古柯属

古柯属（学名：Erythroxylum）是古柯科下的一个属，为灌木或小乔木植物。该属共有古柯等250种，分布于热带、亚热带地区，部分種可製毒。 本属包括以下物种： Erythroxylon areolatum Linnaeus, 1759 Erythroxylum acrobeles Gentner Erythroxylum acuminatum Ruiz & Pav. Erythroxylum acutifolium Steud. ex O.E.Schulz, 1907 Erythroxylum acutum Gentner Erythroxylum aerolatum L. Erythroxylum affine A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum alaternifolium A.Rich. Erythroxylum amazonicum Peyr. Erythroxylum ambiguum Peyr. Erythroxylum americanum Fisch. ex Steud. Erythroxylum amplifolium Baill. Erythroxylum amplum Benth. Erythroxylum andrei Plowman Erythroxylum angelicae Loiola Erythroxylum anguifugum C.Mart. Erythroxylum annamense Tardieu Erythroxylum apiculatum Diogo Erythroxylum areolatum Billb. ex Beurl. Erythroxylum areolatum L. Erythroxylum argentinum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum armatum Oviedo & Borhidi Erythroxylum arrajodoi O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum arrojadoi O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum australe F.Muell. 南粤古柯 Erythroxylum austroguangdongense C. M. He, X. X. Zhou & Y. H. Tong, 2022 Erythroxylum ayrtonianum Loiola & M.F.Sales Erythroxylum banaoense Oviedo Erythroxylum bangii Rusby Erythroxylum baracoense Borhidi Erythroxylum barbatum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum bequaertii Standl. Erythroxylum betulaceum Mart. Erythroxylum bezerrae Plowman 双色古柯 Erythroxylum bicolor O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum boinense H.Perrier Erythroxylum boivinianum Baill. Erythroxylum bradeanum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum brennae D'Arcy & Schanen Erythroxylum brevipes DC. Erythroxylum buxifolium Lam. Erythroxylum buxus Peyr. Erythroxylum caatingae Plowman Erythroxylum calothamnus Lign. & Fig. Erythroxylum calyptratum Komada & Tagane Erythroxylum cambodianum L.Pierre ex O.E.Schulz, 1907 Erythroxylum cambodianum Pierre Erythroxylum campestre A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum campinense Amaral Erythroxylum capitatum Baker Erythroxylum carajasense (Plowman) Costa-Lima Erythroxylum cassinoides Planch. & Linden ex Triana & Planch. Erythroxylum cataractarum Spruce ex Peyr. Erythroxylum catharinense Amaral Erythroxylum catuaba A.J.Silva ex Raym.-Hamet Erythroxylum chilpe E.Machado, 1972 Erythroxylum cincinnatum Mart. Erythroxylum citrifolium A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum clarense Borhidi 药古柯 Erythroxylum coca Lam. Erythroxylum coelophlebium Mart. Erythroxylum coffeifolium Baill. Erythroxylum cogolloi Jara Erythroxylum columbinum Mart. Erythroxylum compressum Peyr. Erythroxylum concinnatum Pritz. Erythroxylum confusum Britton Erythroxylum cordato-ovatum Huber Erythroxylum coriaceum Britton & P.Wilson Erythroxylum corymbosum Boivin ex Baill. Erythroxylum couveleense Guillaumin Erythroxylum cryptanthum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum cumanense Kunth Erythroxylum cuneatum (Miq.) Kurz Erythroxylum cuneifolioides E.W.Berry Erythroxylum cuneifolium (Mart.) O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum cuspidifolium Mart. Erythroxylum cyclophyllum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum cymosum Lign. & Bey Erythroxylum daphnites Mart. Erythroxylum davidii D'Arcy & Schanen Erythroxylum deciduum A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum dekindtii (Engl.) O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum delagoense Schinz Erythroxylum densiflorum Bong. ex O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum densum Rusby Erythroxylum dillonii Plowman ex Jara Erythroxylum discolor Bojer Erythroxylum distortum Mart. Erythroxylum divaricatum Peyr. Erythroxylum domingense Oviedo Erythroxylum dumosum Alain Erythroxylum ecarinatum Hochr. Erythroxylum echinodendron Ekman Erythroxylum echinodendron Ekman ex Urb. Erythroxylum elegans Baill. Erythroxylum ellipticum R.Br. ex Benth. Erythroxylum emarginatum Thonn. Erythroxylum engleri O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum falletenianum A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum ferrugineum Cav. Erythroxylum fimbriatum Peyr. Erythroxylum firmum Baker Erythroxylum fischeri Engl. Erythroxylum flaccidum Salzm. ex Peyr. Erythroxylum