角毛藻属

角毛藻属（Chaetoceros）也称角刺藻属，有大约400个物种，可能是海洋浮游硅藻中最大的一个属，广泛分布于全球近岸水域。角毛藻属里不同的物种较难辨认。许多人都在将这一庞大的属分类为亚属，但这一工作仍在继续。现已发现的物种主要分布在北半球，由于角毛藻属遍布各地，故应该还有分布在热带的物种尚未被发现。 角毛藻属的细胞呈短圆柱形，壳面大多是椭圆形的，断面椭圆形或圆形。从细胞四隅生出的角毛比细胞要长，相互之间有交叉，从而构成链状的群体。角毛藻具有细胞间隙。 本属有140余种，中国记录约50余种。其中，洛氏角毛藻和窄隙角毛藻分布最广；假弯角毛藻为热带、亚热带种，并与暖流的强弱有关；双突角毛藻为近岸偏暖广盐种；爱氏角毛藻为近岸广温广盐性种，密联角毛藻为外海性种，产于热带和亚热带海区。 异常角毛藻 Chaetoceros abnormis A.I. Proshkina-Lavrenko Chaetoceros acadianus Samanta & Porcher, 2019 Chaetoceros aculeatus I.V. Makarova Chaetoceros adelianus E.E. Manguin Chaetoceros aduncus I.N. Sukhanova 均等角毛藻 Chaetoceros aequatoriale Cleve Chaetoceros aequatorialis var. antarcticus Manguin Chaetoceros aequatorialis Cleve 窄隙角毛藻 Chaetoceros affinis Lauder 窄隙角毛藻绕链变种 Chaetoceros affinis var. circinalis（Meunier）Hust. Chaetoceros affinis f. pseudosymmetricus (E. Steemann Nielsen) M. Torrington-Smith Chaetoceros affinis f. parallelus M. Thorrington-Smith Chaetoceros affinis f. inaequalis M. Thorrington-Smith 窄隙角刺藻等角毛变种 Chaetoceros affinis var. willei（Gran）Hust. Chaetoceros amanita A. Cleve-Euler 桥联角毛藻 Chaetoceros anastomosans Grunow, 1881 Chaetoceros angularis Schütt Chaetoceros angulatus F. Schütt Chaetoceros anostomosans var. speciosus F. Schütt Chaetoceros armatus T. West Chaetoceros astrabadicus A. Henckel Chaetoceros atlanticus var. compactus (F. Schütt) P.T. Cleve Chaetoceros atlanticus var. neapolitanus (Schroeder) Hustedt Chaetoceros atlanticus var. tumescens A. Grunow 大西洋角毛藻 Chaetoceros atlanticus Cleve Chaetoceros atlanticus f. audax (F. Schütt) H.H. Gran Chaetoceros atlanticus var. cruciatus (G. Karsten) M. Thorrington-Smith Chaetoceros atlanticus var. Neapolitana (Schroeder) Hust. 大西洋角毛藻那不勒斯变种 大西洋角毛藻骨条变种 Chaetoceros atlanticus var. skeleton (Schuett) Hustedt Chaetoceros audax F. Schütt 奥氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros aurivillii Cleve, 1901，金色角毛藻 (C. Seychellarum Karsten) Chaetoceros bacteriastrius G.C. Wallich Chaetoceros bacteriastroides f. imbricatus (L.A. Mangin) M. Thorrington-Smith 瘤面角毛藻 Chaetoceros bacteriastroides G.H.H. Karsten, 1907，多瘤面角毛藻 Chaetoceros bermejense D. U. Hernández-Becerril Chaetoceros bisetaceus J. Schumann 北方角毛藻 Chaetoceros borealis J.W. Bailey, 1854 Chaetoceros borealoides H.L. Honigmann 包氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros borgei Lemmermann,1904 Chaetoceros breve F. Schütt 短孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros brevis Schütt, 1895，短孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros brevispinosus X.J.Xu, Yang Li & Lundholm, 2019 Chaetoceros brussilowi A. Henckel 牛角状角毛藻 Chaetoceros buceros G.H.H. Karsten, 1907 Chaetoceros buceros Karsten Chaetoceros bulbosus (Ehrenberg) Heiden Chaetoceros bulbosus f. cruciatus (G. Karsten) H. Heiden Chaetoceros bulbosus f. schimperana (G. Karsten) H. Heiden Chaetoceros bungei Honigmann Chaetoceros calcitrans f. pumilus Takano Chaetoceros