米尔顿·艾瑞克森

米尔顿·艾瑞克森（英語：Milton Hyland Erickson，1901年12月5日—1980年3月25日），被喻为「现代催眠之父」，是医疗催眠、家庭治疗及短期策略心理治疗（Brief Strategic Psychotherapy）的顶尖权威。他在潜意识操作的研究及实务成就极具开创性，被誉称为至目前为止，世界上最伟大的沟通者。心理学学者尊称他为二十世纪的首席心理治疗师，许多人认为，若说佛洛伊德对心理治疗的贡献在于理论，而艾瑞克森的贡献则在于治疗实务，他所研发的治疗方法已在全球被广泛应用，并公认对许多高效的心理治疗法起着重大的影响，这包括：短期策略心理治疗（英语：Brief psychotherapy）、家庭輔導、策略性家庭治疗（英语：Strategic Family Therapy）、焦點解決治療（SFBT）及神经语言程式学（NLP）等多项主流治疗系统。 艾瑞克森催眠的核心是「隱喻性溝通」，即來訪者聽到一個與自己的問題無關（比如不同的場景和人物）但結構上卻相似的問題時，他們開始接近並探索自己的問題。具有以自我參考的方式去理解和表徵交流的強烈傾向。在這里最重要的是催眠促進了象徵性加工（即隱喻加工）的工程。在大多數臨床中周期性發生的癥狀問題可被看做是雙重束縛補充物的象徵性濃縮，即癥狀是由否定操作者所限制的補充物的濃縮。表面上對立的動機或指令是共生的。換句話說，它們是整合沖突的無意識努力，即是為了整合互補性所作的隱喻性（可理解為無意識的）的努力，這與問題兒童的癥狀往往反映了其父母的沖突的表現非常象。隱喻性溝通（可理解為象徵性加工）最能體現治療性雙重束縛的精準內涵，非常適合來訪者。 艾瑞克森是一位多产作家，并经常与共事者合着。他主要的合作人是 他的主要合作者是欧内斯特.罗西，其著作包括： Hypnotic Realities ISBN 0-8290-0112-3 (With Ernest L. Rossi) Hypnotherapy - An Exploratory Casebook ISBN 0-8290-0244-8 (With Ernest L. Rossi) Experiencing Hypnosis ISBN 0-8290-0246-4 (With Ernest L. Rossi) The Practical Application of Medical and Dental Hypnosis ISBN 0-87630-570-2 (with Seymour Hershman and Irving I. Secter) (out of print) Time Distortion in Hypnosis ISBN 1-899836-95-0 (With Linn F. Cooper) 他的临床记录也被编汇成四部合集： Collected Papers on Hypnosis: Volume 1 - Nature of Hypnosis and Suggestion ISBN 0-8290-1206-0 (Ernest L. Rossi, Editor) Collected Papers on Hypnosis: Volume 2 - Sensory, Perceptual and Psychophysiological Processes ISBN 0-8290-1207-9 (Ernest L. Rossi, Editor) Collected Papers on Hypnosis: Volume 3 - Hypnotic Investigation of Psychodynamic Processes ISBN 0-8290-1208-7 (Ernest L. Rossi, Editor) Collected Papers on Hypnosis: Volume 4 - Innovative Hypnotherapy ISBN 0-8290-1209-5 (Ernest L. Rossi, Editor) - note, these four volumes are sometimes made available digitally under the misleading (and erroneous) name 'Complete Works'. 有些书籍是他的授课及讲座实录本，这包括有： My Voice Will Go With You - The Teaching Tales of Milton H. Erickson ISBN 0-393-30135-4 (Sidney Rosen, Editor) Seminars, Workshops and Lectures of Milton H. Erickson Volume 1 - Healing in Hypnosis ISBN 1-85343-405-1 (Margaret O. Ryan & Florence Sharp, Editors) Seminars, Workshops and Lectures of Milton H. Erickson Volume 2 - Life Reframing in Hypnosis ISBN 0-8290-1581-7 (Florence Sharp, Editor) Seminars, Workshops and Lectures of Milton H. Erickson Volume 3 - Mind-Body Communication in Hypnosis ISBN 0-8290-1805-0 (Ernest L. Rossi, Editor) Seminars, Workshops and Lectures of Milton H. Erickson Volume 4 - Creative Choice in Hypnosis ISBN 1-85343-421-3 (Ernest L. Rossi & Margaret O. Ryan, Editors) Conversations with Milton H. Erickson, M.D., edited by Jay Haley (WW Norton and Company: New York, 1999) Volume I: Changing Individuals Volume II: Changing Couples Volume III: Changing Children and Families Milton H. Erickson, M.D.: In His Own Voice, edited by Jay Haley and co-edited by Madeleine