萨奇卡龙属

萨奇卡龙（学名：Sachicasaurus）是上龙科短颈龙亚科（英语：Brachaucheninae）已灭绝的一个属，化石发现于安第斯哥伦比亚东部山脉昆迪博亚卡高原巴列姆阶的帕哈组（英语：Paja Formation）。模式种是生命萨奇卡龙（S. vitae）。 属名Sachicasaurus取自化石发现地萨奇卡，而saurus在拉丁化希腊语中意为“蜥蜴”。种加词vitae在拉丁语中意为“生命”，之所以选择此名，是因为发现的化石激发了萨奇卡的生命。 萨奇卡龙是种大型上龙类，正模标本长约10米（33英尺）、重约17公噸（19短噸）。正模标本MP111209-1于2013年发现，由一个接近完整的颅骨，及包括一条完整后肢与各类椎骨在内的颅后材料组成。鉴别特征包括下颌骨联合很短、下颌齿数目减少（17至18颗，而其它上龙为25至40颗）、牙齿细长及其它特征。标本保存下来的部分为9.9米（32英尺）长（可能缺少尾部末端的椎骨），被解释为一具亚成体。它是最大最完整的上龙科标本之一。 萨奇卡龙是帕哈组发现的四种上龙科之一，另外三种是阿科斯达龙、窄鼻龙和蒙基拉龙（英语：Monquirasaurus）。萨奇卡龙还与薄板龙科的卡拉瓦亚龙和莱瓦泳龙、海龟类的帕迪亚链龟（英语：Desmatochelys）、桑当龟科的莱瓦龟（英语：Leyvachelys）及大眼鱼龙科的穆伊斯卡鱼龙（英语：Muiscasaurus）和锋齿鱼龙（英语：Kyhytysuka）同期共存。 Páramo Fonseca, María Eurídice; Benavides Cabra, Cristian David; Gutiérrez, Ingry Esmirna. A new large pliosaurid from the Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Sáchica, Boyacá, Colombia. Earth Sciences Research Journal. 2018, 22 (4): 223–238. S2CID 135054193. doi:10.15446/esrj.v22n4.69916 .  Zhao, R.J. Body reconstruction and size estimation of plesiosaurs. 2024. bioRxiv 10.1101/2024.02.15.578844 .  Zverkov, E. M.; Pervushov. A gigantic pliosaurid from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of the Volga Region, Russia. Cretaceous Research. 2020, 110. Bibcode:2020CrRes.11004419Z. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104419.  Gómez Pérez, Marcela; Noè, Leslie F. Cranial anatomy of a new pliosaurid Acostasaurus pavachoquensis from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia, South America. Palaeontographica Abteilung A. 2017, 310 (1–2): 5–42 [2019-03-09]. Bibcode:2017PalAA.310....5G. doi:10.1127/pala/2017/0068.  Páramo, María E.; Gómez Pérez, Marcela; Noé, Leslie F.; Etayo, Fernando. Stenorhynchosaurus munozi, gen. et sp. nov. a new pliosaurid from the Upper Barremian (Lower Cretaceous) of Villa de Leiva, Colombia, South America. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. 2016, 40 (154): 84–103 [2017-04-20]. doi:10.18257/raccefyn.239 .  Noè, L.F.; Gómez-Pérez, M. Giant pliosaurids (Sauropterygia; Plesiosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous peri-Gondwanan seas of Colombia and Australia. Cretaceous Research. 2021, 132: 105122. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.105122.  Páramo Fonseca, María Euridice; O'Gorman, José Patricio; Gasparini, Zulma; Padilla, Santiago; Parra Ruge, Mary Luz. A new late Aptian elasmosaurid from the Paja Formation, Villa de Leiva, Colombia. Cretaceous Research. 2019, 99: 30–40 [2019-03-09]. Bibcode:2019CrRes..99...30P. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.02.010. hdl:11336/127809 .  Cadena, Edwin A.; Parham, James F. Oldest known marine turtle? A new protostegid from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia. PaleoBios. 2015a, 32: 1–42 [2017-03-30]. doi:10.5070/P9321028615.  Cadena, Edwin. The first South American sandownid turtle from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia. PeerJ. 2015b, 3: e1431. PMC 4690369 . PMID 26713227. doi:10.7717/peerj.1431 .  Maxwell, Erin E.; Dick, Daniel; Padilla, Santiago; Parra, Mary Luz. A new ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Colombia. Papers in Palaeontology. 2015, 2: 59–70 [2017-03-30]. doi:10.1002/spp2.1030.  Cortés, D.; Maxwell, E.E.; Larsson, H.C.E. Re-appearance of hypercarnivore ichthyosaurs in the Cretaceous with differentiated dentition: revision of Platypterygius sachicarum (Reptilia:Ichthyosauria, Ophthalmosauridae) from Colombia. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2021, 19 (14): 969–1002. Bibcode:2021JSPal..19..969C. S2CID 244512087. doi:10.1080/14772019.2021.1989507.  Genus: Sachicasaurus. paleofile.com. （原始内容存档于November 1, 2023）.