缅甸语

本页面有缅文字母，操作系统及浏览器須支持特殊字母与符号才能正確显示为缅文字母，否则可能變成乱码、问号、空格等其它符号。 缅甸语 ，简称缅语（緬甸語：မြန်မာဘာသာ，缅甸语委转写：Mranma bhasa，发音：[mjəmà bàθà]）属汉藏语系藏缅语族，以仰光音为标准。它是缅甸联邦的官方语言，在該國有大约3200万人使用，而且在孟加拉国、马来西亚、泰国、美国也有少量分布。 入聲獨立算的話，缅甸语一共有四个声调，分别是高平、高降、低平、高降喉塞。 缅甸文字的特征是它呈圆形，這是因為古時候的緬甸文是書寫在棕櫚葉上的，必須設計圓弧形的筆劃才能避免劃破葉面。字符的構成是以輔音字母與元音拼合後形成音節符號。 缅甸文在某种程度上代表古缅甸语，因此可以用缅甸文的罗马转写来推测古缅甸文的发音，从此也可以看出其与仰光话之间的巨大的区别。 緬甸文的拉丁字母轉寫方案（英语：Romanization of Burmese）主要有John Okell（英语：John Okell）制定的Okell拼音，緬甸語委會（英语：Myanmar Language Commission）制定的語委拼音等。 古缅甸语有三个声调，但其在12世纪的确切音值不清楚。仰光话按調值分保持了這三個聲調： 第一声：低平调334（在开音节中，用短元音符号表示，在闭音节中，在基本辅音之下加一个点） 第二声：高平调554（在音节后加双空心点符号） 第三声：高降调53（在开音节中，用长元音符号表示，在闭音节中，没有特殊的符号） 古缅甸文的塞音韵尾演变成喉塞音，可以算作第四个声调，但其調值和第三聲53一樣。 古缅甸文的鼻音韵尾演变成鼻化元音，調值可以是上面三個中的任何一個。 古緬甸語的陽聲韻的韻尾在現代仰光話中一律合并爲一個鼻音-ɴ，仰光話拉丁轉寫用-n表示。古緬甸語的入聲韻的韻尾在現代仰光話中一律合并爲一個喉塞音-ʔ，仰光話拉丁轉寫用-t表示。 Mikael Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), in Nationalencyklopedin Burmese于《民族语》的链接（第15版，2005年） Sagart et al. (2019)，第10319–10320頁. 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[2014-06-21]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-03）.  Myanmar Unicode and NLP Research Center Myanmar 3 font and keyboard （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Burmese online dictionary （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (Unicode) Ayar Myanmar online dictionary （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Myanmar unicode character table （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Download KaNaungConverter_Window_Build200508.zip from the Kanaung project page and Unzip （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Ka Naung Converter Engine （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）