绿锈 (化合物)

绿锈（英语：Green rust）是一类含铁(II)、铁(III)混合价态氢氧化物的绿色晶体的总称。这类晶体中，除了Fe2+、Fe3+和OH−外，还有可能有CO2− 3、Cl− 或SO2− 4等阴离子在其層狀雙氫氧化合物结构中，研究最多的物种有： 绿锈碳酸盐 - GR(CO2− 3)：[Fe2+ 4Fe3+ 2(HO− )12]2+ · [CO2− 3·2H 2O]2−. 绿锈盐酸盐 - GR(Cl− )：[Fe2+ 3Fe3+ (HO− )8]+ · [Cl− ·nH 2O]−. 绿锈硫酸盐 - GR(SO2− 4)：[Fe2+ 4Fe3+ 2(HO− )12]2+ · [SO2− 4·2H 2O]2−. 其它文献中还有这些阴离子的报道：Br− 、F− 、I− 、NO− 3和SeO2− 4。 绿锈最初在铁或钢的表面被发现。它在自然界中也能以该矿物的形式存在。 绿锈可由含Fe(II)的溶液在SO42-、CO32-或Cl-等离子的存在下，用氧化剂（如空气、过氧化氢等）氧化，再用NaOH沉淀得到。 绿锈可用于一些有机物的降解。 J.-M. R. Génin, Ph. Refait, L. Simon, and S. H. Drissi (1998): "Preparation and Eh-pH diagrams of Fe(II)-Fe(III) green rust compounds; hyperfine interaction characteristics and stoichiometry of hydroxy-chloride, -sulphate and –carbonate". Hyperfine Interactions, volume 111, pages 313-318. doi:10.1023/A:1012638724990 P. P. Stampfl (1969): "Ein basisches Eisen II-III Karbonat in Rost. Corrosion Science 9, pages 185-187. Hans C. B. Hansen (1989): "Composition, stabilization, and light absorption of Fe(II)Fe(III) hydroxy-carbonate ('green rust')". Clay Minerals, volume 24, pages 663-669. doi:10.1180/claymin.1989.024.4.08 M. Abdelmoula, Ph. Refait, S. H. Drissi, J. P. Mihe, and J.-M. R. Génin (1996): "Conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies of the formation of carbonate-containing green rust one by corrosion of metallic iron in NaHCO3 and (NaHCO3 + NaCl) solutions". Corrosion Science, volume 38, pages 623-633. doi:10.1016/0010-938X(95)00153-B M. Abdelmoula, F. Trolard, G. Bourrié and J.-M. R. Génin (1998): "Evidence of the Fe(II)–Fe(III) green rust `fougerite' mineral occurrence in a hydromorphic soil and its transformation with depth". Hyperfine Interactions, volume 111, pages 231-238. doi:10.1023/A:1010802508927 W. Feitknecht and G. Keller (1950): "Über die dunkelgrünen Hydroxyverbindungen des Eisens". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie, volume 262, pages 61-68. doi: 10.1002/zaac.19502620110 J. D. Bernal, D. R. Dasgupta, and A. L. Mackay (1959): "The oxides and hydroxides of iron and their structural inter-relationships". Clay Minerals Bulletin, volume 4, pages 15-30. doi:10.1180/claymin.1959.004.21.02 J.-M. R. Génin, A. A. Olowe, B. Resiak, N. D. Benbouzid-Rollet, M. Confente and D. Prieur (1993): "Identification of sulphated green rust 2 compound produced as a result of microbially induced corrosion of steel sheet piles in harbour". In Marine Corrosion of Stainless Steels: Chlorination and Microbial Effects, European Federation Corrosion Series, The Institute of Materials, London; volume 10, pages 162-166. L. Vins, J. Subrt, V. Zapletal, and F. Hanousek (1987): "Preparation and properties of green rust type substances". Collect. Czech. Chem. Comm. volume 52, pages 93-102. J. R. Gancedo, M. L. Martinez, and J. M. Oton (1983): "Formación de 'herrumbre verde' en soluciones de NH4NO3" (= "Formation of green rust in NH4NO3 solutions"). Anales de Química, Série A, volume 79, pages 470-472. P Refait, L Simon, J-M R Génin. Reduction of SeO42- Anions and Anoxic Formation of Iron(II)−Iron(III) Hydroxy-Selenate Green Rust. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2000, 34 (5), pp 819–825 DOI: 10.1021/es990376g 陈英, 吴德礼, 张亚雷 等. 绿锈的结构特征与反应活性 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）[J]. 化工学报, 2014 徐楠楠，阮秀秀. 有机绿锈对水体有机污染物的降解去除. 全国环境化学学术大会, 2013