歐洲帽貝屬

歐洲帽貝屬（學名：Patella）是帽貝類海螺的属，屬於一種有鰓的笠螺科（英语：Patellidae）海洋腹足纲软体动物。本屬亦是笠螺科的模式屬。 本屬舊屬前鰓亞綱，橢圓錐型，多附著在海邊岩石上。主要生活於冷涼水域，殼背隆起，表面粗糙，一般為褐色，殼內為白色，具光澤。 本屬過往包含多個亞屬，但現時或已分離出去，又或合併到本屬。但這些異名與現有物種總計超過400項紀錄。截至2019年1月19日 (2019-01-19)[update]，WoRMS紀錄本屬物種只有下列22個現生及化石物種： Patella alessiae Forli, Dell'Angelo, Montagna & Taviani, 2004 † Patella ambroggii Lecointre, 1952 † Patella aspera（英语：Patella aspera） Röding, 1798 Patella caerulea（英语：Patella caerulea） Linnaeus, 1758 Patella candei（英语：Patella candei） d'Orbigny, 1840 Patella depressa（英语：Patella depressa） Pennant, 1777 Patella estotiensis Lozouet, 1999 † Patella ferruginea（英语：Patella ferruginea） Gmelin, 1791 Patella hebertiana (d'Orbigny, 1850) † Patella lugubris（英语：Patella lugubris） Gmelin, 1791 Patella mahamensis Martín-González, 2018 † Patella maxoratensis Martín-González & Vera-Peláez, 2018 † Patella natalensis（英语：Patella natalensis） Krauss, 1848 Patella pellucida（英语：Patella pellucida） Linnaeus, 1758 Patella piperata（英语：Patella piperata） Gould, 1846 Patella protea Doderlein, 1862 † Patella rustica（英语：Patella rustica） Linnaeus, 1758 Patella skelettensis（英语：Patella skelettensis） Massier, 2009 Patella swakopmundensis（英语：Patella swakopmundensis） Massier, 2009 Patella tintina Martín-González & Vera-Peláez, 2018 † Patella ulyssiponensis（英语：Patella ulyssiponensis） Gmelin, 1791 Patella vulgata Linnaeus, 1758 taxon inquirendum Patella depsta Reeve, 1855 Patella reynaudi Deshayes, 1832 nomen dubium Patella crassicosta Deshayes, 1835 Patella crassicostata Rovasenda in Sacco, 1897 † Patella crenata Gmelin, 1791 Patella hepatica Gmelin, 1791 Patella monticola Nuttall in Carpenter Patella monticula Nuttall in Carpenter 異名 Patella achates Reeve, 1855: synonym of Acmaea achates (Reeve, 1855) Patella aculeata Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Bostrycapulus aculeatus（英语：Bostrycapulus aculeatus） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella adansonii Dunker, 1853: synonym of Cymbula safiana（英语：Cymbula safiana） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella afra Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Trimusculus afer (Gmelin, 1791) Patella alba da Costa, 1771: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella alba Anton, 1838: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella albescens Philippi, 1846: synonym of Iothia albescens (Philippi, 1846) Patella albida Mörch, 1853: synonym of Cymbula nigra (da Costa, 1771): synonym of Cymbula safiana（英语：Cymbula safiana） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella algira Deshayes, 1840: synonym of Cymbula nigra (da Costa, 1771): synonym of Cymbula safiana（英语：Cymbula safiana） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella ambigua Dillwyn, 1817: synonym of Scutus anatinus（英语：Scutus anatinus） (Donovan, 1820) Patella amoena Say, 1822: synonym of Testudinalia testudinalis（英语：Testudinalia testudinalis） (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella amphitrite Turton, 1932: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella anatina Donovan, 1820: synonym of Scutus anatinus（英语：Scutus anatinus） (Donovan, 1820) Patella ancyloides Forbes, 1840, non J de C Sowerby, 1824 and Patella exigua W. Thompson, 1844 are synonyms for Propilidium exiguum（英语：Propilidium exiguum） (W. Thompson, 1844) Patella apertura Montagu, 1803: synonym of Diodora graeca（英语：Diodora graeca） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella aphanes Robson, 1986: synonym of Scutellastra aphanes（英语：Scutellastra aphanes） (Robson, 1986) Patella araucana d'Orbigny, 1839: synonym of Scurria araucana (d'Orbigny, 1839) Patella ardosiaea Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841: synonym of Cellana ardosiaea (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841) Patella argenvillei Krauss, 1848: synonym of Scutellastra argenvillei（英语：Scutellastra argenvillei） (Krauss, 1848) Patella articulata Reeve, 1855: synonym of Cellana cylindrica (Gmelin, 1791) Patella aspera Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis（英语：Patella ulyssiponensis） Gmelin, 1791 Patella aster Reeve, 1855 : synonym of Cellana rota（英语：Cellana rota） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella athletica Bean, 1844: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis（英语：Patella ulyssiponensis） Gmelin, 1791 Patella auricola da Costa, 1771: synonym of Patella depressa Pennant, 1777 Patella auricularia Lightfoot, 1786: synonym of 龍骨海鹿 (Lightfoot, 1786) Patella australis Lamarck, 1819: synonym of 顶盖螺 (Schumacher, 1817) Patella axiaerata Verco, 1912: synonym of