californicus A. Grunow Chaetoceros capense G.H.H. Karsten Chaetoceros caspicus C.E.H. Ostenfeld Chaetoceros caspicus var. karianus A. Henckel Chaetoceros caspicus f. pinguichaetus A. Henckel & P. Henckel 卡氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros castracanei G.H.H. Karsten, 1905 Chaetoceros ceratospermus var. minor A.F. Meunier 角孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros ceratosporus Ostf. Chaetoceros ceratosporus var. brachysetus Rines & Hargraves Chaetoceros ceratosporus Ostenfeld Chaetoceros chunii G.H.H. Karsten 绕孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros cinctus Gran, 1897 Chaetoceros clavigera C.E.H. Ostenfeld Chaetoceros clavigerus A. Grunow Chaetoceros clevei F. Schütt 密聚角毛藻 Chaetoceros coarctatus Lauder, 1864，紧挤角毛藻 Chaetoceros cochleus F. Schütt Chaetoceros compactus F. Schütt 扁面角毛藻 Chaetoceros compressus , 1864 Chaetoceros compressus var. gracilis F. Hustedt Chaetoceros compressus var. hirtisetus J.E.B. Rines & P.E. Hargraves 紧挤角毛藻 Chaetoceros coarctatus Chaetoceros concavicorne Mangin Chaetoceros confervoides J. Ralfs Chaetoceros confusus S.L. VanLandingham 缢缩角毛藻 Chaetoceros constrictus Gran, 1894，深环沟角毛藻 扭角毛藻 Chaetoceros convolutus Castracane, 1886 Chaetoceros convolutus f. trisetosus Brunel Chaetoceros convolutus f. volans L.I. Smirnova Chaetoceros cornutus G. Leuduger-Fortmorel 冠孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros coronatus Gran, 1897 中肋角毛藻 Chaetoceros costatus Pavillard, 1911，双脊角毛藻 Chaetoceros crenatus (C.G. Ehrenberg) T. Brightwell 须状角毛藻 Chaetoceros crinitus Schütt, 1895，发状角毛藻 Chaetoceros criophilus Castracane Chaetoceros cruciatus G.H.H. Karsten Chaetoceros curvatus Castracane 旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros curvisetus Cleve, 1889 达氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros dadayi Pavillard, 1913，达蒂角毛藻 丹麦角毛藻 Chaetoceros danicus Cleve, 1889 柔弱角毛藻 Chaetoceros debilis Cleve, 1894 并基角毛藻 Chaetoceros decipiens Cleve 并基角毛藻单胞变型 Chaetoceros decipiens f. singularis H.H. Gran Chaetoceros delicatulus C.E.H. Ostenfeld 密连角毛藻 Chaetoceros densus Cleve, 1901 齿角毛藻 Chaetoceros denticulata 齿角毛藻狭面变型 Chaetoceros denticulata f. angusta Hust. 齿角毛藻狭面变种 Chaetoceros denticulatus var. angusta Hustedt 皇冠角毛藻 Chaetoceros diadema (Ehrenberg) Gran， 1897， 冕孢角毛藻 双叉角毛藻 Chaetoceros dichaeta Ehrenberg Chaetoceros dichaeta f. unicellularis H. Heiden Chaetoceros dichaetus Ehrenberg Chaetoceros dichaetus var. polygonus (F. Schütt) H. Heiden 双突角毛藻 Chaetoceros didymus Chaetoceros didymus var. praelongus E.J. Lemmermann Chaetoceros didymus f. aestivus H.H. Gran Chaetoceros didymus f. autumnalis H.H. Gran Chaetoceros didymus C.G. Ehrenberg 双突角毛藻隆起变型 Chaetoceros didymus f. protubernas (Lauder) Gran et Yendo Chaetoceros didymus var. Protuberans （Lamxer） Gran et Yendo 双突角毛藻英国变种 Chaetoceros didymus var. anglica（Grun.）Gran Chaetoceros difficilis Cleve 