孕酮受体

孕酮受体（英語：progesterone receptor，缩写PR，也被称为NR3C3 ，nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 3，即核受体第三亚族C组成员3）是一种细胞内蛋白质，由甾体激素孕酮激活。 在人体中，孕酮受体由基因PGR 编码，位于11号染色体长臂22区，能通过选择性剪接形成两种蛋白异形体A和B，有着各自不同的分子量。 孕酮是引起孕酮受体反应的配体，在孕酮受体的C端未结合该激素时，与其相关的DNA片段的转录处于抑制状态。在与激素结合后，孕酮受体会变构并开始起作用。而孕酮受体的受体拮抗剂会阻止这种结构改变。 在孕酮与其受体结合后，孕酮受体变构并发生二聚化，紧接着以复合体形式进入细胞核与相关的DNA结合，从而使其开始转录，合成mRNA，并表达为相关蛋白质。 和其它甾体激素受体类似，孕酮受体的N端有一个调控结构域，一个DNA结合结构域（英语：DNA binding domain），以及一个铰链区，在C端有一个配体结合结构域。异形体B比异形体A多一个TAF-3区域。 孕酮受体能与下列蛋白質发生交互作用： KLF9（英语：KLF9） Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2（英语：Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2） UBE3A（英语：UBE3A） Selective progesterone receptor modulator（英语：Selective progesterone receptor modulator） Misrahi M, Atger M, d'Auriol L, Loosfelt H, Meriel C, Fridlansky F, Guiochon-Mantel A, Galibert F, Milgrom E. Complete amino acid sequence of the human progesterone receptor deduced from cloned cDNA. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. March 1987, 143 (2): 740–8. 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