卡洛登战役

卡洛登战役（Battle of Culloden）1746年4月16日发生于苏格兰印威內斯东部的卡洛登原野，对阵双方是英格兰王国汉诺威王朝政府军和宣称英王所有权的前斯图亚特王朝支持者詹姆斯党，最终前者获胜。该战役是英国本土最后一次激战。 Site Record for Culloden Moor, Battlefield; Culloden Muir; Culloden Battlefield; Battle Of Culloden. Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. [失效連結] Pittock (2016). Harrington (1991), p. 83. McGarry, Stephen. Irish Brigades Abroad. The History Press. 2013. ISBN 978-1-84588-799-5.  Barthorp, Michael. The Jacobite Rebellions 1689–1745. Men-at-arms series 118. Osprey Publishing. 1982. ISBN 978-0-85045-432-1.  Brown, Stewart J. William Robertson and the Expansion of Empire. Cambridge University Press. 1997. ISBN 978-0-521-57083-1.  Patterson, Raymond Campbell. A Land Afflicted: Scotland & the Covenanter Wars, 1638–90. 1998.  Cowan, Ian. The Scottish Covenanters, 1660–1688. London. 1976. ISBN 978-0-575-02105-1.  含有內容需登入查看的頁面 (link) Duffy, Christopher. The '45: Bonnie Prince Charlie and the Untold Story of the Jacobite Rising. Cassel. 2003. ISBN 978-0-304-35525-9.  Harrington, Peter. Chandler, David G. , 编. Culloden 1746, The Highland Clans' Last Charge. Campaign series 12. Osprey Publishing. 1991. ISBN 978-1-85532-158-8.  Gibson, John G. Old and New World Highland Bagpiping. McGill-Queen's University Press. 2002. ISBN 978-0-7735-2291-6.  Harris, Tim. Restoration: Charles II and his Kingdoms, 1660–1685. London. 2005.  Harris, Tim. Revolution: The Great Crisis of the British Monarchy, 1685–1720. London. 2006.  Lockhart, George. The Lockhart papers: containing memoirs and commentaries upon the affairs of Scotland from 1702 to 1715 2. London: London, Printed by R. and A. Taylor, for W. Anderson. 1817.  Maclean, Fitzroy. Scotland, A Concise History. Thames and Hudson. 1991. ISBN 978-0-500-27706-5.  Magnusson, Magnus. Scotland: The Story of a Nation. Grove Press. 2003. ISBN 978-0-8021-3932-0.  Monod, Paul Kleber. Jacobitism and the English People, 1688–1788. Cambridge University Press. 1993. ISBN 978-0-521-44793-5.  Paoletti, Ciro. "The Battle of Culloden: A Pivotal Moment in World History." Journal of Military History 81.1 (2017). pp 187–198. Pickering, W. (编). An Old Story Re-told From The "Newcastle Courant". The Rebellion of 1745.. 1881 [2022-05-23]. （原始内容存档于2022-05-23）.  Pollars, Tony, ed. Culloden: The History and Archaeology of the Last Clan Battle (Pen & Sword Military, 2009) Prebble, John. Culloden. Atheneum. 1962.  Prebble, John. The Lion in the North. Penguin Books. 1973. ISBN 978-0-14-003652-7.  Reid, Stuart. British Redcoat 1740–1793. Warrior series 19. London: Osprey Publishing. 1996. ISBN 978-1-85532-554-8.  Reid, Stuart. 1745, A Military History of the Last Jacobite Rising. Sarpedon. 1996. ISBN 978-1-885119-28-5.  Reid, Stuart. Highland Clansman 1689–1746. Warrior series 21. Osprey Publishing. 1997. ISBN 978-1-85532-660-6.  Reid, Stuart. Culloden Moor 1746: The Death of the Jacobite Cause. Campaign series 106. Osprey Publishing. 2002. ISBN 978-1-84176-412-2.  Reid, Stuart. The Scottish Jacobite Army 1745–46. Elite series 149. Osprey Publishing. 2006. ISBN 978-1-84603-073-4.  Roberts, John Leonard. The Jacobite Wars: Scotland and the Military Campaigns of 1715 and 1745. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 2002. ISBN 978-1-902930-29-9.  Royle, Trevor. Culloden: Scotland’s Last Battle and the Forging of the British Empire (Abacus, 2017). Sadler, John. Culloden: The Last Charge of the Highland Clans. NPI Media Group. 2006. ISBN 978-0-7524-3955-6.  Smith, Hannah. Georgian Monarchy: Politics and Culture. Cambridge University Press. 2006.  Smurthwaite, David. Ordnance Survey Complete Guide to the Battlefields of Britain. Webb & Bower. 1984.  Thompson, Andrew C. (2011) George II: King and Elector. New Haven, CT / London: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11892-6 Trench, Charles Chevenix (1975) George II. London: Allen Lane. ISBN 0-7139-0481-X Film and documentaries Watkins, Peter (director/writer). Culloden. BBC. 15 December 1964.  Culloden: The Jacobites' Last Stand. Battlefield Britain. 2004. BBC.  互联网电影数据库（IMDb）上《The Battle of Culloden》的资料（英文） (TV movie, BBC, 1964)