骨钙蛋白

骨钙蛋白，也被称为骨含伽马羧酸蛋白 (BGLAP)，是一种非胶原蛋白质，可见于骨或牙本质之中。因其含 伽马羧酸基团, 所以其合成是维生素K依赖性的。在人体，骨钙蛋白是由BGLAP 基因编码的。 其受体是 GPRC6A. 骨钙蛋白仅由成骨细胞分泌，它在人体代谢调节方面有一定作用， 并具有“促成骨”作用。 它也涉及骨矿化和钙离子动态平衡。 骨钙蛋白在人体内也是一种荷尔蒙，它可促使胰腺的beta细胞释放更多的胰岛素, 并同时指示脂肪细胞 释放荷尔蒙脂联素来提高对胰岛素的敏感性。 当前的数据暗示骨钙蛋白在男性生育能力方面扮演的一种可能的角色。 来自哥伦比亚大学医学中心的研究提出骨钙蛋白可能增强睾酮的分泌。 虽然这些研究只由单独的一家实验室进行，但至少有其它两个团体曾独立确认了骨钙蛋白在胰岛素分泌方面的作用。 由于骨钙蛋白是由成骨细胞产生，所以它常常被用作成骨过程标记。在使用针对成骨细胞的成骨促进药物，如 特立帕肽(Teriparatide)的治疗过程当中，曾观察到较高的血浆骨钙蛋白水平与骨矿物质密度（BMD）之间有较高的相关性。在许多研究当中，骨钙蛋白被用作一种指示某种药物骨形成效应的基本的生化标记。例如，一项针对一种叫做乳铁蛋白(lactoferrin)的糖蛋白对成骨过程效用的研究就使用了骨钙蛋白作为成骨细胞活跃度的度量指标。 Puchacz E, Lian JB, Stein GS, Wozney J, Huebner K, Croce C. 人类骨钙蛋白基因染色体定位. Endocrinology. May 1989, 124 (5): 2648–50. PMID 2785029. doi:10.1210/endo-124-5-2648.  Cancela L, Hsieh CL, Francke U, Price PA. 分子结构，染色体分配，以及人类基质Gla的蛋白质基因的启动子的组织. J. Biol. Chem. 1990，九月, 265 (25): 15040–8. PMID 2394711.  请检查|date=中的日期值 (帮助) 存档副本. 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