源頭

《源頭》（英文：The Fountainhead），又譯為《源泉》，是一本由美國哲學家和小說家艾茵·蘭德撰寫的哲学小说，最先在1943年出版。此書為蘭德的第一本主要的成功小說、也是她最暢銷的小說之一，她總共花了7年時間撰寫這本小說。小說曾被12家出版商拒絕，他們認為那太過智慧而違背當時美國思想的主流。最後小說終於被Bobbs-Merrill出版公司接受，发行于1943年，這主要是因為出版社編輯群中的一名成員Archibald Ogden大力推薦這本書（「如果這本書不適合你，那我也不是適合你的編輯。」），出版後，口碑很好，獲得空前的成功。《源頭》一書不只在美國、也在世界性獲得了勝利，帶給蘭德前所未有的名聲和財富。在出版後的第6年裡，這本小說已經賣出六百萬本，最後繼續保持每年賣出100,000本的紀錄。 兰德说过《源頭》主旨"不是指政治上，而是人类内心深处的个人主义对抗集体主义。" 除了场景如Roark就美国对天赋人权概念的法庭辩护外，她避免直接讨论政治议题。历史学家詹姆斯·贝克说："《源頭》很少提及政治或者经济，尽管事实上它所处的背景是1930年代。它也很少涉及世界事务，尽管它是在第二次世界大战时创作的。但它是关于一个人对抗一个体系，它没有强加其他杂事而论。 " Novels主题 客观主义 个人主义 自由意志主義 Cato Institute, "The Fountainhead". [2006-03-30]. （原始内容存档于2006-03-23）.  Rand 1997，第223頁 Baker 1987，第51頁 Cohen, Arianne. The Soda Fountainhead. New York. May 21, 2006 [2013-12-29]. （原始内容存档于2013-12-30）.  Baker, James T. Ayn Rand. Boston, Massachusetts: Twayne Publishers. 1987. ISBN 0-8057-7497-1. OCLC 14933003.  Branden, Barbara. The Passion of Ayn Rand. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company. 1986. ISBN 0-385-19171-5. OCLC 12614728.  Britting, Jeff. Ayn Rand. Overlook Illustrated Lives. New York: Overlook Duckworth. 2004. ISBN 1-58567-406-0. OCLC 56413971.  Burns, Jennifer. Goddess of the Market: Ayn Rand and the American Right. New York: Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-19-532487-7. OCLC 313665028.  Den Uyl, Douglas J. The Fountainhead: An American Novel. Twayne's Masterwork Studies. New York: Twayne Publishers. 1999. ISBN 0-8057-7932-9.  Gladstein, Mimi Reisel. The New Ayn Rand Companion. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. 1999. ISBN 0-313-30321-5. OCLC 40359365.  Gladstein, Mimi Reisel. Ayn Rand. Major Conservative and Libertarian Thinkers series. New York: Continuum. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8264-4513-1. OCLC 319595162.  Gladstein, Mimi Reisel & Sciabarra, Chris Matthew (编). Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand. Re-reading the Canon. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press. 1999. ISBN 0-271-01830-5.  Gotthelf, Allan. On Ayn Rand. Wadsworth Philosophers Series. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing. 2000. ISBN 0-534-57625-7. OCLC 43668181.  Heller, Anne C. Ayn Rand and the World She Made. New York: Doubleday. 2009. ISBN 978-0-385-51399-9. OCLC 229027437.  Hicks, Stephen R.C. Egoism in Nietzsche and Rand. The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies. Spring 2009, 10 (2): 249–291.  Johnson, Donald Leslie. The Fountainheads: Wright, Rand, the FBI and Hollywood. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. 2005. ISBN 0-7864-1958-X.  Mayhew, Robert (编). Essays on Ayn Rand's The Fountainhead. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books. 2006. ISBN 0-7391-1577-4. OCLC 70707828.  McConnell, Scott. 100 Voices: An Oral History of Ayn Rand. New York: New American Library. 2010. ISBN 978-0-451-23130-7. OCLC 555642813.  Merrill, Ronald E. The Ideas of Ayn Rand. La Salle, Illinois: Open Court Publishing. 1991. ISBN 0-8126-9157-1. OCLC 23254190.  Pruette, Lorine. Battle Against Evil. The New York Times. May 16, 1943: BR7 [2013-12-29]. （原始内容存档于2011-05-11）.  Reprinted in McGrath, Charles (编). Books of the Century. New York: Times Books. 1998: 135–136. ISBN 0-8129-2965-9.  Rand, Ayn. Berliner, Michael S , 编. Letters of Ayn Rand. New York: Dutton. 1995. ISBN 0-525-93946-6. OCLC 31412028.  Rand, Ayn. Harriman, David , 编. Journals of Ayn Rand. New York: Dutton. 1997. ISBN 0-525-94370-6. OCLC 36566117.  Rand, Ayn. Mayhew, Robert , 编. Ayn Rand Answers, the Best of Her Q&A. New York: New American Library. 2005. ISBN 0-451-21665-2. OCLC 59148253.  Sciabarra, Chris Matthew. Ayn Rand: The Russian Radical. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press. 1995. ISBN 0-271-01440-7. OCLC 31133644.  Sciabarra, Chris Matthew. The Illustrated Rand (PDF). The Journal of Ayn Rand Studies. Fall 2004, 6 (1): 1–20 [2013-12-29]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2012-10-12）.  Thomas, William (编). The Literary Art of Ayn Rand. Poughkeepsie, New York: The Objectivist Center. 2005. ISBN 1-57724-070-7.  McGann, Kevin. Ayn Rand in the Stockyard of the Spirit. Peary, Gerald & Shatzkin, Roger (eds) (编). The Modern American Novel and the Movies. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing. 1978. ISBN 0-8044-2682-1.  Cox, Stephen. The Literary Achievement of The Fountainhead. Thomas, William (编). The Literary Art of Ayn Rand. Poughkeepsie, New York: The Objectivist Center. 2005 [2013-12-29]. ISBN 1-57724-070-7. （原始内容存档于2013-12-30）.  捷克语: Zdroj, published by Berlet, 2000. 维基语录上的源頭语录 "Ayn Rand Novels: The Fountainhead (1943)" (Ayn Rand Institute) "Howard Roark from The Fountainhead" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） by Chris Matthew Sciabarra (The Atlas Society) Annual The Fountainhead essay contest （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (Ayn Rand Institute)