二核样体角毛藻 Chaetoceros dipyrenops Meunier, 1913，双蛋白核角毛藻 远距角毛藻 Chaetoceros distans Cleve, 1894 Chaetoceros distichus F. Schütt Chaetoceros distinguendus E.J. Lemmermann Chaetoceros diversicurvatus Van Goor 异角角毛藻 Chaetoceros diversus Cleve, 1873 Chaetoceros diversus var. mediterraneus J.L.B. Schröder 爱氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros eibenii (Grunow) Meunier，艾氏角毛藻 优美角毛藻 Chaetoceros elegans Yang Li, Boonprakob, Moestrup & Lundholm Chaetoceros elmorei Boyer Chaetoceros elongatus Honigmann Chaetoceros exospermus Meunier Chaetoceros externus Gran 拟角毛藻 Chaetoceros fallax Prosckina-Lavrenko Chaetoceros femur F. Schütt Chaetoceros filiferus G.H.H. Karsten 细角毛藻 Chaetoceros filiforme Meunier Chaetoceros flexuosus Mangin Chaetoceros fragilis Meunier Chaetoceros furca var. macroceras J.L.B. Schröder Chaetoceros furcellatus J.W. Bailey Chaetoceros fusus F. Schütt Chaetoceros galvestonense Collier & Murphy Chaetoceros gastridius (C.G. Ehrenberg) T. Brightwell Chaetoceros gaussii Heiden & Kolbe Chaetoceros glacialis A. Henckel Chaetoceros glandazii Mangin Chaetoceros gobii A. Henckel 纤细角毛藻 Chaetoceros gracilis Pantocsek Chaetoceros grunowii F. Schütt Chaetoceros hendeyi Manguin 异瓣角毛藻 Chaetoceros heterovalvatus Pr.-Lavr. 飞燕角毛藻 Chaetoceros hirundinellus Qian, 1979 Chaetoceros hispidus var. monicae A. Grunow Chaetoceros hohnii Graebn. & Wujek 无沟角毛藻 Chaetoceros holsaticus Schütt, 1895 Chaetoceros ikari B.V. Skvortzov 棘角毛藻 Chaetoceros imbricatus Mangin, 1912 Chaetoceros incurvus var. umbonatus Castracane Chaetoceros incurvus Bailey 印度角毛藻 Chaetoceros indicus Karsten, 1907 Chaetoceros ingolfianus Ostenfeld 特异角毛藻 Chaetoceros insignis Pr.-Lavr. Chaetoceros intermedius A. Henckel Chaetoceros karianus Grunow Chaetoceros karyanus A. Henckel 里海角毛藻 Chaetoceros knipowitschii A. Henckel, 1909，克尼角毛藻 垂缘角毛藻 Chaetoceros laciniosus Schüt, 1895 Chaetoceros laciniosus f. protuberans M. Thorrington-Smith Chaetoceros laciniosus f. pelagicus H.H. Gran 平滑角毛藻 Chaetoceros laevis Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1892 平孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros laevisporus Yang Li,Boonprakob, Moestrup & Lundholm Chaetoceros Lamxeri Ralfs 罗氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros lauderi Ralfs, 1864 Chaetoceros leve F. Schütt Chaetoceros littorale litorale E.J. Lemmermann Chaetoceros lorenzianus var. forceps A.F. Meunier 洛氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros lorenzianus Grunow 洛氏角毛藻低盐变种 Chaetoceros lorenzianus f. subsalinus Proschkina-Lavrenko Chaetoceros malygini A. Henckel 曼纳角毛藻 Chaetoceros mannaii Boonprakob, Yang Li, Moestrup & Lundholm Chaetoceros medius F. Schütt C Chaetoceros meridiana (F. Schütt) G. Karsten Chaetoceros mertensii H.L. Honigmann 短刺角毛藻 Chaetoceros messanense Castracane, 1875，短叉角毛藻 Chaetoceros minimus (Levander) D. Marino, G. Giuffre, M. Montresor & A. Zingone 小角毛藻 Chaetoceros minutissimus Makarova et Pro. –Lavr,1964 Chaetoceros misumensis H.H. Gran & K. Yendo 密特拉角毛藻 Chaetoceros mitra (J.W. Bailey) Cleve，高孢角毛藻 牟氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros muelleri E.J. Lemmermann, 1898，牟勒氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros muelleri var. duplex E.J. Lemmermann Chaetoceros muelleri var. subsalsum J.R. Johansen & S. Rushforth Chaetoceros muellerii var. subsalsus J.R. Johansen & Rushforth Chaetoceros nansenii A. Henckel Chaetoceros natatus E.E. Manguin Chaetoceros neglectus Karsten Chaetoceros neobulbosus T.V. Desikachary, S. Gowthaman & Y. Latha 新紧密角毛藻 Chaetoceros neocompactus S.L. Van Landingham, 1968 Chaetoceros neogracile S.L. VanLandingham Chaetoceros neupokojewii A. Henckel 日本角毛藻 Chaetoceros nipponicus J. Ikari, 1928 Chaetoceros odontella (C.G. Ehrenberg) G.L. Rabenhorst Chaetoceros okamurae var. tetrasetus J. Ikari Chaetoceros okamurae J. Ikari Chaetoceros ornatus (Chamnansinp, Moestrup & Lundholm) X.J.Xu, Yang Li & Lundholm，同模异名为Chaetoceros contortus var. ornatus Chamnansinp, Moestrup & Lundholm Chaetoceros ostenfeldii P.T. Cleve Chaetoceros pachtussowii A. Henckel Chaetoceros pachyceros R. Margalef Chaetoceros pacificus J. Ikari 奇异角毛藻 Chaetoceros paradoxus Cleve, 1873，窄面角毛藻 Chaetoceros paradoxus var. luedersii Engler Chaetoceros parvus F. Schütt 稀树角毛藻 Chaetoceros pauciramosus Z. Y.Chen, N. Lundholm, Ø. Moestrup, J. Kownacka and Yang Li 沟生角毛藻 Chaetoceros paulsenii Ostf. Chaetoceros paulsenii f. robustus A. Henckel Chaetoceros pavillardii J. Ikari 海洋角毛藻 Chaetoceros pelagicus Cleve, 1873 悬垂角毛藻 Chaetoceros pendulus Karsten, 1805 微小角毛藻 Chaetoceros perpusillus Cleve 秘鲁角毛藻 Chaetoceros peruvianus Brightwell, 1856 Chaetoceros peruvianus var. victoriae Karsten Chaetoceros peruvianus var. gracilis J.L.B. Schröder Chaetoceros peruvianus var. robustum P.T. Cleve Chaetoceros peruvianus var. suadivae Karsten Chaetoceros peruvianus f. volans (F. Schütt) C.E.H. Ostenfeld 秘鲁角毛藻粗大变型 Chaetoceros peruvianus f. robustus (P.T. Cleve) C.E.H. Ostenfeld Chaetoceros phuketensis J.E.B. Rines, P. Boonruang & E.C. Theriot Chaetoceros pingue A. Henckel Chaetoceros pinguichaetus A. Henckel & P. Henckel Chaetoceros pliocenus J.-J. Brun Chaetoceros protuberans H.S. Lauder 拟奥氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudoaurivillii J. Ikari, 1926，拟金色角毛藻 拟发状角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudocrinitus Ostenfeld, 1901 拟旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus Mangin，拟弯角毛藻 假双刺角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudodichaeta J. Ikari 拟旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus Mangin, 1910 拟双刺角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudodichaeta Ikari,1926 Chaetoceros pundulus G.H.H. Karsten 放射角毛藻 Chaetoceros radians F. Schütt, 1895 根状角毛藻 Chaetoceros radicans F. Schütt, 1895 