水塔花属

水塔花属（学名：Billbergia）是凤梨科下的一个属，为无茎草本植物。该属共有约60种，分布于热带美洲。 水塔花屬植物需要充足的陽光，但過強的陽光會造成葉色變黃，甚至造成日曬病，所以陽光太強時需要遮蔭。生長適溫大約攝氏20到28度，超過30度會使開花減少。冬天進入休眠期後，溫度低於10至15度時會造成花期後延，高於20度也會影響來年生長。 本属包括以下物种： Billbergia acreana H. Luther - Acre Billbergia alfonsi-joannis Reitz - from Espírito Santo to Santa Catarina Billbergia amandae W.Weber - 巴西，可能已灭绝 Billbergia ambigua (L.B.Sm. & Read) Betancur & N.R.Salinas - Antioquia Billbergia amoena (Loddiges) Lindley - Brazil Billbergia brachysiphon L.B. Smith - Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador Billbergia bradeana L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo 巴西水塔花 Billbergia brasiliensis L.B. Smith - Rio de Janeiro Billbergia buchholtzii Mez（英语：Carl Christian Mez） - Brazil, but probably extinct Billbergia cardenasii L.B. Smith - 玻利维亚 Billbergia castelensis E. Pereira - Espírito Santo Billbergia chlorantha L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo Billbergia × claudioi Leme - 巴西 Billbergia cylindrostachya Mez（英语：Carl Christian Mez） - Rio de Janeiro Billbergia dasilvae Leme - Rondônia Billbergia decora Poeppig & Endlicher - Peru, Bolivia, Brazil Billbergia distachya (Vellozo) Mez（英语：Carl Christian Mez） - southern Brazil Billbergia domingosmartinsis E.Gross - Espírito Santo Billbergia elegans Martius ex Schultes f. - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais Billbergia eloiseae L.B. Smith & R.W. Read - Colombia Billbergia euphemiae E. Morren（英语：Charles Jacques Édouard Morren） - southeastern Brazil 台湾水塔花 Billbergia formosa Ule - Peru Billbergia horrida Regel - southeastern Brazil Billbergia incarnata (Ruiz & Pavón) Schultes f. - Peru Billbergia iridifolia (Nees & Martius) Lindley - southeastern Brazil Billbergia issingiana T. Krömer & E. Gross - 玻利维亚 Billbergia jandebrabanderi R. Vásquez & Ibisch - Bolivia Billbergia kautskyana E. Pereira - Espírito Santo Billbergia kuhlmannii L.B. Smith - Brazil, Bolivia Billbergia laxiflora L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo Billbergia leptopoda L.B. Smith - Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais Billbergia lietzei E. Morren（英语：Charles Jacques Édouard Morren） - Espírito Santo Billbergia lymanii E. Pereira & Leme - southeastern Brazil Billbergia macracantha E. Pereira - Rio de Janeiro Billbergia macrocalyx Hooker - Bahia, Minas Gerais Billbergia macrolepis L.B. Smith - Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, 委内瑞拉, Guyana Billbergia magnifica Mez（英语：Carl Christian Mez） - Brazil, Paraguay Billbergia manarae Steyermark - 委内瑞拉 Billbergia meyeri Mez（英语：Carl Christian Mez） - Brazil, Bolivia Billbergia microlepis L.B. Smith - Bolivia Billbergia minarum L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais Billbergia morelii Brongniart - 巴西东部 Billbergia nana E. Pereira - Bahia, Espírito Santo 垂花水塔花 Billbergia nutans H. Wendland ex Regel：見於巴西、阿根廷、烏拉圭及巴拉圭。 Billbergia oxysepala Mez（英语：Carl Christian Mez） - Acre, Ecuador Billbergia pallidiflora Liebmann - Mexico and Central America from Sinaloa to Nicaragua Billbergia pohliana Mez（英语：Carl Christian Mez） - Minas Gerais Billbergia porteana Brongniart ex Beer - Brazil, Paraguay 紅筆鳳梨 Billbergia pyramidalis (Sims) Lindley：巴西、委內瑞拉、法屬圭亞那、小安的列斯群岛及古巴；亦已在毛里求斯歸化。 Billbergia reichardtii Wawra（英语：Heinrich Wawra von Fernsee） - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais Billbergia robert-readii E. Gross & Rauh - Peru Billbergia rosea hortus ex Beer - Trinidad, Venezuela Billbergia rubicunda Mez（英语：Carl Christian Mez） - Suriname Billbergia rupestris L.B. Smith - Colombia, Acre Billbergia sanderiana E. Morren（英语：Charles Jacques Édouard Morren） - southeastern Brazil Billbergia seidelii L.B. Smith & Reitz - Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro Billbergia stenopetala Harms - Ecuador, 秘鲁 Billbergia tessmannii Harms - 秘鲁 Billbergia tweedieana Baker - 巴西东南部 Billbergia velascana M. Cardenas - 玻利维亚 Billbergia violacea Beer - Guianas, Brazil 绿花水塔花 Billbergia viridiflora H. Wendland - Belize, Guatemala, Tabasco 條紋水塔花 Billbergia vittata Brongniart：見於巴西東部 Billbergia zebrina (Herbert) Lindley - Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.  國立自然科學博物館. [2019-07-13]. （原始内容存档于2019-07-13） （中文）.