納迪姆·安瓦爾·馬卡里姆

納迪姆·安瓦爾·馬卡里姆（阿拉伯语：نديم انور مكارم‎，羅馬化：nadim anur makarim1984年7月4日—）是印度尼西亞政治家及商人，現任印度尼西亞印度尼西亞教育、文化、研究和技術部長（印度尼西亚语：Daftar Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Indonesia）。 在進入政界前，他於2010年創立了goȷek（印度尼西亚语：Gojek），是印度尼西亞第一家市值超過100億美元的初創公司。 2019 年10月，他被總統佐科·維多多任命為教育和文化部長他的第二任內閣（英语：Onward Indonesia Cabinet），所以辭去Gojek職務。 1984年7月4日出生於新加坡，父母Nono Anwar Makarim和Atika Algadri是印度尼西亞人。父親是一名活動家、律師，有米南佳保-阿拉伯血統；母親是一名自由作家，Hamid Algadri（英语：Hamid Algadri）的女兒，印度尼西亞獨立的先驅之一，有阿拉伯-爪哇-馬杜拉的混血。 他有兩個姐妹，Hana Makarim和以電影製作人著稱的Rayya Makarim。 他與Franka Franklin結婚，有兩個女兒。 已隱藏部分未翻譯内容，歡迎參與翻譯。 Nadiem attended high school in Jakarta and United World College of Southeast Asia (UWC SEA), Singapore, and then went to Brown University for a BA in International Relations. He did his MBA at Harvard Business School. Nadiem started his career at McKinsey & Company as management consultant in Jakarta. He left to co-found Zalora, an online fashion shop, then left Zalora to become Chief Innovation Officer at Kartuku, a payment service provider. After graduating from Brown University in 2006, Nadiem decided to come back home to Indonesia and worked at McKinsey & Company. Nadiem worked as a McKinsey consultant for 3 years. Nadiem became co-founder and managing director for Zalora Indonesia in 2011. In 2012, Nadiem made the decision to leave Zalora to focus on building his own startup, including Gojek, which at that time had 15 employees and 450 drivers. He claims to have learned enough from Zalora, which was his main goal in accepting the position in the first place. In Zalora, Nadiem had the chance to build a mega startup and work with some of the best talents across the region. After leaving Zalora and while developing Gojek, Nadiem also worked as a chief innovation officer of Kartuku. In the early days, Kartuku didn't have any competition in cashless payment solutions in Indonesia. Kartuku was then acquired by Gojek to strengthen GoPay. In 2010 Nadiem created Gojek, which is today a decacorn company with a valuation of over US$10 billion. Gojek was first established as a call centre, offering only courier delivery and two-wheeled ride-hailing services. Today, Gojek has transformed into a super app, providing more than 20 services, ranging from transportation, food delivery, groceries, massage, house cleaning, logistics to a cashless digital payment platform called GoPay. Nadiem often uses a motorcycle taxi, known in Indonesia as an ojek. He saw this as a business opportunity and developed it into Gojek, which is founded in 2010. Gojek was well received, and eventually received US$1,3 billion funding from investors, in a 2018-round led by Alphabet Inc's Google, JD.com Inc and Tencent Holdings. It thereby became the first Indonesian unicorn. By 2019, the firm was worth up to US$10 billion On 21 October 2019, Gojek announced that Nadiem would leave the company to join president-elect Jokowi's Onward Indonesia Cabinet. His position as CEO was replaced by Gojek group president Andre Soelistyo and Gojek co-founder Kevin Aluwi as co-CEOs. On the second reshuffle of the cabinet, announced at 28 April 2021, he was appointed as the first holder of Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology. Under Nadiem's tenure as Minister of Education and Culture, a decree prohibiting Indonesian schools from enforcing rules mandating the wearing of religious attire was signed into effect on February 3, 2021. Schools were given 30 days to repeal any rules making the wearing of religious attire compulsory before they would face sanctions. Nadiem supported the ban, stating that whether a person should wear religious clothing is "an individual's right… it is not the school's decision." In 2016, Nadiem received The Straits Times Asian of the Year award and was the first Indonesian to receive the award since it was first established in 2012. In 2018, Nadiem made it to Bloomberg 50 annual list of innovators. Bloomberg wrote that there was no other technology platform (app) that changed the lives of Indonesian as fast and as integrated as Gojek. In May 2019, Nadiem was the youngest figure from Asia to receive the 24th Nikkei Asia Prize for economic and business innovation. Nadiem doubled the prize to Rp 860 million and donated the amount as education scholarship for Gojek drivers’ children. Gojek contributed Rp 55 trillion (US$3.85 Billion) towards the Indonesian economy, with the average income of GoRide and GoCar partners increasing by 45% and 42% after joining Gojek, and culinary SMEs transaction volume increasing 55% after becoming GoFood merchant. In 2017, Gojek made it to Fortune's Top 50 Companies That Changed The World, ranking 17th worldwide. In 2019 Gojek once again made it to Fortune's Top 50 Companies That Changed The World, and was the only Southeast Asian