Asteracmea axiaerata (Verco, 1912) Patella azorica Nuttal in Jay, 1852: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis（英语：Patella ulyssiponensis） Gmelin, 1791 Patella barbara Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella barbata Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella baudonii Drouet, 1858: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis（英语：Patella ulyssiponensis） Gmelin, 1791 Patella bifida Fischer von Waldheim, 1807: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella bimaculata Montagu, 1803: synonym of Ansates pellucida (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Patella pellucida（英语：Patella pellucida） Linnaeus, 1758 Patella boninensis Pilsbry, 1891: synonym of Cellana mazatlandica (G. B. Sowerby I, 1839) Patella bonnardii Payraudeau, 1826: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella borbonica Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1804: synonym of Septaria borbonica（英语：Septaria borbonica） (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1804) Patella caeca O. F. Müller, 1776: synonym of Lepeta caeca（英语：Lepeta caeca） (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella calamus Crosse & P. Fischer, 1864: synonym of Eoacmaea calamus（英语：Eoacmaea calamus） (Crosse & P. Fischer, 1864) Patella calicula Li Chang, 1930: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella cancellata Risso, 1826: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella candeana d'Orbigny, 1847: synonym of Lottia antillarum（英语：Lottia antillarum） G. B. Sowerby I, 1834 Patella candida Couthouy, 1838: synonym of Lepeta caeca（英语：Lepeta caeca） (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella capensis Gmelin, 1791: synonym of 车轮笠螺 (Born, 1778) Patella ceciliana (Orbigny, 1841): synonym of Scurria ceciliana（英语：Scurria ceciliana） (d'Orbigny, 1841) Patella cernica (H. Adams, 1869): synonym of Cellana livescens（英语：Cellana livescens） (Reeve, 1855) Patella chapmani Tenison-Woods, 1875: synonym of Scutellastra chapmani（英语：Scutellastra chapmani） (Tenison-Woods, 1875) Patella chinensis Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Calyptraea chinensis（英语：Calyptraea chinensis） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella chitonoides Reeve, 1854: synonym of Scutellastra exusta（英语：Scutellastra exusta） (Reeve, 1854) Patella cinnamomea Gould, 1846: synonym of Phenacolepas cinnamomea (Gould, 1846) Patella clathratula Reeve, 1854: synonym of Cellana ardosiaea (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841) Patella clealandi Fleming, 1828: synonym of Testudinalia testudinalis（英语：Testudinalia testudinalis） (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella clypea Brown, 1827: synonym of Testudinalia testudinalis（英语：Testudinalia testudinalis） (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella cochlear Born, 1778: synonym of Scutellastra cochlear（英语：Scutellastra cochlear） (Born, 1778) Patella coeruleata da Costa, 1778: synonym of Ansates pellucida (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Patella pellucida Linnaeus, 1758 Patella coffea (Reeve, 1855): synonym of Scurria variabilis（英语：Scurria variabilis） (G. B. Sowerby I, 1839) Patella compressa Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Cymbula compressa（英语：Cymbula compressa） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella concolor f. polygramma Tomlin, 1931: synonym of Helcion concolor（英语：Helcion concolor） (Krauss, 1848) Patella conica Anton, 1838: synonym of Patella vulgata Linnaeus, 1758 Patella conspicua Philippi, 1849: synonym of Cymbula nigra (da Costa, 1771): synonym of Cymbula safiana（英语：Cymbula safiana） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella cornea Helbling, 1779: synonym of Ansates pellucida (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Patella pellucida Linnaeus, 1758 Patella costosoplicata Mörch, 1853: synonym of Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 Patella crepidula Linnaeus, 1767: synonym of Crepidula unguiformis（英语：Crepidula unguiformis） Lamarck, 1822 Patella cretacea Reeve, 1854: synonym of 星笠螺 (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) Patella cylindrica Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Cellana cylindrica (Gmelin, 1791) Patella cypria Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Patella ferruginea（英语：Patella ferruginea） Gmelin, 1791 Patella cypridium Perry, 1811: synonym of Ansates pellucida (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Patella pellucida Linnaeus, 1758 † Patella deformis