中华根瘤菌属

剑菌属（学名：Ensifer）是根瘤菌目根瘤菌科下的一属。中华根瘤菌属（学名：Sinorhizobium）是剑菌属的同属异名。中华根瘤菌属中的草木樨中华根瘤菌（Sinorhizobium meliloti）与苜蓿中华根瘤菌（Sinorhizobium medicae）进行过测序。 该属曾先后于1982年与1988年被命名为剑菌属（Ensifer）与中华根瘤菌属（Sinorhizobium）。根据国际原核微生物系统学委员会（International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes，ISCP）的《细菌学法规》（Bacteriological Code）规定，发表时间更早的名称有优先命名权。由于有人提议将当时剑菌属的唯一物种附着剑菌（Ensifer adhaerens）并入中华根瘤菌属，为此ISCP设立了一个专门分委会对此进行评估。最终剑菌属保留其名称，并将所有中华根瘤菌属的物种并入剑菌属之中。虽然如此，在大多学术著作中还是同时延用了这两个名称，而中华根瘤菌属一名则更为常见。 本属包括以下物种： 附着剑菌 Ensifer adhaerens Casida 1982 碱土剑菌 Ensifer alkalisoli Li et al. 2016 Ensifer americanus (Toledo et al. 2004) Wang et al. 2015，也拼作：Ensifer americanum Ensifer arboris (Nick et al. 1999) Young 2003 Ensifer aridi Rocha et al. 2020 Ensifer aridi Le Quere et al. 2017 加拿大剑菌 Ensifer canadensis Bromfield et al. 2023 Ensifer collicola Jang et al. 2017 Ensifer fredii (Scholla and Elkan 1984) Young 2003 Ensifer garamanticus Merabet et al. 2010 Ensifer glycinis Yan et al. 2016 Ensifer kostiensis (Nick et al. 1999) Young 2003 Ensifer kummerowiae (Wei et al. 2002) Young 2003 Ensifer medicae (Rome et al. 1996) Young 2003 草木樨中华根瘤菌 Ensifer meliloti (Dangeard 1926) Young 2003 墨西哥剑菌 Ensifer mexicanus Lloret et al. 2011 Ensifer morelensis (Wang et al. 2002) Wang et al. 2015，也拼作：Ensifer morelense 努米底亚剑菌 Ensifer numidicus Merabet et al. 2010 Ensifer oleiphilus Ershov et al. 2023 Ensifer psoraleae Wang et al. 2015 Ensifer saheli (De Lajudie et al. 1994) Young 2003 Ensifer sesbaniae Wang et al. 2015 Ensifer shofinae Chen et al. 2017 菽剑菌 Ensifer sojae Li et al. 2011） 好客中华根瘤菌 Sinorhizobium terangae corrig. De Lajudie et al. 1994 Ensifer terangae (De Lajudie et al. 1994) Young 2003 新疆剑菌 Ensifer xinjiangensis (Chen et al. 1988) Young 2003 归入本属的物种： Sinorhizobium abri Ogasawara et all. 2003 美洲中华根瘤菌 Sinorhizobium americanum corrig. Toledo et al. 2003 木本树中华根瘤菌 Sinorhizobium arboris Nick et al. 1999 Sinorhizobium chiapanecum Rincón-Rosales et al. 2009 费氏中华根瘤菌 Sinorhizobium fredii Scholla and Elkan 1984 emend. De Lajudie et al. 1994 Sinorhizobium indiaense Ogasawara et all. 2003 柯斯第中华根瘤菌 Sinorhizobium kostiense Nick et al. 1999 鸡眼草中华根瘤菌 Sinorhizobium kummerowiae Wei et al. 2002 苜蓿中华根瘤菌 Sinorhizobium medicae Rome et al. 1996 草木樨中华根瘤菌 Sinorhizobium meliloti (Dangeard 1926) De Lajudie et al. 1994 萨赫靳中华根瘤菌 Sinorhizobium saheli De Lajudie et al. 1994 Ensifer sesbaniae Wang et al. 2015 Ensifer shofinae Chen et al. 2017 Ensifer sojae Li et al. 2011 Ensifer terangae (De Lajudie et al. 1994) Young 2003 新疆中华根瘤菌 Ensifer xinjiangensis (Chen et al. 1988) Young 2003，为Ensifer fredii (Scholla and Elkan 1984) Young 2003的异名 List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature—Genus Sinorhizobium. [2011-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-19）.  List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature—Genus Ensifer. [2011-11-05]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-19）.  Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria. New York, New York: Springer. 2005: 354–361. ISBN 978-0-387-24145-6.  引文使用过时参数coauthors (帮助) Galibert, F.; et al. The composite genome of the legume symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti.. Science. 2001, 293 (5530): 668–672 [2011-11-05]. PMID 11474104. doi:10.1126/science.1060966. （原始内容存档于2008-06-21）.  引文格式1维护：显式使用等标签 (link) NCBI Genome Page for Sinorhizobium meliloti NCBI Genome Page for Sinorhizobium medicae Young, J. M. The genus name Ensifer Casida 1982 takes priority over Sinorhizobium Chen et al. 1988, and Sinorhizobium morelense Wang et al. 2002 is a later synonym of Ensifer adhaerens Casida 1982. Is the combination ‘Sinorhizobium adhaerens’ (Casida 1982) Willems et al. 2003 legitimate? Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 2003, 53 (6): 2107–2110 [2011-11-05]. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02665-0. （原始内容存档于2009-02-11）.  Lindström, K., and Martinez-Romero, M. E. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium. Minutes of the meeting, 4 July 2001, Hamilton, Canada. (PDF). Int J Syst Bacteriol. 2002, 52 (6): 2337 [2011-11-05]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2007-09-29）.  Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. The genus name Sinorhizobium Chen et al. 1988 is a later synonym of Ensifer Casida 1982 and is not conserved over the latter genus name, and the species name ‘Sinorhizobium adhaerens’ is not validly published. Opinion 84.. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 2008, 58 (Pt 8): 1973. PMID 18676490. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.2008/005991-0. [永久失效連結] Sinorhizobium Chen et al., 1988. GBIF. [2022-11-13]. （原始内容存档于2022-11-13）.  L. E. Casida, Jr. Ensifer adhaerens gen. nov., sp. nov.: A Bacterial Predator of Bacteria in Soil. 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