company to have been included twice in the list - this year leaping to number 11 out of 52 global companies. In November 2019, Nadiem was the only Indonesian to be included on 100 Next list for Leaders category by the Time magazine. Time's 100 Next list this year is to recognize the influence of rising stars who are shaping the future in their respective fields. With Melinda Gates and the Minister of Finance of Indonesia, Sri Mulyani, Nadiem served as one of the commissioners of Pathways for Prosperity （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） for Technology and Inclusive Development that focuses on helping developing countries to adapt with various new digital innovations that change the working culture. Artikel:"Nadiem Makarim, Juragan Ojek Profesional" di www.swa.co.id. [2022-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-19）.  Indonesian President Jokowi announces new Cabinet. The Straits Times. 23 October 2019 [23 October 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-01）.  In brief: Gojek is Southeast Asia's second 'decacorn' with estimated $10b valuation. [27 June 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06）.  Daftar Lengkap Menteri Kabinet Indonesia Maju Jokowi. nasional. [23 October 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06） （英语）.  Pham, Sherisse. Gojek CEO quits ride-hailing startup for Indonesian government job. CNN. October 21, 2019 [23 October 2019]. （原始内容存档于2023-07-31）.  Biography of Nadiem Makarim. [27 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06）.  In Memoriam: Hamid Algadri Perintis Kemerdekaan. [2017-04-27]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-11）.  Detikinet, Tim. Riwayat Nadiem Makarim dan Perjuangan Membesarkan Gojek. detikinet. 23 July 2019 [18 October 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06） （印度尼西亚语）.  Hutton, Jeffrey. The Taxi Wars of Jakarta. Harvard Business School - Alumni. 1 Sep 2016 [30 October 2019]. （原始内容存档于2020-07-12） （英语）.  Profil Nadiem Makarim. VIVA. 10 November 2016 [2022-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06）.  Tech in Asia Indonesia - Komunitas Online Startup di Asia. id.techinasia.com. [18 October 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06） （美国英语）.  Sungkar, Aulia R. Innovating ideas to revolutionize 'ojek'. The Jakarta Post. June 20, 2015 [2022-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06）.  Ayuwuragil, Kustin. Perkuat Gopay, Gojek Caplok Kartuku, Midtrans dan Mapan. teknologi. [18 October 2019]. （原始内容存档于2023-04-20）.  Salna, Karlis. Go-Jek Joins 'Decacorn' Ranks With $10 Billion Valuation. Bloomberg. [20 June 2020]. （原始内容存档于2019-04-29）.  Go-Jek founded from frustration. [27 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06）.  Face to watch in 2019: Nadiem Makarim, CEO of Gojek. [27 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06）.  Go-Jek raises US$1 billion in round led by Google, Tencent, JD. [27 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-27）.  Go-Jek begins services in Thailand, says Philippine launch to be 'pretty fast': CEO. [27 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-08）.  Singh, Manish. Gojek founder and CEO Nadiem Makarim resigns to join Indonesian cabinet; Soelistyo and Aluwi to be new co-CEOs. Techcrunch. October 21, 2019 [2022-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-19）.  Rizqo, Kanavino Ahmad. Ada Reshuffle, Ini Daftar Pejabat yang Dilantik Jokowi Hari Ini. detiknews. 2021-04-28 [2021-04-28]. （原始内容存档于2023-03-07） （id-ID）.  引文格式1维护：未识别语文类型 (link) Indonesia bans forced religious attire in schools. BBC News. 2021-02-05 [2021-05-28]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06）.  Go-Jek founder Nadiem Makarim receives Asian of the Year award. [28 March 2019]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-06）.  The Bloomberg 50. Bloomberg Businessweek. [2022-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-29）.  Termuda se-Asia, Nadiem Makarim Raih Penghargaan Nikkei Asia Prize - Katadata.co.id. katadata.co.id. 29 May 2019 [2022-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2019-10-18）.  Archived copy. [20 June 2020]. （原始内容存档于2 October 2020）.  Fortune’s Top 50 Companies That Changed The World 2019. [2022-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-14）.  GmbH, finanzen net. GO-JEK Makes it Into Fortune's Change The World List, The Only Company from Southeast Asia on the List | Markets Insider. markets.businessinsider.com. [2022-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-31）.  TIME 100 Next 2019: Nadiem Makarim. [2022-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-03）.  Keeton-Olsen, Danielle. Digitization Key To Boosting Developing Economies, Says Report From Melinda Gates, Go-Jek's Nadiem Makarim. Forbes. [2022-12-06]. （原始内容存档于2022-12-24）.