K. Martin, 1883: synonym of † Cellana deformis (K. Martin, 1883) Patella digitata Fischer von Waldheim, 1807: synonym of Scutellastra longicosta（英语：Scutellastra longicosta） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella dilatata Lamarck, 1822: synonym of Crepipatella dilatata（英语：Crepipatella dilatata） (Lamarck, 1822) Patella dira Reeve, 1855: synonym of Cellana dira (Reeve, 1855) Patella donacina Anton, 1838: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella electrina Reeve, 1854: synonym of Patella depressa Pennant, 1777 Patella emarginuloides Philippi, 1868: synonym of Iothia emarginuloides（英语：Iothia emarginuloides） (Philippi, 1868) Patella enneagona Reeve, 1854: synonym of Cellana cylindrica (Gmelin, 1791) Patella equestris Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of 風鈴晃蓋螺 (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella exigua Thompson W., 1844: synonym of Propilidium exiguum（英语：Propilidium exiguum） (W. Thompson, 1844) Patella extinctorium Turton, 1819: synonym of Pomatoceros triqueter (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Spirobranchus triqueter (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella exusta Reeve, 1854 and Patella pica Reeve, 1854 are synonyms for Scutellastra exusta（英语：Scutellastra exusta） (Reeve, 1854) Patella farquhari Turton, 1932: synonym of Helcion concolor（英语：Helcion concolor） (Krauss, 1848) Patella favaniana Risso, 1826: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella fissura Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Emarginula fissura（英语：Emarginula fissura） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella flava Hutton, 1873: synonym of Cellana flava（英语：Cellana flava） (Hutton, 1873) Patella flexuosa Quoy & Gaimard, 1834 and Patella stellaeformis Reeve, 1842 are synonyms for 星笠螺 (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) Patella forbesi Smith J., 1839: synonym of Iothia fulva（英语：Iothia fulva） (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella fornicata Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Crepidula fornicata（英语：Crepidula fornicata） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella fragilis Philippi, 1836: synonym of Patella caerulea（英语：Patella caerulea） Linnaeus, 1758 Patella fraunfeldi Dunker, 1866: synonym of Patella piperata Gould, 1846 Patella fulva O. F. Müller, 1776: synonym of Iothia fulva（英语：Iothia fulva） (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella fungoides Da Costa, 1771: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella fusca Landt, 1800: synonym of Ansates pellucida (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Patella pellucida Linnaeus, 1758 Patella galathea Lamarck, 1819: synonym of 鱗片扁帽螺 (Lamarck, 1819) Patella galeata Helbing, 1779: synonym of Diodora galeata（英语：Diodora galeata） (Helbing, 1779) Patella garconi Deshayes, 1863: synonym of Cellana livescens（英语：Cellana livescens） (Reeve, 1855) Patella goreensis Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Crepidula unguiformis（英语：Crepidula unguiformis） Lamarck, 1822 Patella gorgonica da Costa, 1771: synonym of Patella rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Patella goudoti Mabille, 1888: synonym of Patella depressa Pennant, 1777 Patella graeca Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Diodora graeca（英语：Diodora graeca） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella granatina: synonym of Cymbula granatina（英语：Cymbula granatina） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella granostriata Reeve, 1855: synonym of Cellana granostriata (Reeve, 1855) Patella granularis Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Scutellastra granularis（英语：Scutellastra granularis） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella grata Gould, 1859: synonym of 斗笠螺 (Gould, 1859) Patella grisea Risso, 1826: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella grisea de Blainville, 1825: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella guineensis Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Cymbula nigra (da Costa, 1771): synonym of Cymbula safiana（英语：Cymbula safiana） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella guttata d'Orbigny, 1840: synonym of Patella piperata Gould, 1846 Patella helena Turton, 1932: synonym of Helcion concolor（英语：Helcion concolor） (Krauss, 1848) Patella hellespontiana Monterosato, 1888: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella hepatica Prtichard & Gatliff, 1902: synonym of Patelloida victoriae (Gatliff & Gabriel, 1922) Patella hera