姐妹倆

《姐妹倆》（The Sisters），愛爾蘭作家喬伊斯短篇小說，發表於1904年8月13日，筆名為Stephen Dædulus，收錄於《都柏林人》一書。 1895年7月1日詹姆斯·福林神父因第三次中風死於癱瘓。“我”是故事中的主角，他的舅媽帶他去去哀悼死者。到達現場時，“太陽已經下山了；但是房子西向的玻璃窗仍然映照著鑲著金黃邊的大片雲朵。”舅媽就緊緊握住蘭妮的雙手，表達無限的哀傷。主角假裝在禱告，思緒卻無法集中，“彷彿看到老神父正躺在棺材裏對著我微笑”。“他一臉惡相，臉色蒼白，面孔腫大”。後來大家一起在客廳裡喝起小酒，討論後事。後來漸引導出福林神父生前不得志，“因為他打破了那只聖杯”，從此以後，他就悶悶不樂，不和人家打交道……有時“一個人在黑漆漆的懺悔室裏，眼睛睜得大大的，自顧自地發笑著”。艾莉莎繼續說：「眼睛睜得大大的，自顧自地發笑著……於是，當然，他們一見到這一幕，就知道他真的是出了問題……。」 男孩 （說故事的人） 詹姆斯·福林（James Flynn），往生的神父 艾莉莎·福林 （Eliza Flynn），神父的妹妹 蘭妮·福林 （Nannie Flynn），神父的妹妹 老佃農 男孩的舅媽 男孩的舅舅 Albert, Leonard, "Gnomonology: Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 27, no. 2 (winter 1990), pp. 353–364. Benstock, Bernard, "Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Explicator, vol. 24 (September 1965), item 1. Benstock, Bernard, "'The Sisters' and the Critics," James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 4, no. 1 (Fall 1966), pp. 32–35. Boldrini, Lucia. "'The Sisters' and the 'Inferno': an intertextual network," Style, vol. 25, issue 3 (Fall 1991), pp. 453–465. Booker, M. K., "History and Language in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Criticism: A Quarterly for Literature and the Arts, vol. 33, no. 2 (Spring 1991), pp. 217–233. Bowen, Zack, "Joyce's Prophylactic Paralysis: Exposure in Dubliners," James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 19, no. 3 (Spring 1982), pp 257–273. Bremen, Brian A., "'He Was Too Scrupulous Always': A Re-examination of Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 22, no. 1 (Fall 1984), pp. 55–66. Brandabur, Edward, "'The Sisters,'" pp. 333–343 in: Joyce, James, "Dubliners": Text, Criticism, and Notes, ed. Robert Scholes and A. Walton Litz, New York: Viking Press, 1969. Burman, Jack, "'A Rhetorician's Dream': Joyce's Revision of 'The Sisters'," Studies in Short Fiction, vol. 16, Issue 1 (Winter 1979), pp. 55–59. Chadwick, Joseph, "Silence in 'The Sisters,'" James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 21, no. 3 (Spring 1984), pp. 245-255. Connolly, Thomas E., "Joyce's 'The Sisters': A Pennyworth of Snuff," College English, vol.27, no. 3 (December 1965), pp. 189–195. Corrington, John William, "'The Sisters'" pp. 13–25 in: Hart, Clive (ed.), James Joyce's Dubliners: Critical Essays, London: Faber & Faber, 1969. Crawford, Claudia, "James Joyce's 'The Sisters': A Letter-L-Analysis," American Imago: Studies in Psychoanalysis and Culture, vol. 41, no. 2 (Summer 1984), pp. 181-199. Cronin, Edward J., "James Joyce's Trilogy and Epilogue: 'The Sisters,' 'An Encounter,' 'Araby,' and 'The Dead,'" Renascence: Essays on Value in Literature, vol. 31 (1979), pp. 229-248. Dædalus, Stephen (Joyce pseudonym), "The Sisters," The Irish Homestead, August 13, 1904, pp. 676–7 Dettmar, Kevin J. H., "From Interpretation to 'Intrepidation': Joyce's 'The Sisters' as a Precursor of the Postmodern Mystery," pp. 149-165 in: Walker, Ronald G. (ed.) and Frazer, June M. (ed.), The Cunning Craft: Original Essays on Detective Fiction and Contemporary Literary Theory, Macomb: Western Illinois Univ.; 1990. Dilworth, Thomas, "Not 'too much noise': Joyce's 'The Sisters' in Irish Catholic Perspective, Twentieth Century Literature, vol. 39, no. 1 (Spring 1993) pp. 99–112. Doherty, G., "The Art of Confessing: Silence and Secrecy in James Joyce's The 'Sisters'", James Joyce Quarterly, vols. 35/36, nos. 4/1 (Summer/Fall 1998), pp. 657–664. Doherty, Paul C., "Words as Idols: The Epiphany in James Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" CEA Critic, vol. 32 (October 1969), pp. 10–11. Duffy, Edward, "'The Sisters' as the Introduction to Dubliners," Papers on Language & Literature, vol. 22, Issue 4 (Fall 1986), p417–428. Fabian, David R., "Joyce's 'The Sisters': Gnomon, Gnomic, Gnome," Studies in Short Fiction, vol. 5 (Winter 1968), pp. 187–189. Fahey, William, "Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Explicator, vol. 17 (January 1959), item 26. Ferguson, Suzanne, "A Sherlook at Dubliners: Structural and Thematic Analogues in Detective Stories and the Modern Short Story," James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 16, nos. 1/2 (Fall 1978/1979), pp. 111–121. Fischer, Therese, "From Reliable to Unreliable Narrator: Rhetorical Changes in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 9, no. 1 (Fall 1971), pp. 85–92. French, Marilyn, "Joyce and Language," James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 19, no.3 (Spring 1982), pp. 239–255. Geary, Edward A. "Undecidability in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Studies in Short Fiction, vol. 26 (Summer 1989), pp. 305–310. Gleeson, W. F., jr., "Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Explicator, vol. 22 (December 1963), item 30. Harty, John, "The Doubling of Dublin Messages in 'The Sisters,'" Notes on Modern Irish