Richeport (WW Norton & Company: New York, 1991). Sex Therapy - The Female Sex Therapy - The Male Problem Drinkers Multiple Personalities 还有一些是片段收集的艾瑞克森语录: The Wisdom of Milton H Erickson: The Complete Volume ISBN 1-904424-17-1 (Ronald A.Havens, Editor) An Uncommon Casebook: Complete Clinical Work of Milton H.Erickson, M.D. ISBN 0-393-70101-8 (William Hudson O'Hanlon & Angela L. Hexum) 除了源自其本身的著作，更有许多作者以专书的型式介绍及分析他的治疗技巧，这些书籍一般以他的讲习、授课及工作坊内容作为蓝本： Patterns of the Hypnotic Techniques of Milton H.Erickson: Volume 1 ISBN 1-55552-052-9, John Grinder & Richard Bandler Patterns of the Hypnotic Techniques of Milton H.Erickson: Volume 2 ISBN 1-55552-053-7, John Grinder, Richard Bandler & Judith DeLozier Milton H.Erickson (Key Figures in Counselling & Psychotherapy Series) ISBN 0-8039-7575-9 (Jeffrey K. Zeig & W. Michael Munion) Uncommon Therapy: Psychiatric Techniques of Milton H.Erickson, M.D. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Jay Haley (WW Norton & Company: New York, 1993). The Answer Within: A Clinical Framework of Ericksonian Hypnotherapy ISBN 978-184590121-9 (Stephen Lankton & Carol Hicks Lankton) Assembling Ericksonian Therapy ISBN 1-932462-10-4 (Stephen Lankton) Phoenix: Therapeutic Patterns of Milton H.Erickson ISBN 0-916990-10-9 (David Gordon, Maribeth Meyers-Anderson) Enchantment and Intervention in Family Therapy: Using Metaphors in Family Therapy ISBN 978-184590083-9 (Stephen Lankton & Carol Hicks Lankton) A Guide to Trance Land: A Practical Handbook of Ericksonian and Solution-Oriented Hypnosis （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Bill O'Hanlon (WW Norton & Company: New York, 2009). Healing the Divided Self: Clinical and Ericksonian Hypnotherapy for Dissociative Conditions by Claire Frederick and Maggie Phillips (WW Norton & Company: New York, 1995). Solution-Oriented Hypnosis: An Ericksonian Approach by Bill O'Hanlon and Michael Martin (WW Norton & Company: New York, 1991). Resolving Sexual Abuse: Solution-Focused Therapy and Ericksonian Hypnosis for Adult Survivors by Yvonne M. Dolan (WW Norton & Company: New York, 1991). My Voice Will Go With You: The Teaching Tales of Milton H. Erickson （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Sidney Rosen (WW Norton & Company: New York, 1991) Taproots: Underlying Principles of Milton Erickson's Therapy and Hypnosis by Bill O'Hanlon (WW Norton & Company: New York 1981). Beyond Erickson: A Fresh Look at "The Emperor of Hypnosis", Milton H. Erickson by Alex Tsander (Summitother,Bristol, 2005. ISBN 0-9550731-0-3). 艾瑞克森：天生的催眠大师, 著：杰弗瑞。萨德，译：陈厚恺/刘慧卿 (心灵工坊，台湾 ISBN 986-7574-13-3) 跟大师学催眠：米尔顿。艾瑞克森治疗实录, 著：杰弗瑞。萨德，译：朱春林等11人 (心灵工坊，台湾 ISBN 986-7574-14-1) 催眠之声伴随你, 著：史德奈。罗森，译：萧德兰 (生命潜能，台湾 ISBN 957-8292-27-9) 艾瑞克森催眠的核心：「隱喻性溝通」 | 芳網. fangweb.com. [2018-11-26]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-27）.  维基共享资源上的相關多媒體資源：米尔顿·艾瑞克森