Turton, 1932: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella hombroni Dautzenberg & Bouge, 1933: synonym of Cellana radiata orientalis (Pilsbry, 1891) Patella hypsilotera Locard, 1892: synonym of Patella vulgata Linnaeus, 1758 Patella illuminata Gould, 1846: synonym of Cellana strigilis（英语：Cellana strigilis） (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841) Patella inconspicua Gray, 1843: synonym of Radiacmea inconspicua（英语：Radiacmea inconspicua） (Gray, 1843) Patella instabilis Gould, 1846: synonym of Lottia instabilis（英语：Lottia instabilis） (Gould, 1846) Patella intermedia Murray in Knapp, 1857, black-footed limpet: synonym of Patella depressa Pennant, 1777 Patella intorta Pennant, 1777: synonym of Ansates pellucida (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Patella pellucida Linnaeus, 1758 Patella jamaicensis Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Lottia jamaicensis（英语：Lottia jamaicensis） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella karachiensis Winckworth, 1930: synonym of Cellana rota（英语：Cellana rota） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella kermadecensis: synonym of Scutellastra kermadecensis（英语：Scutellastra kermadecensis） (Pilsbry, 1894) Patella kraussii Dunker, 1853: synonym of Cymbula nigra (da Costa, 1771): synonym of Cymbula safiana（英语：Cymbula safiana） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella lacunosa Reeve, 1855: synonym of Scutellastra tabularis（英语：Scutellastra tabularis） (Krauss, 1848) Patella lacustris Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Acroloxus lacustris（英语：Acroloxus lacustris） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella laevigata Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Patella depressa Pennant, 1777 Patella laevis Pennant, 1777: synonym of Patella pellucida Linnaeus, 1758 Patella lamarckii Payraudeau, 1826: synonym of Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 Patella lamellata Röding, 1798: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella lampedusensis de Gregorio, 1884: synonym of Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 Patella laterocompressa de Rayneval & Ponzi, 1854: synonym of Lepetella laterocompressa（英语：Lepetella laterocompressa） (de Rayneval & Ponzi, 1854) Patella laticostata: synonym of Scutellastra laticostata（英语：Scutellastra laticostata） (Blainville, 1825) Patella lepas Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Concholepas concholepas（英语：Concholepas concholepas） (Bruguière, 1789) Patella leucopleura Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Lottia leucopleura（英语：Lottia leucopleura） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella limatula Carpenter, 1864: synonym of Lottia limatula（英语：Lottia limatula） (Carpenter, 1864) Patella listeri Monterosato, 1888: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis（英语：Patella ulyssiponensis） Gmelin, 1791 Patella livescens Reeve, 1855: synonym of Cellana livescens（英语：Cellana livescens） (Reeve, 1855) Patella longicosta Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Scutellastra longicosta（英语：Scutellastra longicosta） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella lowei d'Orbigny, 1839: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis（英语：Patella ulyssiponensis） Gmelin, 1791 Patella lusitanica Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Patella rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Patella luteola Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 Patella mabillei Locard, 1892: synonym of Patella depressa Pennant, 1777 Patella macroschisma Lightfoot, 1786: synonym of Macroschisma macroschisma (Lightfoot, 1786) Patella magellanica Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Nacella magellanica（英语：Nacella magellanica） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella mamillata Risso, 1826: synonym of Trimusculus mammillaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella mammilaris Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Trimusculus mammillaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella mammillaris Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Trimusculus mammillaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella margaritacea Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella mazatlandica G. B. Sowerby I, 1839: synonym of Cellana mazatlandica (G. B. Sowerby I, 1839) Patella medusa Röding, 1798: synonym of Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 Patella mexicana Broderip, W.J. & G.B. I Sowerby, 1829: synonym of