布莱克本飞机有限公司

布莱克本飞机有限公司是一家英国飞机航空工业制造商，在20世纪上半叶主要生产海军飞机与水上飞机。 罗伯特·布莱克本（英语：Robert Blackburn (aviation pioneer)）1908年在利兹创办公司开始制造飞机。1914年公司的奥林匹亚工厂在朗德海（英语：Roundhay）开办。 1914年布莱克本飞机与发动机公司开办。 1916年在东约克郡布拉夫创办新工厂。 罗伯特的兄弟诺曼·布莱克本（英语：Norman Blackburn (aviation pioneer)）成为董事总经理。1937年并购了Cirrus-Hermes（英语：Cirrus Engine），布莱克本公司由此开始生产飞机发动机，即Blackburn Cirrus（英语：Blackburn Cirrus）系列。 1949年合并了英国通用飞机有限公司（英语：General Aircraft Ltd），改名为“布莱克本与通用飞机有限公司”。1958年又改回布莱克本飞机有限公司。 1960年与1961年，布莱克本公司的飞机制造与发动机制造分别并入了霍克·西德利（英语：Hawker Siddeley）与布里斯托·西德利发动机有限公司。布莱克本的名字在1963年彻底废弃。 Blackburn First Monoplane (1909) – Single-engine, single-seat high-wing monoplane aircraft Blackburn Second Monoplane (1911) – Single-engine midwing monoplane aircraft. Blackburn Mercury (1911) – Single-engine, two-seat midwing monoplane training aircraft Blackburn Type B (1912) – Single-engine, two-seat midwing monoplane training aircraft. A development of the Blackburn Mercury Blackburn Type D (1912) – Single-engine single-seat mid-winged monoplane. Preserved in flying condition by the Shuttleworth Collection at Old Warden, and survives as the oldest British-built aircraft. Blackburn Type E (1912) – Single-engine, midwing metal-framed monoplanes, one single-seater one twin. Blackburn Type I (1913) – Single-engine 1/2-seat mid-wing monoplane built both as land- and seaplane. Blackburn Type L (1914) – Single-engine two-seat biplane seaplane. AD Scout (1915) – Admiralty designed single-engine, single-seat pusher anti-Zeppelin aircraft. Two each built by Blackburn and by Hewlett & Blondeau. Blackburn Twin Blackburn (1915) – Twin-fuselage, two-engine, two-seat anti-Zeppelin seaplane. Blackburn General Purpose (1916) – Twin-engine three-seat seaplane biplane anti-submarine patrol bomber. Blackburn Triplane (1916) – Blackburn-designed triplane version of Scout Blackburn White Falcon (1916) – Single-engine two-seat mid-wing monoplane. Blackburn R.T.1 Kangaroo (1918) – Twin-engine, three-seat biplane reconnaissance/torpedo bomber Blackburn N.1B (1918) – Single-engine single-seat biplane flying boat escort bomber (started; not finished; never flew). Blackburn Blackburd (1918) – Single-engine, single-seat biplane torpedo bomber Blackburn Sidecar (1919) Single-engine two-seat mid wing monoplane ultra light: may not have flown. Blackburn T.1 Swift (1920) – Single-engine, single-seat floatplane torpedo bomber Blackburn T.2 Dart (1921) – Single-engine, single-seat biplane torpedo bomber Alula D.H.6 (1921) – Experimental aircraft to test the Alula wing using an Airco DH.6 fuselage. Alula Semiquaver (1921) – Single-engine Alula wing conversion of the Martinsyde Semiquaver. Blackburn R.1 Blackburn (1922) – Single-engine, three-seat biplane naval spotter/reconnaissance aircraft. Blackburn Pellet (1923) – Single-engine single-seat biplane Schneider racer. Blackburn Bluebird (1924) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane training/touring aircraft Blackburn T.4 Cubaroo (1924) – Single-engine, four-seat large biplane torpedo bomber. Blackburn T.3 Velos (1925) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane bomber floatplane Blackburn R.2 Airedale (1925) – Single-engine three-seat high-wing monoplane reconnaissance. Blackburn T.5 Ripon (1926) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane reconnaissance/torpedo bomber Blackburn Sprat (1926) single-engine two-seat biplane advanced trainer. Blackburn R.B.1 Iris (1926) – Three-engine, five-seat biplane flying boat Blackburn F.1 Turcock (1928) – Single-engine fighter aircraft. Blackburn F.2 Lincock (1928) – Single-engine, single-seat biplane fighter. Blackburn Beagle (1928) – Single-engine two-seat two-seat biplane bomber. Blackburn Bluebird IV (1929) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane training/touring