蝲蛄科

蝲蛄科（學名：Cambaridae）也称螯虾科，是十足目下的一個科，亦是淡水龙虾三個科之中最大的一個，包含有超過400個物種。属该科物种体型略似龙虾而较小，在部分地区被称为小龙虾。头胸部较长，呈长卵圆形。前三对步足都有螯，第一对特别发达。大部份分布于北美洲大分水嶺以東，少部份分布於東亞、日本等地。栖息山溪和附近河川中。是肺吸虫中间宿主，捕食时要注意，不能生食。 根據一項2006年發表的分子研究，蝲蛄科很大可能是一個並系群，包含了雕蝦科（Astacidae）整個科，而Cambaroides的地位仍然未定。 蝲蛄科包含著名的網路謠言中指的污水处理专家克氏原螯虾（小龙虾一般指它，也指包括克氏原螯虾和东北黑螯虾的所有淡水龙虾）。 本科包括以下属： Barbicambarus Hobbs, 1969 Bouchardina Hobbs, 1977 侏儒螯蝦屬 Cambarellus Ortmann, 1905 拟螯虾属 Cambaroides ：原产东亚 鳌虾属 Cambarus Erichson, 1846，蝲蛄屬 Creaserinus Hobbs, 1973 Distocambarus Hobbs, 1981 Fallicambarus Hobbs, 1969 Fallicambarus devastator Hobbs & Whiteman, 1987 Fallicambarus dissitus (Penn, 1955) Fallicambarus harpi Hobbs & Robison, 1985 Fallicambarus houstonensis Johnson, 2008 Fallicambarus jeanae Hobbs, 1973 Fallicambarus kountzeae Johnson, 2008 Fallicambarus macneesei (Black, 1967) Fallicambarus petilicarpus Hobbs & Robison, 1989 Fallicambarus schusteri Taylor & Robinson, 2016 Fallicambarus strawni (Reimer, 1966) Fallicambarus tenuis (Hobbs, 1950) Fallicambarus wallsi Johnson, 2011 Faxonella Creaser, 1933 Faxonius Ortmann, 1905 Faxonius acares (Fitzpatrick, 1965) Faxonius alabamensis (Faxon, 1884) Faxonius alluvius (Simon & McMurray, 2014) Faxonius barrenensis (Rhoades, 1944) Faxonius bellator Bloom, McCall, Schuster & Blanton, 2019 Faxonius bisectus (Rhoades, 1944) Faxonius burri (Taylor & Sabaj, 1998) Faxonius carolinensis (J.E.Cooper & M.R.Cooper, 1995) Faxonius castaneus (Johnson, 2010) Faxonius causeyi (Jester, 1967) Faxonius chickasawae (M.R.Cooper & Hobbs, 1980) Faxonius compressus (Faxon, 1884) Faxonius cooperi (M.R.Cooper & Hobbs, 1980) Faxonius cristavarius (Taylor, 2000) Faxonius cyanodigitus (Johnson, 2010) Faxonius deanae (Reimer & Jester, 1975) Faxonius difficilis (Faxon, 1898) Faxonius durelli (R.W.Bouchard & J.W.Bouchard, 1995) Faxonius elix Couch & Hayes, 2022 Faxonius erichsonianus (Faxon, 1898) Faxonius etnieri (R.W.Bouchard & J.W.Bouchard, 1976) Faxonius eupunctus (Williams, 1952) Faxonius forceps (Faxon, 1884) Faxonius harrisonii (Faxon, 1884) Faxonius hartfieldi (Fitzpatrick & Suttkus, 1992) Faxonius hathawayi (Penn, 1952) Faxonius hobbsi (Penn, 1950) Faxonius holti (M.R.Cooper & Hobbs, 1980) Faxonius hylas (Faxon, 1890) Faxonius illinoiensis (Brown, 1956) Faxonius immunis (Hagen, 1870) Faxonius indianensis (Hay, 1896) Faxonius jeffersoni (Rhoades, 1944) Faxonius jonesi (Fitzpatrick, 1992) Faxonius juvenilis (Hagen, 1870) Faxonius kentuckiensis (Rhoades, 1944) Faxonius lancifer (Hagen, 1870) Faxonius leptogonopodus (Hobbs, 1948) Faxonius limosus (Rafinesque, 1817) Faxonius longidigitus (Faxon, 1898) Faxonius luteus Creaser, 1933 Faxonius macrus (Williams, 1952) Faxonius maletae (Walls, 1972) Faxonius marchandi (Hobbs, 1948) Faxonius margorectus (Taylor, 2002) Faxonius medius (Faxon, 1884) Faxonius meeki (Faxon, 1898) Faxonius menae Creaser, 1933 Faxonius mirus (Ortmann, 1931) Faxonius mississippiensis (Faxon, 1884) Faxonius nais (Faxon, 1885) Faxonius nana (Williams, 1952) Faxonius neglectus (Faxon, 1885) Faxonius obscurus (Hagen, 1870) Faxonius occidentalis (Johnson, 2010) Faxonius ozarkae (Williams, 1952) Faxonius pagei (Taylor & Sabaj, 1997) Faxonius palmeri (Faxon, 1884) Faxonius pardalotus (Wetzel, Poly & Fetzner, 2005) Faxonius perfectus (Walls, 1972) Faxonius peruncus (Creaser, 1931) Faxonius placidus (Hagen, 1870) Faxonius propinquus (Girard, 1852) Faxonius punctimanus Creaser, 1933 Faxonius putnami (Faxon, 1884) Faxonius quadruncus Creaser, 1933 Faxonius quinebaugensis (Mathews & Warren, 2008) Faxonius rafinesquei (Rhoades, 1944) Faxonius raymondi (Thoma & Stocker, 2009) Faxonius rhoadesi (Hobbs, 1949) Faxonius roberti Fetzner Jr. & Taylor, 2018 Faxonius ronaldi (Taylor, 2000) Faxonius rusticus (Girard, 1852) Faxonius sanbornii (Faxon, 1884) Faxonius saxatilis (R.W.Bouchard & J.W.Bouchard, 1976) Faxonius shoupi (Hobbs, 1948) Faxonius sloanii (Bundy, 1876) Faxonius spinosus (Bundy, 1877) Faxonius stannardi (Page, 1985) Faxonius stygocaneyi (Hobbs Iii, 2001) Faxonius taylori (Schuster, 2008) Faxonius texanus (Johnson, 2010) Faxonius theaphionensis (Simon, Timm & Morris, 2005) Faxonius transfuga (Fitzpatrick, 1966) Faxonius tricuspis (Rhoades, 1944) Faxonius validus (Faxon, 1914) Faxonius virginiensis (Hobbs, 1951) Faxonius virilis (Hagen, 1870) Faxonius wagneri Fetzner Jr. & Taylor, 2018 Faxonius williamsi (Fitzpatrick, 1966) Faxonius wrighti (Hobbs, 1948) Faxonius yanahlindus (Taylor, Rhoden & Schuster, 2016) Hobbseus Fitzpatrick & Payne, 1968 洼河龙虾属 Lacunicambarus Hobbs, 1969 叉肢螯虾属 Orconectes Cope, 1872 Palaeocambarus Taylor, Schram & Shen, 1999 Paleocambararus Taylor et al., 1999 原蝲蛄属 Procambarus Ortmann, 1905：含克氏原螯虾 洞居蝲蛄属 Troglocambarus Hobbs, 1942 Tubericambarus Jezerinac, 1993 James W. Fetzner, Jr. Family Cambaridae Hobbs, 1942. Crayfish Taxon Browser. Carnegie Museum of Natural History. 2005-05-09 [2013-11-20]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-27） （中文（繁體））.  夏征农, 罗竹风, 马飞海, 等. 辞海[M]. 北京: 商务印书馆, 2000: 1, 2252. A. Braband, T. Kawai & G. Scholtz. The phylogenetic position of the East Asian freshwater crayfish Cambaroides within the Northern Hemisphere Astacoidea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacida) based on molecular data. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research (abstract)使用|format=需要含有|url= (帮助). 2006, 44 (1): 17–24. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.2005.00338.x.  Cambaridae. GBIF. [2023-05-23]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-11）.  Christopher A. Taylor and Henry W. Robison. 2016. A New Burrowing Crayfish of the Genus Fallicambarus Hobbs, 1969 (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Red River Drainage of the southcentral United States. Zootaxa. 4144(4).4; 575–583. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4144.4.7 James W. Jr. Fetzner and Christopher A. Taylor. 2018. Two New Species of Freshwater Crayfish of the Genus Faxonius (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri. Zootaxa. 4399(4); 491–520. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.2 维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源：蝲蛄科