Scutellastra mexicana（英语：Scutellastra mexicana） (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1829) Patella micans Röding, 1798: synonym of Cellana cylindrica (Gmelin, 1791) Patella militaris Linnaeus, 1771: synonym of Capulus ungaricus（英语：Capulus ungaricus） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella miniata Born, 1778 and Patella sanguinans Reeve, 1854 are synonyms for Cymbula miniata（英语：Cymbula miniata） (Born, 1778) Patella moreleti Drouet, 1858: synonym of 星笠螺 (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) Patella moreli Deshayes, 1863: synonym of 星笠螺 (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) Patella morio Noodt, 1819: synonym of Cellana radians（英语：Cellana radians） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella muricata Brocchi, 1814: synonym of Calyptraea chinensis（英语：Calyptraea chinensis） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella mytiliformis Schroeter, 1786: synonym of Ansates pellucida (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Patella pellucida Linnaeus, 1758 Patella mytilina Helbling, 1779: synonym of Nacella mytilina（英语：Nacella mytilina） (Helbling, 1779) Patella nacrina de Gregorio, 1884: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella nigra Emanuel Mendez da Costa（英语：Emanuel Mendez da Costa）, 1771 and Patella safiana Lamarck are synonyms for Cymbula nigra（英语：Cymbula nigra） (da Costa, 1771) Patella nigrisquamata Reeve, 1854: synonym of Cellana mazatlandica (G. B. Sowerby I, 1839) Patella nigrolineata Reeve, 1854: synonym of 松叶笠螺 (Reeve, 1854) Patella nigropunctata Reeve, 1854: synonym of Patella rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Patella nigrosquamosa Dunker, 1846: synonym of Patella piperata Gould, 1846 Patella noachina Linnaeus, 1771: synonym of Puncturella noachina（英语：Puncturella noachina） (Linnaeus, 1771) Patella notata Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Clypidina notata（英语：Clypidina notata） (Linnaeus, 1785) Patella novemradiata Quoy & Gaimard, 1834: synonym of Cellana livescens（英语：Cellana livescens） (Reeve, 1855) Patella nubecula Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Fissurella nubecula（英语：Fissurella nubecula） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella nympha Turton, 1932: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella obtecta Krauss, 1848: synonym of Scutellastra obtecta（英语：Scutellastra obtecta） (Krauss, 1848) Patella octoradiata Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Hemitoma octoradiata（英语：Hemitoma octoradiata） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella octoradiata Hutton, 1873: synonym of Scutellastra chapmani（英语：Scutellastra chapmani） (Tenison-Woods, 1875) Patella oculus: synonym of Cymbula oculus（英语：Cymbula oculus） (Born, 1778) Patella oculuscati Noodt, 1819: synonym of Scutellastra granularis（英语：Scutellastra granularis） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella oculushirci da Costa, 1771: synonym of Cymbula oculus（英语：Cymbula oculus） (Born, 1778) Patella ombracula Blainville, 1819: synonym of 中华伞螺 (Lightfoot, 1786) Patella opea Reeve, 1855: synonym of Lottia antillarum（英语：Lottia antillarum） G. B. Sowerby I, 1834 Patella orbignyana Nordsieck & Talavera, 1979: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella pallida Gould, 1859: synonym of Niveotectura pallida（英语：Niveotectura pallida） (Gould, 1859) Patella parasitica (Orbigny, 1841): synonym of Scurria variabilis（英语：Scurria variabilis） (G. B. Sowerby I, 1839) Patella parva Montagu, 1803: synonym of Tectura virginea（英语：Tectura virginea） (O.F. Müller, 1776) Patella patriarcha Pilsbry, 1891: synonym of Scutellastra tabularis（英语：Scutellastra tabularis） (Krauss, 1848) Patella paulinoi Locard, 1894: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella paumotensis Gould, 1846: synonym of 星笠螺 (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) Patella pectinata Born, 1780: synonym of Siphonaria pectinata（英语：Siphonaria pectinata） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella penicillata (Reeve, 1855): synonym of Scurria variabilis（英语：Scurria variabilis） (G. B. Sowerby I, 1839) Patella peronii: synonym of Scutellastra peronii（英语：Scutellastra peronii） (Blainville, 1825) Patella perversa Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Tylodina perversa（英语：Tylodina perversa） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella pharaonis Jousseaume, 1888: synonym of Cellana rota（英语：Cellana rota） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella pica Reeve, 1854: synonym of