釤的同位素

釤（原子量：150.36(2)）在自然界中存在5种稳定同位素（144Sm、149Sm、150Sm、152Sm、154Sm）和2种长寿命放射性同位素（半衰期1.06×1011年的147Sm和半衰期7×1015年的148Sm），其中152Sm的丰度最高，达26.74%。146Sm的半衰期也很长，但不足以在今天大量存在，现为绝种核素（英语：extinct radionuclide）。它可用于太阳系的测年。2012年一篇把146Sm的半衰期从10.3(5)×107年更新到6.8(7)×107年的论文已于2023年撤稿。它是不确定是不是原生核素（英语：primordial nuclide）的核素中半衰期最长的。 除了以上8种同位素以外，钐最长寿的放射性同位素是半衰期94.6年的151Sm以及半衰期340天的145Sm。剩下的同位素原子量介于129至168，半衰期都短于两天。 畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，僅為理論推測。 用括號括起來的數據代表不確定性。 半衰期超过5亿年的同位素以粗體表示。 穩定的衰變產物以粗體表示。 半衰期超过5亿年的衰变产物以粗斜体表示。 Believed to undergo β+β+ decay to 144Nd Primordial radioisotope Fission product Used in Samarium-neodymium dating Neutron poison in reactors Believed to undergo α decay to 145Nd with a half-life over 2×1015 years Believed to undergo α decay to 146Nd Believed to undergo α decay to 148Nd Believed to undergo β−β− decay to 154Gd with a half-life over 2.3×1018 years Chiera, Nadine M.; Sprung, Peter; Amelin, Yuri; Dressler, Rugard; Schumann, Dorothea; Talip, Zeynep. The 146Sm half-life re-measured: consolidating the chronometer for events in the early Solar System. Scientific Reports. 2024-08-01, 14 (1). doi:10.1038/s41598-024-64104-6.  Meija, Juris; et al. Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2016, 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.  Samir Maji; et al. Separation of samarium and neodymium: a prerequisite for getting signals from nuclear synthesis. Analyst. 2006, 131 (12): 1332–1334. Bibcode:2006Ana...131.1332M. PMID 17124541. doi:10.1039/b608157f.  Kinoshita, N.; Paul, M.; Kashiv, Y.; Collon, P.; Deibel, C. M.; DiGiovine, B.; Greene, J. P.; Henderson, D. J.; Jiang, C. L.; Marley, S. T.; Nakanishi, T.; Pardo, R. C.; Rehm, K. E.; Robertson, D.; Scott, R.; Schmitt, C.; Tang, X. D.; Vondrasek, R.; Yokoyama, A. A Shorter 146Sm Half-Life Measured and Implications for 146Sm-142Nd Chronology in the Solar System. Science. 30 March 2012, 335 (6076): 1614–1617. Bibcode:2012Sci...335.1614K. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 22461609. S2CID 206538240. arXiv:1109.4805 . doi:10.1126/science.1215510 （英语）. （已撤稿，见doi:10.1126/science.adh7739) Kinoshita, N.; Paul, M.; Kashiv, Y.; Collon, P.; Deibel, C. M.; DiGiovine, B.; Greene, J. P.; Jiang, C. L.; Marley, S. T.; Pardo, R. C.; Rehm, K. E.; Robertson, D.; Scott, R.; Schmitt, C.; Tang, X. D.; Vondrasek, R.; Yokoyama, A. Retraction. Science. 30 March 2023, 379 (6639): 1307. Bibcode:2023Sci...379.1307K. PMID 36996231. S2CID 236990856. doi:10.1126/science.adh7739 .  Joelving, Frederik. One small error for a physicist, one giant blunder for planetary science. Retraction Watch. 30 March 2023 [30 March 2023]. （原始内容存档于2023-06-28）.  He, M.; Shen, H.; Shi, G.; Yin, X.; Tian, W.; Jiang, S. Half-life of 151Sm remeasured. Physical Review C. 2009, 80 (6): 064305. Bibcode:2009PhRvC..80f4305H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.80.064305.  存档副本. [2015-09-20]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.  Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003). Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page. Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003). National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005). David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.