胡丙长

胡丙长（英語：Frank Hu，1966年—）是一名美國華裔學者，現為美國哈佛大學營養學與流行病學教授，美國國家醫學院院士，同時為美国波士顿肥胖与营养研究中心流行病学与生物统计室主任。主要从事营养与慢性疾病的关系研究。 胡丙長於1966年10月出生于中國湖北省洪湖縣（現洪湖市），1988年毕业于华中科技大学同济医学院，1994年，獲美国伊利諾大學芝加哥分校公共卫生硕士学位，1996年获得伊利諾大學芝加哥分校博士学位。曾任哈佛公共卫生学院和哈佛医学院助理教授、副教授和终身教授、兼任华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院长江学者讲座教授。 2014年，被中国国务院侨办聘为海外专家咨询委员会委员。 2015年10月19日胡丙长當選為美國國立醫學研究院（英语：National Academy of Medicine）（NAM）院士，這是健康和醫學領域的最高榮譽之一。 胡丙长在《新英格兰医学杂志》（NEJM）、《美国医学会杂志》（JAMA）、《柳叶刀》（Lancet）等顶尖医学杂志上发表了多篇文章，並在糖尿病和冠心病的病因与预防领域取得了世界公认的成就，特别对营养、遗传因素及其交互作用在肥胖与糖尿病发生发展中的作用作出了原创性的贡献。他的小組對許多飲食和生活方式因素以及罹患糖尿病和心血管疾病的風險進行了詳細分析，包括含糖飲料、咖啡、紅肉、飽和和多元不飽和脂肪、鐵質和飲食習慣，這些發現為當前的公共衛生建議和預防慢性病的政策做出了貢獻。此外，胡丙長還與來自中國的研究人員合作，研究了中國人群的營養轉變，代謝表型和心血管疾病；他的研究還擴展到全球營養，肥胖和政策問題。另外，他的研究证实了反式脂肪对心脏的危害（在1997年被美国心脏病协会列为10大杰出的研究成果之一），以及中度剧烈的体力活动能预防糖尿病的发生 。同時他也對含糖飲料以及肥胖、2型糖尿病和心血管疾病的風險進行了廣泛的研究。 2010年胡丙長獲得美國糖尿病協會（英语：American Diabetes Association）頒發的凱利·韋斯特流行病學傑出成就獎（英语：Kelly West Award），并曾获两个年度的美国心脏协会最佳十项研究进展奖。 2017年，獲頒華中科大「傑出校友」榮譽稱號。 Frank Hu. [2019-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.  Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center. [2019-12-28]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-24）.  NAM Elects 80 New Members. [2019-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-15）.  Ding, M; Bhupathiraju, SN; Satija, A; van Dam, RM; Hu, FB. Long-term coffee consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Circulation. February 2014, 129 (6): 643–59. PMC 3945962 . PMID 24201300. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005925.  Ding, M; Bhupathiraju, SN; Chen, M; van Dam, RM; Hu, FB. Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and a dose-response meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2014, 37 (2): 569–86. PMC 3898757 . PMID 24459154. doi:10.2337/dc13-1203.  Ding, M; Satija, A; Bhupathiraju, SN; Hu, Y; Sun, Q; Han, J; Lopez-Garcia, E; Willett, W; van Dam, RM; Hu, FB. Association of Coffee Consumption With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in 3 Large Prospective Cohorts. Circulation. 2015, 132 (24): 2305–15. PMC 4679527 . PMID 26572796. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.017341.  Pan, A; Sun, Q; Bernstein, AM; et al. Red meat consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: 3 cohorts of US adults and an updated meta-analysis. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. October 2011, 94 (4): 1088–96. PMC 3173026 . PMID 21831992. doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.018978.  Pan, A; Sun, Q; Bernstein, AM; Schulze, MB; Manson, JE; Stampfer, MJ; Willett, WC; Hu, FB. Red meat consumption and mortality: results from 2 prospective cohort studies. Arch. Intern. Med. 2012, 172 (7): 555–63. PMC 3712342 . PMID 22412075. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.2287.  Jiang, R; Manson, JE; Meigs, JB; Ma, J; Rifai, N; Hu, FB. Body iron stores in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy womens. JAMA. 2004, 291 (6): 711–7. PMID 14871914. doi:10.1001/jama.291.6.711.  Halton, TL; Willett, WC; Liu, S; et al. Low-carbohydrate-diet score and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N. Engl. J. Med. November 2006, 355 (19): 1991–2002. PMID 17093250. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa055317.  Heidemann, C; Schulze, MB; Franco, OH; van Dam, RM; Mantzoros, CS; Hu, FB. Dietary patterns and risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all causes in a prospective cohort of women. Circulation. July 2008, 118 (3): 230–7. PMC 2748772 . PMID 18574045. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.771881.  Satija, A; Bhupathiraju, SN; Rimm, EB; Spiegelman, D; Chiuve, SE; Borgi, L; Willett, WC; Manson, JE; Sun, Q; Hu, FB. Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in US Men and Women: Results from Three Prospective Cohort Studies. PLoS Med. 2016, 13 (6): e1002039. PMC 4907448 . PMID 27299701. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002039.  Li, Y; He, Y; Qi, L; Jaddoe, VW; Feskens, EJ; Yang, X; Ma, G; Hu, FB. Exposure to the Chinese famine in early life and the risk of hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Diabetes. 