aircraft. Blackburn 2F.1 Nautilus (1929) – Single-engine two-seat engine biplane fighter Blackburn T.7B (1929) – Single-engine three-seat biplane bomber/reconnaissance for Japanese Navy. Blackburn R.B.2 Sydney (1930) – Three-engine, four-seat parasol-wing long-range flying boat. Blackburn C.B.2 Nile (1930) – Three-engine, two-seat parasol-wing cargo transport, a variant of the Sydney. Blackburn B-1 Segrave (1930) – Twin-engine, four-seat low-wing monoplane touring aircraft Blackburn C.A.15C (1932) – Twin-engine ten passenger high-wing monoplane/ biplane airliner. Blackburn T.8 Baffin (1932) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane torpedo bomber. Blackburn B-2 (1932) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane training aircraft. Blackburn B-3 M.1/30 (1932) – Single-engine, two-seat biplane naval torpedo bomber. Blackburn B-5 Baffin (1932) Blackburn R.B.3 Perth (1933) – Three-engine, five-seat biplane flying boat. Blackburn T.9 Shark (1933) – single-engine, three-seat carrier-based biplane torpedo bomber; see also the prototype named Blackburn B-6 Shark (1933) Blackburn F.3 (1934) – Single-engine single-seat biplane fighter: built, never flew Blackburn B-7 (1934) – General-purpose biplane. Blackburn B-9 (H.S.T. 10) (1936) – Twin-engine twelve-passenger low-wing monoplane airliner: built, never flew Blackburn B-24 Skua (1937) – Single-engine, two-seat low-wing monoplane naval fighter/dive bomber Blackburn B-25 Roc (1938) – Single-engine, two-seat low-wing monoplane naval fighter/dive bomber with rear turret (built by Boulton Paul Aircraft) Blackburn B-26 Botha (1938) – Twin-engine, four-seat high-wing monoplane reconnaissance/torpedo bomber & crew trainer Blackburn B-29: Submission for a naval torpedo-bomber reconnaissance aircraft to Specification S.24/37 (which resulted in the Fairey Barracuda); mock-up only, never flew. Blackburn B-20 (1940) – Twin-engine, six-seat experimental monoplane retractable-hull flying boat. Blackburn B-37 Firebrand F Mk.I (1942) – Single-engine, single-seat propeller naval fighter Blackburn B.44 (1942) – Single-engine flying-boat fighter Blackburn B-45 Firebrand TF Mk.II (1943) – Single-engine, single-seat propeller naval strike fighter. Blackburn B-46 Firebrand TF Mk.IV (1945) – Single-engine, single-seat propeller naval strike fighter. Blackburn B-48 Firecrest (Y.A.1) (1947) – Single-engine, single-seat propeller naval strike fighter. Blackburn B-50 (1945) – Design proposal for a single engine Nene powered Fleet Air Arm strike fighter. Not built. Blackburn B-52 – Design proposal for a single-engined advanced trainer to meet Specification T.7/45. Not built. Blackburn B-67 (1947) – Design proposal for a naval fighter to specification N40/46. Not built. Blackburn B-68 (1946) – Design proposal for a naval fighter. Not built. Blackburn B-71 (1947) – Design proposal for a flexible deck landing version of B.67. Not built. Blackburn B-74 (1947) – Design proposal for a naval fighter. Not built. Blackburn B-54 (Y.A.5, Y.A.7, Y.A.8) (1949) – single-piston-engine, two-seat contra-rotating propeller naval anti-submarine aircraft. Blackburn B-82 (1949) – Design proposal for a naval fighter to specification N.14/49. Blackburn B-88 (Y.B.1) (1950) – single-turboprop-engine, two-seat contra-rotating propeller naval anti-submarine aircraft Blackburn B-89 (1951) – Submission for a naval fighter to specification N.114T. Blackburn B-90 (1951) – Design proposal for an experimental swing wing aircraft to ER.110T. Not built. Blackburn B-94 (1951) – Design proposal for a flexible deck landing version of B.90. Not built. Handley Page HP.88 (Blackburn Y.B.2) (1951) – Experimental aircraft for Handley Page using a Supermarine-built fuselage. Blackburn B-95 (1952) – Design