Scutellastra exusta（英语：Scutellastra exusta） (Reeve, 1854) Patella picta Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Fissurella picta（英语：Fissurella picta） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella plicaria Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella plicata Born, 1778: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella plumbea Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Cymbula safiana（英语：Cymbula safiana） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella polaris Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841: synonym of [[Nacella polaris]] (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841) Patella poli Scacchi, 1832: synonym of Calyptraea chinensis（英语：Calyptraea chinensis） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella polita Risso, 1826: synonym of Patella rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Patella pontica Valenciennes in Monterosato, 1888: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella pontica Milaschewitsch, 1914: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella porcellana Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of 壁蜑螺 (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella pottsi Hutton, 1873: synonym of Cellana strigilis（英语：Cellana strigilis） (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841) Patella profunda Deshayes, 1863: synonym of Eoacmaea profunda（英语：Eoacmaea profunda） (Deshayes, 1863) Patella pulchella Forbes, 1835: synonym of Tectura virginea（英语：Tectura virginea） (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella pulcherrima Krebs, 1864: synonym of Lottia antillarum（英语：Lottia antillarum） G. B. Sowerby I, 1834 Patella punctata Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Patella rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Patella punctulata Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Patella rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Patella puncturata Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Eoacmaea pustulata（英语：Eoacmaea pustulata） (Helbling, 1779) Patella pustulata Helbling, 1779: synonym of Eoacmaea pustulata（英语：Eoacmaea pustulata） (Helbling, 1779) Patella pyramidata Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Patella ferruginea（英语：Patella ferruginea） Gmelin, 1791 Patella pyriformis da Costa, 1771: synonym of Scutellastra cochlear（英语：Scutellastra cochlear） (Born, 1778) Patella radiata Born, 1778: synonym of 车轮笠螺 (Born, 1778) Patella radiata Perry, 1811: synonym of Patella vulgata Linnaeus, 1758 Patella redimiculum Reeve, 1854: synonym of Cellana strigilis（英语：Cellana strigilis） (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841) Patella repanda Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella reticulata Donovan, 1803: synonym of Diodora graeca（英语：Diodora graeca） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella richelmia Risso, 1826: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella rietensis Turton, 1932: synonym of Helcion concolor（英语：Helcion concolor） (Krauss, 1848) Patella riparia Nardo, 1847: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella rosea Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Fissurella nubecula（英语：Fissurella nubecula） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella rota Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Cellana rota（英语：Cellana rota） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella rouxii Payraudeau, 1826: synonym of Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 Patella rubella O. Fabricius, 1780: synonym of Erginus rubellus（英语：Erginus rubellus） (O. Fabricius, 1780) Patella rudis Röding, 1798: synonym of Fissurella nodosa（英语：Fissurella nodosa） (Born, 1778) Patella safiana Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Cymbula safiana（英语：Cymbula safiana） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella sagittata Gould, 1846: synonym of Cellana vitiensis（英语：Cellana vitiensis） Powell, 1973 Patella sanguinans Reeve, 1854: synonym of [[Cymbula sanguinans]] (Reeve, 1854) Patella scapula Martyn, 1786: synonym of 龍骨海鹿 (Lightfoot, 1786) Patella schrenckii Lischke, 1868: synonym of 花青螺 (Lischke, 1868) Patella scissa Salis Marschlins, 1793: synonym of Emarginula huzardii（英语：Emarginula huzardii） Payraudeau, 1826 Patella scurra Lesson, 1831: synonym of Scurria scurra（英语：Scurria scurra） (Lesson, 1831) Patella scutellina Locard, 1892: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella scutellum Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Amblychilepas