flavicans Borhidi Erythroxylum fluminense Bong. ex O.E.Schulz, 1907 Erythroxylum foetidum Plowman Erythroxylum frangulifolium A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum gaudichaudii Peyr. Erythroxylum gentryi Jara Erythroxylum gerrardii Baker Erythroxylum glaucoclados Peyr. Erythroxylum glaucum O.E.Schulz. Erythroxylum glazioui O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum glaziovii O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum gonoclados (Mart.) O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum gonocladum (Mart.) O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum gracile O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum gracilipes Peyr. Erythroxylum grandifolium Peyr. Erythroxylum grisebachii Peyr. Erythroxylum guanchezii Plowman Erythroxylum guatemalense Lundell Erythroxylum hamigerum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum haughtii Gentner Erythroxylum havanense Jacq. Erythroxylum hondense Kunth Erythroxylum horridum Borhidi & Oviedo Erythroxylum hypericifolium Lam. Erythroxylum hypoleucum Plowman Erythroxylum impressum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum incrassatum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum itan Costa-Lima & E.C.O.Chagas Erythroxylum jaimei Jara Erythroxylum jamaicense Fawc. & Rendle Erythroxylum kanga Costa-Lima & E.C.O.Chagas Erythroxylum kapplerianum Peyr. Erythroxylum kassneri (Engl.) E.Phillips Erythroxylum kochummenii Ng Erythroxylum laetevirens O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum lanceolatum (Wight) Walp. Erythroxylum lanceum Bojer Erythroxylum lancifolium Peyr. Erythroxylum laurel Baill. Erythroxylum laurifolium Lam. Erythroxylum leal-costae Plowman Erythroxylum leandrianum Payens Erythroxylum lenticellosum Huber Erythroxylum leptoneurum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum ligustrinum DC. Erythroxylum lindemanii Plowman Erythroxylum lineolatum DC. Erythroxylum loefgrenii Diogo Erythroxylum lofgrenii Diogo Erythroxylum longifolium Cav. Erythroxylum longipes O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum longisetulosum Loiola & M.F.Sales Erythroxylum loretense Plowman Erythroxylum lygoides O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum macrocalyx Mart. Erythroxylum macrocarpum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum macrochaetum Miq. Erythroxylum macrophyllum Cav. Erythroxylum magnoliifolium A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum mamacoca C.Mart. Erythroxylum mamacova Mart. Erythroxylum mangorense H.Perrier Erythroxylum mannii Oliv. Erythroxylum maracasense Plowman Erythroxylum marginatum Lign. & Fig. Erythroxylum martii Peyr. Erythroxylum mattos-silvae Plowman Erythroxylum membranaceum Plowman Erythroxylum mexicanum Kunth Erythroxylum microphyllum A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum mikanii Peyr. Erythroxylum minutifolium Griseb. Erythroxylum mocquerysii A.DC. Erythroxylum mogotense Oviedo Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb. Erythroxylum moonii Hochr. Erythroxylum mucronatum Benth. Erythroxylum myrsinites Mart. Erythroxylum nelson-rosae Plowman Erythroxylum niquelandense M.J.Silva & Loiola Erythroxylum nitidulum Baker Erythroxylum nitidum Spreng. Erythroxylum niziae Loiola & L.S.Cordeiro Erythroxylum nobile O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum nordestinum Costa-Lima, Loiola & M.Alves Erythroxylum nossibeense Baill. 古柯 Erythroxylum novocaledonicum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum novogranatense (Morris) Hieron. Erythroxylum nummularia Peyr. Erythroxylum obovatum M.Gómez, 1890 Erythroxylum obtusifolium (Wight) Hook.fil. Erythroxylum occultum Plowman Erythroxylum ochranthum Mart. Erythroxylum opacum Rusby Erythroxylum oreophilum (O.E.Schulz ex Pilg.) Steyerm. & Maguire Erythroxylum orinocense Klotzsch Erythroxylum ovalifolium Peyr. Erythroxylum oxycarpum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum oxypetalum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum pachyneurum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum pacificum D.R.Simpson Erythroxylum panamense Turcz. Erythroxylum paraguariense (Chodat & Hassl.) O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum parishii (Hook.f.) Erythroxylum parvillei Baillon Erythroxylum parvistipulatum Peyr. Erythroxylum passerinum Mart. Erythroxylum patentissimum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum pauciflorum Rusby Erythroxylum pauferrense Plowman Erythroxylum pedicellare (Griseb.) O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum pelleterianum A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum perrotianum A.Chev. Erythroxylum pervillei Baill. Erythroxylum petrae-caballi Plowman Erythroxylum pictum E.Mey. Erythroxylum pictum E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond. Erythroxylum platyclados Bojer Erythroxylum platycladum Bojer Erythroxylum plowmanianum Cogollo & Pipoly Erythroxylum plowmanii Amaral Erythroxylum polygonoides Mart. Erythroxylum popayanense Kunth Erythroxylum pringlei Rose Erythroxylum pruinosum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum pulchrum A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum pungens O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum pyan Costa-Lima Erythroxylum pyrifolium Baker Erythroxylum raimondii O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum reticulatum Northr. Erythroxylum revolutum Mart. Erythroxylum rhodappendiculatum Costa-Lima Erythroxylum rignyanum Baill. Erythroxylum rimosum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum riparium T.Araújo & Amorim Erythroxylum riverae Jara & J.D.García-Gonz. Erythroxylum roigii Britton & P.Wilson Erythroxylum roraimae Klotzsch Erythroxylum roraimae Klotzsch ex O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum rosuliferum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum rotundifolium Lunan Erythroxylum rufum Cav. Erythroxylum ruizii Peyr. Erythroxylum ruryi Plowman Erythroxylum santosii Plowman Erythroxylum sarawakanum R.C.K.Chung Erythroxylum schliebenii O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum schomburgkii Peyr. Erythroxylum schunkei Plowman Erythroxylum sechellarum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum setosum Jara & F.Ávila Erythroxylum seyrigii H.Perrier Erythroxylum shatona J.F.Macbr. Erythroxylum sideroxyloides Lam. Erythroxylum simonis Plowman 东方古柯 Erythroxylum sinense Wu Erythroxylum sobraleanum Loiola & L.S.Cordeiro Erythroxylum socotranum Thulin Erythroxylum sphaeranthum H.Perrier Erythroxylum splendidum Plowman Erythroxylum spruceanum Peyr. Erythroxylum squamatum Sw. Erythroxylum stenopetalum Costa-Lima Erythroxylum steyermarkii Plowman Erythroxylum stipulosum Plowman Erythroxylum striiflorum H.Perrier Erythroxylum striolatum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum strobilaceum Peyr. Erythroxylum suberosum A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum subglaucescens Mart. ex Peyr. Erythroxylum subglaucescens Peyr. ex O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum subracemosum Turcz. Erythroxylum subrotundum A.St.-Hil. Erythroxylum substriatum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum surinamense Miq. Erythroxylum tapacuranum Costa-Lima Erythroxylum tenue Plowman Erythroxylum tianguanum Plowman Erythroxylum timothei Loiola & M.F.Sales Erythroxylum tortuosum Mart. Erythroxylum tucuruiense Plowman Erythroxylum ulei O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum umbrosum Costa-Lima & M.Alves Erythroxylum umbu Costa-Lima Erythroxylum undulatum Plowman Erythroxylum urbanii O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum vaccinifolium Mart. Erythroxylum vaginatum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum vasquezii Plowman Erythroxylum vernicosum O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum wallichii O.E.Schulz Erythroxylum williamsii Standl. ex Plowman Erythroxylum xerophilum H.Perrier Erythroxylum zambesiacum N.Robson 锡兰古柯 Erythroxylum zeylanicum O.E.Schulz 杂交种： Erythroxylum × peyritschii O.E.Schulz 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. [2012-04-02]. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.  Chun-Mei He, Xin-Xin Zhou, Xue-He Ye, Weijun Chen and Yi-Hua Tong. 2022. ﻿Erythroxylum austroguangdongense (Erythroxylaceae), A New Species from Guangdong, China. PhytoKeys. 202: 133-138. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.202.84688