世界能力運動會

世界能力運動會（World Abilitysport Games），前身為世界輪椅及截肢者運動會(IWAS World Games)及斯托克·曼德维爾（Stoke Mandeville）輪椅運動會，並合併世界腦性麻痺運動會(CPISPRA World Games)，是一個多項目的身障者運動會。首屆是由路德維希·古特曼於1948年舉辦。 2023年，國際輪椅及截肢者運動總會(IWAS)及腦性麻痺國際運動與休閒協會(CPISRA)合併為世界能力運動總會，賽事更名為世界能力運動會。 1948: Stoke Mandeville Games for the Paralyzed July 28, 1948, archery competition, 16 competitors (14 men, 2 women) 1949–1951: Stoke Mandeville Games 1952:Stoke Mandeville, England – First International Stoke Mandeville Games A Dutch team participated, making it an international event 1953–1959: International Stoke Mandeville Games (2nd–8th) 1960: 9th Annual International Stoke Mandeville Games, Rome, Italy – later known as the 1st Paralympic Games 1961–1963: International Stoke Mandeville Games (10th–12th) 1964: 13th International Stoke Mandeville Games for the Paralysed, Tokyo, Japan – later known as the 2nd Paralympic Games 1965–1967: International Stoke Mandeville Games (14th–16th) 1968: 17th International Stoke Mandeville Games, Tel Aviv, Israel – later known as the 3rd Paralympic Games 1969–1972: International Stoke Mandeville Games (18th–20th) 1972: 21st International Stoke Mandeville Games,Heidelberg, Germany – later known as the 4th Paralympic Games 1973–1975: International Stoke Mandeville Games 1976: None (5th Paralympic Year) 1977–1979: International Stoke Mandeville Games 1980: None (6th Paralympic Year) 1981–1983: International Stoke Mandeville Games 1984: None (7th Paralympic Year) 1985–1987: International Stoke Mandeville Games 1988: None (8th Paralympic Year) 1989–1991: International Stoke Mandeville Games 1992: None (9th Paralympic Year) 1993–1995: International Stoke Mandeville Games 1996: None (10th Paralympic Year) 1997–2000 – World Wheelchair Games 2000: None (11th Paralympic Year) 2001–2003: World Wheelchair Games 2004: None (12th Paralympic Year) 2005: World Wheelchair and Amputee Games 里約熱內盧,  巴西 2006: World Wheelchair and Amputee Games 班加羅爾,  印度 2007: World Wheelchair and Amputee Games 臺北市,  中華臺北 2008: None (13th Paralympic Year) 2009: IWAS World Games – 班加羅爾,  印度, 2011: IWAS World Games – 夏尔迦,  阿联酋 2012: None (14th Paralympic Year) 2013: IWAS World Games 斯塔茨卡納爾,  荷蘭 2015: IWAS World Games 索契,  俄羅斯 2016: None (15th Paralympic Year) 2017: IWAS World Games 聖安東尼奧雷阿爾城,  葡萄牙 2019: IWAS World Games 沙迦,  阿联酋 2021: None (16th Paralympic Year) 2022: IWAS World Games 聖安東尼奧雷阿爾城,  葡萄牙 2023: 世界能力運動會 呵叻， 泰國 Paralympics: Where Heroes Come （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, by Dr. Robert Steadward and Cynthia Peterson. Edmonton, Alberta: One Shot Holdings Ltd., 1997, melazerte.com, May 30, 2010 Remembering Paralympics past （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, BBC, July 15, 2008 The Paralympics: It all started with Veterans （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Veteran Affairs Canada Chronology of Events in the Development of Wheelchair Basketball （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (IWBF) Rome 1960 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, International Paralympic Committee (IPC) 奕辰; 建宇. SSO77 Free Spins. [2024-07-19].  The Thirteenth International Stoke Mandeville Games for The Paralysed （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, dinf.ne.jp, March 17, 1999 Summer Games Governance 1960 to 1992 Archive.is的存檔，存档日期2012-12-16, International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS) 21st Wheelchair Olympics, by Charles J. Bierbauer, The Pittsburgh Press, August 1, 1972, Google News Archive Search 2003 World Wheelchair Games / Jeux Mondiaux 2003 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Canadian Wheelchair Sports Association 2005 World Wheelchair and Amputee Games （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, cwsa.ca 21. Sports – Accomplishments Abroad – The First IWAS World Wheelchair and Amputee Games （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, gio.gov.tw Singapore wins 14 medals at World Wheelchair and Amputee Games 2007 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, sglead.wordpress.com, September 18, 2007 IWAS World Wheelchair & Amputee Games 2009, , International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS). [2017-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2012-09-08）.  The Official Website of IWAS World Games 2009. [2017-07-09]. （原始内容存档于2010-05-07）.  IWAS World Games 2009 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS), November 24, 2009 IWAS announced today that the bid to host the IWAS World Games （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation (IWAS), February 8, 2011