Chaetoceros recurvatus Henckel Chaetoceros recurvatus f. robustus Henckel 硬角毛藻 Chaetoceros rigidus Ostenfeld Chaetoceros robustus (P.T. Cleve) C.E.H. Ostenfeld 咀状角毛藻 Chaetoceros rostratus Lauder 嘴状角毛藻格氏变型 Chaetoceros rostratus f. glandazii (Mang.) Taylor Chaetoceros russanowi A. Henckel Chaetoceros salsugineus Takano 舞姿角毛藻 Chaetoceros saltans P.T. Cleve, 1897 Chaetoceros schmidtii C.E.H. Ostenfeld Chaetoceros schuettii f. oceanicus H.H. Gran 粗糙角毛藻 Chaetoceros seabrosus Pr.- Lavr. Chaetoceros secundus P.T. Cleve 链刺角毛藻 Chaetoceros seiracanthus Gran, 1897 北部角毛藻 Chaetoceros septentrionalis Oestrup Chaetoceros sessile Grøntved 刚毛角毛藻 Chaetoceros setoense J. Ikari Chaetoceros seychellarus G.H.H. Karsten Chaetoceros seychellarus var. austral E.E. Manguin 暹罗角毛藻 Chaetoceros siamense C.E.H. Ostenfeld, 1902 相似角毛藻 Chaetoceros similis Cleve, 1896 Chaetoceros simplex C.E.H. Ostenfeld C Chaetoceros skeleton F. Schütt 聚生角毛藻 Chaetoceros socialis Lauder, 1864 Chaetoceros socialis f. radians (F. Schütt) A.I. Proshkina-Lavrenko Chaetoceros socialis var. autumnalis Prosckina-Lavrenko Chaetoceros sedowii A. Henckel Chaetoceros strictus G.H.H. Karsten Chaetoceros subcompressus J.L.B. Schröder 亚盐角毛藻 Chaetoceros subsalsus Lemmermann, 1904 冕孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros subsecundus (Grunow ex Van Heurck) Hustedt 细弱角毛藻 Chaetoceros subtilis Cleve Chaetoceros sumatranus Karsten Chaetoceros tenuissimus A.F. Meunier 圆柱角毛藻 Chaetoceros teres Cleve, 1896 Chaetoceros teres f. spinulosus H.H. Gran Chaetoceros tetrachaeta Ehrenberg Chaetoceros tetras G.H.H. Karsten 长刺角毛藻 Chaetoceros tetrastichon Cleve, 1897，四楞角毛藻 Chaetoceros thienemannii Hustedt Chaetoceros throndsenii var. trisetosus Zingone Chaetoceros throndsenii var. throndsenia D. Marino, M. Montresor & A. Zingone Chaetoceros throndsenii (Marino, Montresor, & Zingone) Marino, Montresor & Zingone 扭链角毛藻 Chaetoceros tortissimus H. H. Gran, 1900 Chaetoceros transisetus J.R. Johansen & J.S. Boyer 范氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros vanheurckii H.H. Gran, 1897 Chaetoceros vermiculus F. Schütt Chaetoceros villosus Kützing Chaetoceros vistulae C. Apstein Chaetoceros volans F. Schütt 威氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros weissflogii F. Schütt, 1895 锥孢角毛藻 Chaetoceros wighamii Brightwell, 1856，威格海母角毛藻 Chaetoceros willei Grunow 西沙角毛藻 Chaetoceros xishaensis Kuo, Ye et Zhou, 1978 Chaetoceros zachariasii Honigmann Chaetoceros zachariasi var. longus H.L. Honigmann Chaetoceros zachariasii var. variatus H.L. Honigmann Chaetoceros zachariasii var. latus H.L. Honigmann Chaetoceros ziwolkii A. Henckel Identifying marine phytoplankton. San Diego: Academic Press. : 5–387. ISBN 9780126930184.  C.H. von Quillfeldt., (2001). Identification of Some Easily Confused Common Diatom Species in Arctic Spring Blooms. 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