拉姆福德奖章

拉姆福德奖章 （英語：Rumford Medal）是一项由英国皇家学会授予的奖项，旨在奖励“对物质的热学或光学性质做出杰出新发现的欧洲科学家”。该奖由拉姆福德伯爵本杰明·汤普森于1796年捐赠5000美元而始创，于1800年首次颁奖，此后每两年颁发一次，奖金为1000英镑。 自成立以来，该奖已授予包括拉姆福德伯爵本人在内的101位科学家。在所有获奖人中，英国公民获奖53次，德国17次，法国14次，荷兰7次，瑞典4次，美国3次，意大利2次，澳大利亚、匈牙利，比利时，卢森堡和新西兰各1次。 General The Rumford Medal. [2018-02-10]. （原始内容存档于2015-03-16）.  Specific Oxford DNB article: Thompson, Sir Benjamin (subscription needed). Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-28）.  Malus biography. University of St Andrews. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Oxford DNB article: Wells, William Charles (subscription needed). Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Oxford DNB article:Davy, Sir Humphry. Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Oxford DNB article: Brewster, Sir David (subscription needed). Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Fresnel biography. University of St Andrews. [2009-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Oxford DNB article:Daniell, John Frederic. Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Amedeo Avogadro, a Scientific Biography. Springer. [2009-02-06].  Oxford DNB article:Forbes, James David (subscription needed). Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Biot biography. University of St Andrews. [2009-02-06]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Oxford DNB article: Talbot, William Henry Fox. Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-02-09]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Oxford DNB article: Faraday, Michael (subscription needed). Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Collection of the Month - Henri Victor Regnault. The Royal Society. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Royal Society: Simon, Sir Francis Eugene (1893-1956). Aim25. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Fellow of the month - Sir Frank Whittle. The Royal Society. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Frits Zernike - Biography. Nobel Prize Foundation. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Oxford DNB article:Burch, Cecil Reginald. Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Bowden, Frank Philip - Bright Sparcs entry. Bright Sparcs. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Oxford DNB article:Merton, Sir Thomas Ralph. Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2023-08-28）.  Oxford DNB article:Newitt, Dudley Maurice (subscription needed). Oxford University Press. 2004 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  PENNEY, William, Baron Penney of East Hendred (1909-1991). Aim25. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Dennis Gabor - Autobiography. The Nobel Foundation. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Papers and correspondence of Christopher Hinton, Baron Hinton of Bankside, 1901-1983. Archives Hub. Mimas. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-07-20）.  Sir John Mason. Institute of Physics. [2009-01-27].  [失效連結] Special Issue in commemoration of Lord George Porter. The Royal Society of Chemistry. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Sir Denis Rooke, OM - Telegraph. London: The Daily Telegraph. 2008-09-05 [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  80th Birthday Celebration for Professor Felix Weinberg, at the Chemical Engineering Department, Imperial College London, 23 April 2008. Combustion Institute ( 英国 Section). [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2 October 2011）.  Fitzgerald, Alexander. Walter Eric Spear - Obituary (PDF). Royal Society of Edinburgh. [2009-01-26]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-03-20）.  Professor Dixon awarded Rumford Medal. Bristol University. [2009-01-27]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Prof Grenville Turner FRS School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences. The University of Manchester. [2009-01-26]. （原始内容存档于2008-10-13）.  NCL Innovation Park. National Chemical Laboratory. [2009-01-26]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Professor Wilson Sibbett FRS, CBE. The Royal Society. [2009-01-26]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Annual Report :Awards, Prizes and Appointments. University of Cambridge. [2009-01-26]. （原始内容存档于2003-04-30）.  Bristol University - News from the University. Bristol University. [2009-01-26]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  Prof Hansen Meeting. University of Cambridge. [2009-01-26]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.  The Northern Echo: Prestigious awards for school's old boys. The Northern Echo. 4 November 2007 [2009-01-26]. （原始内容存档于2012-05-24）.