Tengah. [Diversity of lowland Nepenthes (kantong semar) in Central Kalimantan.] Berita Biologi 8(5): 335–341. Abstract Mansur, M. & F.Q. Brearley 2008. Ecological studies on Nepenthes at Barito Ulu, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan 9(3): 271–276. McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Borneo. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology 3(2): 164–175. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12897 （德文） Meimberg, H. 2002. Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l..PDF Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich. Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. doi:10.1055/s-2006-924676 Meimberg, H., S. Thalhammer, A. Brachmann & G. Heubl 2006. Comparative analysis of a translocated copy of the trnK intron in carnivorous family Nepenthaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 478–490. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.11.023 Renner, T. & C.D. Specht 2011. A sticky situation: assessing adaptations for plant carnivory in the Caryophyllales by means of stochastic character mapping. International Journal of Plant Sciences 172(7): 889–901. doi:10.1086/660882 Russell, C. & E. Ossian 1990. Opportunistic feeding involving the pitcher plants Nepenthes hirsuta, Nepenthes gracilis and the epiphytic orchid Schomburgkia tibicinis, or natural ant eradication, the rube goldberg method. The Orchid Digest 54(4): 182–184. Steiner, H. 2002. Borneo: Its Mountains and Lowlands with their Pitcher Plants. Toihaan Publishing Company, Kota Kinabalu. viii + 136 pp. Thorogood, C. 2010. The Malaysian Nepenthes: Evolutionary and Taxonomic Perspectives. Nova Science Publishers, New York. 食虫植物照片搜寻引擎中刚毛猪笼草的照片（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源：刚毛猪笼草 維基物種上的相關信息：刚毛猪笼草