2010, 59 (10): 2400–6. PMC 3279550 . PMID 20622161. doi:10.2337/db10-0385.  Li, Y; Wang, DD; Ley, SH; Howard, AG; He, Y; Lu, Y; Danaei, G; Hu, FB. Potential Impact of Time Trend of Life-Style Factors on Cardiovascular Disease Burden in China. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016, 68 (8): 818–33. PMC 5850940 . PMID 27539174. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.06.011.  Malik, VS; Willett, WC; Hu, FB. Global obesity: trends, risk factors and policy implications. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013, 9 (1): 13–27. PMID 23165161. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.199.  Hu, FB. Globalization of diabetes: The role of diet, lifestyle, and genes (The Kelly West Lecture) (PDF). Diabetes Care. 2011, 34 (6): 1249–57 [2019-12-23]. PMC 3114340 . PMID 21617109. doi:10.2337/dc11-0442. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-11-04）.  Hu, F. B.; Manson, J. E.; Stampfer, M. J.; Colditz, G; Liu, S; Solomon, C. G.; Willett, W. C. Diet, lifestyle, and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women (PDF). New England Journal of Medicine. 2001, 345 (11): 790–7. PMID 11556298. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa010492.  Schulze, M. B.; Manson, J. E.; Ludwig, D. S.; Colditz, G. A.; Stampfer, M. J.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened beverages, weight gain, and incidence of type 2 diabetes in young and middle-aged women. JAMA. 2004, 292 (8): 927–34. PMID 15328324. doi:10.1001/jama.292.8.927.  Malik, V. S.; Schulze, M. B.; Hu, F. B. Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: A systematic review. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2006, 84 (2): 274–288. PMC 3210834 . PMID 16895873. doi:10.1093/AJCN/84.2.274.  Malik, V. S.; Popkin, B. M.; Bray, G. A.; Després, J. P.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened beverages, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease risk. Circulation. 2010, 121 (11): 1356–64. PMC 2862465 . PMID 20308626. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.876185.  Malik, V. S.; Popkin, B. M.; Bray, G. A.; Despres, J. -P.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2010, 33 (11): 2477–2483. PMC 2963518 . PMID 20693348. doi:10.2337/dc10-1079.  De Koning, L; Malik, V. S.; Rimm, E. B.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened beverage consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011, 93 (6): 1321–7. PMC 3095502 . PMID 21430119. doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.007922.  De Koning, L; Malik, V. S.; Kellogg, M. D.; Rimm, E. B.; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sweetened beverage consumption, incident coronary heart disease, and biomarkers of risk in men. Circulation. 2012, 125 (14): 1735–41, S1. PMC 3368965 . PMID 22412070. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.067017.  Malik, V. S.; Pan, A; Willett, W. C.; Hu, F. B. Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain in children and adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2013, 98 (4): 1084–102. PMC 3778861 . PMID 23966427. doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.058362.  Hu, F. B. Resolved: There is sufficient scientific evidence that decreasing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption will reduce the prevalence of obesity and obesity-related diseases. Obesity Reviews. 2013, 14 (8): 606–19. PMC 5325726 . PMID 23763695. doi:10.1111/obr.12040.  Malik, V. S.; Hu, F. B. Fructose and Cardiometabolic Health: What the Evidence From Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Tells Us.. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2015, 66 (14): 1615–24. PMC 4592517 . PMID 26429086. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.025.  Frank Hu receives award for diabetes epidemiology research.. [2019-12-23]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-23）.  Kelly M. West Award.. [2014-10-21]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-21）.  胡丙長院士獲頒 華中科大「傑出校友」榮譽稱號[失效連結] Frank Hu - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Frank Hu （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） at Google Scholar