proposal for a revised version of B.89. Blackburn B-97 (1952) – Design proposal for a rocket powered fighter to specification F.124T. Not built. Blackburn B-99 (1952) – Development of N.97. Not built. Blackburn B-101 Beverley (1950) – four-engine, high-wing, propellers, transport airplane (designed by General Aircraft) Blackburn B-102 (1952) – Design proposal for a mixed powerplant fighter based on B.89 and B.95. Not built. Blackburn B-103 Buccaneer (Y.B.3) (1958) – twin-engine, two-seat jet naval strike aircraft to specification NA.39 Blackburn B-109 (1958) – Design proposal for a Mach 1.5 strike fighter version of the Buccaneer for the Canadian Air Force. Not built. Blackburn B-112 (1958) – Design proposal for a Mach 1.5 fighter version of the Buccaneer for the Royal Navy. Not built. Blackburn B-117 (1960) – Design proposal for a high attitude fighter version of the Buccaneer. Not built. Blackburn B-120 (1962) – Design proposal for a Mach 1.8 fighter version of the Buccaneer. Not built. Blackburn Cirrus Major (1936) Blackburn Cirrus Minor (1937) Blackburn Cirrus Midget (1937) Blackburn Cirrus Bombardier (c. 1954) Blackburn-Turbomeca Artouste (1947) Blackburn-Turbomeca Palas (1950) Blackburn-Turbomeca Palouste (1952) Blackburn-Turbomeca A.129 (later known as the Bristol Siddeley Nimbus, then Rolls-Royce Nimbus) (1958) 英国航宇工业（英语：Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom） Roundhay Ward Neighbourhood Design Statement. leeds.gov.uk: 9. October 2010 [20 November 2017]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-31）.  Fraser, Derek. VI: Industrial Development, 1780–1914. The History of Modern Leeds. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 1980: 164. ISBN 0-7190-0781-X.  Unsung hero who reached for the sky gets another chance to fly high again. The Yorkshire Post. 18 July 2013 [20 November 2017]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-27）.  Mistry, Pritti. End of an era for Brough workers. BBC News. 1 March 2012 [20 November 2017]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-27）.  Bridgman 1943，第10d頁. Sherry, Alan M. The Blackburn, Dumbarton's Aircraft Factory. Catrine, Ayrshire: Stenlake Publishing. 1996: 9–10. ISBN 9781872074825.  Halpenny 1982，第33頁. Historic bi-plane in flying visit. BBC News. 18 September 2015 [20 November 2017]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-28）.  Blackburn, Robert. Obituary: Jessica Blackburn. The Independent. 22 May 1995 [20 November 2017]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-27）.  Mason, Francis K. The British Bomber Since 1914. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books. 1994: 28. ISBN 0-85177-861-5.  Gunston, Bill. World encyclopedia of aircraft manufacturers : from the pioneers to the present day 2. Stroud: Sutton. 2005: 61. ISBN 0-7509-3981-8.  Halpenny 1982，第32頁. Halpenny 1982，第32–33頁. Bridgman 1943，第12c頁. Abraham 2002，第109頁. Buttler, page 301. Buttler, page 302. Buttler, page 303. Abraham, Barry. Post-War Yorkshire Airfields. Stroud: Tempus. 2002. ISBN 0-7524-2390-8.  Bridgman, Leonard. Jane's all the world's aircraft, 1942. New York: Sampson, Low, Marston & Co. 1943. OCLC 26177288.  Buttler, Tony. British Secret Projects : Jet Fighters since 1950 ( 2nd edition) (Hardback). Manchester: Crecy Publishing. 2017. ISBN 978-1-910-80905-1.  Halpenny, Bruce Barrymore. Action Stations 4; Military Airfields of Yorkshire. Cambridge: Patrick Stephens Ltd. 1982. ISBN 0-85059-532-0.  Otter, Patrick. Yorkshire Airfields in the Second World War 4. Newbury: Countryside Books. 2003. ISBN 1-85306-542-0.  The history of Blackburn Aircraft Ltd. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 有关布莱克本飞机有限公司在德国经济学中央图书馆（ZBW）20世纪新闻档案（英语：20th Century Press Archives）中的Documents and clippings。