scutella [sic]: synonym of Dendrofissurella scutellum（英语：Dendrofissurella scutellum） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella septemradiata Fischer von Waldheim, 1807: synonym of Cymbula granatina（英语：Cymbula granatina） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella serrata Fischer von Waldheim, 1807: synonym of Siphonaria serrata (Fischer von Waldheim, 1807) Patella silicina Röding, 1798: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella sinensis Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Calyptraea chinensis（英语：Calyptraea chinensis） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella sinica Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Umbraculum sinicum (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of 中华伞螺 (Lightfoot, 1786) Patella sowerbyi Turton, 1932: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella spectabilis Dunker, 1853: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella spinetum Röding, 1798: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella spinifera Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella spinosa Fischer von Waldheim, 1807: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella spinosula Meuschen, 1787: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis（英语：Patella ulyssiponensis） Gmelin, 1791 Patella spinulosa Mörch, 1853: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella squama de Blainville, 1825: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella squama Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Monia squama (Gmelin, 1791) Patella squamata Röding, 1798: synonym of Patella rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Patella squamata Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Cymbula nigra (da Costa, 1771): synonym of Cymbula safiana（英语：Cymbula safiana） (Lamarck, 1819) Patella stella Risso, 1826: synonym of Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 Patella stellaeformis Reeve, 1842: synonym of 星笠螺 (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) Patella stellifera Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Cellana stellifera（英语：Cellana stellifera） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella stellularia Quoy & Gaimard, 1834: synonym of Cellana stellifera（英语：Cellana stellifera） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella strigilis Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841: synonym of Cellana strigilis（英语：Cellana strigilis） (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841) Patella subgranularis de Blainville, 1825: synonym of Patella rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Patella subplana Potiez & Michaud, 1838: synonym of Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758 Patella tabularis Krauss, 1848: synonym of Scutellastra tabularis（英语：Scutellastra tabularis） (Krauss, 1848) Patella tahitica Curtiss, 1938: synonym of Cellana taitensis（英语：Cellana taitensis） (Röding, 1798) Patella tara Prashad & Rao, 1934: synonym of 星笠螺 (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) Patella tarentina Salis Marschlins, 1793: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella taslei Mabille, 1888: synonym of Patella depressa Pennant, 1777 Patella teneriffae Mabille, 1888: synonym of Patella ulyssiponensis Gmelin, 1791 Patella tessellata Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841: synonym of Cellana radiata orientalis (Pilsbry, 1891) Patella tessulata O. F. Müller, 1776: synonym of Testudinalia testudinalis（英语：Testudinalia testudinalis） (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella testudinalis O. F. Müller, 1776: synonym of Testudinalia testudinalis (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella testudinaria Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of 龟甲笠螺 (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella thetis Turton, 1932: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella toreuma Reeve, 1854: synonym of 花笠螺 (Reeve, 1854) Patella tricarinata Linnaeus, 1767: synonym of Amathina tricarinata（英语：Amathina tricarinata） (Linnaeus, 1767) Patella tricornis Turton, 1819: synonym of Pomatoceros triqueter (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Spirobranchus triqueter (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella trigona Gmelin, 1791: synonym of Pilosabia trigona (Gmelin, 1791) Patella tucopiana: synonym of Scutellastra tucopiana（英语：Scutellastra tucopiana） Powell, 1925 Patella turtonia Risso, 1826: synonym of Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 