中国军事史

中国有文献记载的军事史最早可以追溯至约公元前2200年左右，并一直延续至今。中国的军事史大致可以分为两个阶段，即1911年辛亥革命推翻君主专制时代之前的中国古代军事史，以及包括中华民国军事和中华人民共和国军事在内等中国现代军事史。 尽管中国传统的儒家思想大体上更倾向于主张和平的政治解决方案，并对野蛮的兵事和战乱加以鄙夷，但军事和军队本身在中国的历朝历代均有着不小的影响力。中国人率先使用弩、早期火药武器和其他先进武器，并先于世界将兵器与铠甲的冶金制造过程进行标准化，同时也多次引进和采用了游牧民族的骑兵战法和西方的军事技术。 此外，历代中国军队还受益于先进的后勤系统以及丰富的战法和策略传统，后者从《孙子兵法》的时代开始便深刻影响了中国的军事思想。 随着中国人民解放军及其前身自1927年国共内战爆发以来从最初的一支农民游击队武装逐渐发展成为世界上规模最为庞大的军事力量，中国的军事史在20世纪期间经历了巨大的转变。 中华民国的陆军武装成立于1924年，前身为国民革命军，是当时由孙中山领导的国民党下属的武装力量。曾参加过北伐战争、第二次中日战争以及第二次国共内战。该军队在中华民国行宪之后改组为了中华民国陆军至今，并于1949年随中华民国政府撤往台湾。1949年以后，中华民国陆军参加了金门群岛、大陈岛中发生的与解放军之间的作战行动，如古宁头战役、第一次和第二次台海危机等。除了这些重大冲突之外，国军的陆军突击队还定期袭击福建和广东沿海。直到20世纪70年代末，中华民国陆军的既定使命仍然是从中华人民共和国手中夺回中国大陆。随着1988年解除戒严以及90年代的民主化，中华民国陆军的使命已转变为保卫台湾本岛、澎湖列岛、金门以及马祖免遭解放军的入侵。 近年来，随着中华民国武装力量在规模上的缩减，陆军遭受到了最大程度的裁军，因为中华民国的军事条令开始强调与海军和空军进行近海交战的重要性。经过这次重点转变，中华民国海军和空军在国防理论和武器采购方面优先于中华民国陆军。 陆军近期的短期目标包括采购和开发联合指挥和控制系统、先进攻击直升机和装甲车、多管火箭炮和野战防空系统。陆军也正在向全志愿役部队过渡。 中国战争列表 H. G. 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