Literature, vol. 4 (1992), pp. 42–44. Herring, Phillip, "Structure and Meaning in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" pp. 131–144 in: Benstock, Bernard (ed.), The Seventh of Joyce, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1982. Kennedy, Eileen, "'Lying Still': Another Look at 'The Sisters,'" James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 12, no. 4 (Summer 1975), pp. 362–370. Kuehl, John, "a la joyce: The Sisters Fitgerald's Absolution," James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 2, no. 1 (Fall 1964), pp. 2–6. Lachtman, Howard, "The Magic-Lantern Business: James Joyce's Ecclesiastical Satire in Dubliners," James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 7, no. 2 (Winter 1970), pp. 82–92. Leonard, G. M., "The Free Man's Journal: The Making of History in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Modern Fiction Studies, vol 36, no.4 (Winter 1990), pp. 455–482. Lyons, J. B., "Animadversions on Paralysis as a Symbol in 'The Sisters,'" James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 11, no. 3 (Spring 1974), pp. 257–265. Magalaner, Marvin, "'The Sisters' of James Joyce," University of Kansas City Review, vol. 18 (Summer 1952), pp. 255–261. McDermott, John V., "Joyce's 'The Sisters'," The Explicator vol. 51, no. 4 (Summer 1993), pp. 236–237. Morrissey, L. J., "Joyce's Revision of 'The Sisters': From Epicleti to Modern Fiction," James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 24, no. 1 (Fall 1986), pp. 33–54. Murphy, T. P., "James Joyce and narrative territory: The distinct functions of lost time in 'An Encounter' and 'The Sisters,'" Journal of Literary Semantics, vol. 33, no. 2 (2004), pp. 131–154. Newell, Kenneth B., "The Sin of Knowledge in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Ball State University Forum, vol. 20, no. 3 (1979), pp. 44–53. Reynolds, Michael S., "The Feast of the Most Precious Blood and Joyce's 'The Sisters'" Studies in Short Fiction, vol. 6 (Spring 1969), p. 336. Robinson, David W., "The Narration of Reading in Joyce's 'The Sisters', 'An Encounter', and 'Araby,'" Texas Studies in Literature and Language, vol. 29, no. 4 (Winter 1987), pp. 377–396. Roughley, Alan, "Writing Disgust: Joyce's Articulation of the Abject in The Sisters," Mattoid, vol. 48 (1994), pp. 213-224. San Juan, Epifanio, jr., "Method and Meaning in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Die Neuren Sprachen, vol. 20 (1971), pp. 490–496. Senn, Fritz, "'He was too scrupulous always': Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 2, no. 2 (Winter 1965), pp.66–72. Schork, R. J., "Liturgical Irony in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Studies in Short fiction, vol. 26, no. 2 (Spring 1989), pp. 193–197. Spielberg, Peter, "'The Sisters': No Christ at Bethany," James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 3, no. 3 (Spring 1966), pp. 192–195. Staley, T. F., "A Beginning: Signification, Story, and Discourse in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Genre, vol. 12, no. 4 (Winter 1979), pp. 533–549. Stein, William Bysshe, "Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Explicator, vol. 20 (March 1962), item 61. Stein, William Bysshe, "Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Explicator, vol. 21 (September 1962), item 2. Swartzlander, S. "James Joyce's 'The sisters': chalices and umbrellas, Ptolemaic Memphis and Victorian Dublin," Studies in Short Fiction, vol. 32, no. 3 (Summ 1995), pp. 295-306. Torchiana, Donald T., "The Opening of Dubliners: A Reconsideration," Irish University Review, vol. 1 (Spring 1971), pp. 149-160. Waisbren, Burton A. and Walzl, Florence L., "Paresis and the Priest: James Joyce's Symbolic Use of Syphilis in 'The Sisters,'" Annals of Internal Medicine, vol. 80, no. 6 (June 1974), pp. 758–762. Walzl, Florence L., "A Date in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Texas Studies in Literature and Language, vol. 4 (Summer 1962), pp. 183–187. Walzl, Florence L., "Joyce's 'The Sisters': A Development," James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 10, no. 4 (Summer 1973), pp. 375–421. Walzl, Florence L., "The Life Chronology of Dubliners," James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 14, no. 4 (Summer 1977), pp. 408–415. West, Michael, "Old Cotter and the Enigma of Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" Modern Philology, vol. 67, no. 4 (May 1970), pp. 370–372. Wohlpart, A. James, "Laughing in the Confession-Box: Vows of Silence in Joyce's 'The Sisters,'" James Joyce Quarterly, vol. 30, no. 3 (Spring 1993), pp. 409–417. Zlotnick, Joan, "Dubliners in Winesburg, Ohio: A Note on Joyce's 'The Sisters' and Anderson's 'The Philosopher'," Studies in Short Fiction, vol. 12, issue 412 (Fall 1975), pp. 405–407. 姊妹倆[永久失效連結]