Patella umbraculum Lightfoot, 1786: synonym of 中华伞螺 (Lightfoot, 1786) Patella umbrellata Delle Chiaje, 1830: synonym of 中华伞螺 (Lightfoot, 1786) Patella undulata Röding, 1798: synonym of Cheilea undulata (Röding, 1798) Patella ungarica Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of Capulus ungaricus（英语：Capulus ungaricus） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella unguis Linnaeus, 1758: synonym of 皱纹鸭嘴螺 (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella variabilis (Reeve, 1855): synonym of Scurria variabilis（英语：Scurria variabilis） (G. B. Sowerby I, 1839) Patella variabilis Krauss, 1848: synonym of Helcion concolor（英语：Helcion concolor） (Krauss, 1848) Patella variabilis Risso, 1826: synonym of Patella rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Patella variegata Reeve, 1842: synonym of Cellana rota（英语：Cellana rota） (Gmelin, 1791) Patella variegata Reeve, 1854: synonym of Cellana eucosmia（英语：Cellana eucosmia） (Pilsbry, 1892) Patella vespertina Risso, 1826: synonym of Patella ferruginea Gmelin, 1791 Patella victoriae Gatliff & Gabriel, 1922: synonym of Patelloida victoriae (Gatliff & Gabriel, 1922) Patella virgata Gmelin, 1791: synonym of 车轮笠螺 (Born, 1778) Patella virginea O. F. Müller, 1776: synonym of Tectura virginea（英语：Tectura virginea） (O. F. Müller, 1776) Patella viridula (Lamarck, 1819): synonym of Scurria viridula（英语：Scurria viridula） (Lamarck, 1822) Patella whitechurchi Turton, 1932: synonym of Scutellastra barbara（英语：Scutellastra barbara） (Linnaeus, 1758) Patella zebrina Lesson, 1831: synonym of Scurria zebrina（英语：Scurria zebrina） (Lesson, 1831) 引用错误：没有为名为WoRMS_138312的参考文献提供内容 Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O (编). Patella aspera Röding, 1798. MolluscaBase. [2010-08-03] –通过WoRMS.  Gofas S. Bieler R, Bouchet P, Gofas S, Marshall B, Rosenberg G, La Perna R, Neubauer TA, Sartori AF, Schneider S, Vos C, ter Poorten JJ, Taylor J, Dijkstra H, Finn J, Bank R, Neubert E, Moretzsohn F, Faber M, Houart R, Picton B, Garcia-Alvarez O , 编. Patella caerulea Linnaeus, 1758. MolluscaBase. [2010-08-03] –通过WoRMS.  "Patella (Patellona) adansonii Dunker, 1853" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. OBIS, accessed 3 August 2010. WoRMS (2010). Propilidium exiguum (W. Thompson, 1844). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140188 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on 2010-08-03 "Patella (Patella ) baudonii Drouet, 1858" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. OBIS, accessed 3 August 2010.] WoRMS (2010). Cymbula compressa (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=456659 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on 2010-08-03 WoRMS (2010). Scutellastra exusta (Reeve, 1854). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=456670 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on 2010-08-03 WoRMS (2010). Scutellastra flexuosa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=456685 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on 2010-08-03 WoRMS (2010). Cymbula granatina (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=456688 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on 2010-08-03 引用错误：没有为名为WoRMS Patella depressa的参考文献提供内容 "Patella (Patella) lowei d'Orbigny, 1839" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. OBIS, accessed 3 August 2010. WoRMS (2010). Cymbula miniata (Born, 1778). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=456660 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on 2010-08-03 "Patella (Patella) moreleti Drouet, 1858" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. OBIS, accessed 3 August 2010. Gofas, S. (2009). Cymbula nigra (da Costa, 1771). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=345355 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on 2010-08-03 WoRMS (2010). Cymbula oculus (Born, 1778). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=456661 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on 2010-08-03 Gofas, S. (2010). Tectura virginea (O.F. Müller, 1776). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=153552 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on 2010-08-03 Gofas, S. (2009). Siphonaria pectinata (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=141470 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） on 2010-08-03 "Patella (Patellona) plumbea Lamarck, 1819" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. OBIS, accessed 3 August 2010. 维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：歐洲帽貝屬