穀米螺科

穀米螺科（学名：Marginellidae）是新腹足目下一个腹足纲软体动物的科。其物種體型細小，在新腹足目物種當中甚至是最細小的一類；不過色彩卻很豐富。除兩個淡水物種以後，其餘皆為海洋物種。 長久以來，本科物種的分類都在混亂狀態：不少流行出版物依然把本科所有物種全歸類到穀米螺屬去，因為牠們從其螺殼來看，至少表面來看很相似。 分類上的混亂源於這樣一個事實：早期的分類相當粗略地基於螺殼的特徵。儘管該組中確實存在許多可用來分辨不同物種的良好螺殼特徵，但這些特徵通常被誤解或不被認為是重要的。活體動物齒舌和外部解剖結構上確實存在的此類資訊廣泛散佈在科學文獻中，而內部解剖學描述直到最近才出現。 2019年，一項對於穀米螺科及Cystiscidae科物種（即俗稱的「類穀米螺物種」，marginelliform）的分子生物學研究為本科物種間的關係重新建立系統發生樹；這項由Fedosov A.E., Caballer Gutierrez M., Buge B., Sorokin P.V., Puillandre N., Bouchet P.共同進行的研究還確立了穀米螺科跟涡螺科（Volutidae）、Cystiscidae（英语：Cystiscidae）（舊屬吸螺目）及Marginellonidae（英语：Marginellonidae）的關係較為密切，應合組成為涡螺总科（Volutoidea）。在較舊的分類，本科被歸入到骨螺總科。 The shell of Marginellidae is usually small, but varies in different species from minute to medium-sized. The external color of the shell can be white, cream, yellow, orange, red, or brown, and can be uniformly colored, or patterned in various ways. The protoconch（英语：protoconch） is paucispiral. The lip of the shell is thickened, and can be smooth or denticulate. An external varix may be present or absent, a siphonal notch may be present or absent. The columella may have 2-6 plications. The 螺厣 is absent in this family. Janaginella T. Cossignani & Lorenz, 2021 Subfamily Austroginellinae（英语：Austroginellinae） G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995 Alaginella（英语：Alaginella） Laseron（英语：Charles Francis Laseron）, 1957 Austroginella（英语：Austroginella） Laseron（英语：Charles Francis Laseron）, 1957 † Conuginella Laseron, 1957 Hydroginella（英语：Hydroginella） Laseron（英语：Charles Francis Laseron）, 1957 Marigordiella（英语：Marigordiella） Espinosa & Ortea, 2010 Mesoginella（英语：Mesoginella） Laseron（英语：Charles Francis Laseron）, 1957 † Mioginella Laseron, 1957 Ovaginella（英语：Ovaginella） Laseron（英语：Charles Francis Laseron）, 1957 Protoginella（英语：Protoginella） Laseron（英语：Charles Francis Laseron）, 1957 Serrata（英语：Serrata (gastropod)） Jousseaume（英语：Félix Pierre Jousseaume）, 1875 † Stromboginella Laseron, 1957 穀米螺亞科 Marginellinae（英语：Marginellinae） Fleming（英语：John Fleming (naturalist)）, 1828 Africosta S. G. Veldsman, 2022 Dentimargo（英语：Dentimargo） Cossmann（英语：Maurice Cossmann）, 1899 Eratoidea（英语：Eratoidea） Weinkauff（英语：Heinrich Conrad Weinkauff）, 1879 † Euryentome Cossmann, 1899 Gibbacousteau（英语：Gibbacousteau） Espinosa & Ortea, 2013 糙米螺屬 Glabella Swainson（英语：William John Swainson）, 1840 谷米螺属 Marginella Lamarck, 1799 † Myobarbum Sohl, 1963 Nudifaba Eames, 1952 Simplicoglabella Sacco, 1890 †Stazzania（英语：Stazzania） Sacco, 1890 Volvarina（英语：Volvarina） Hinds, 1844 Subfamily Pruninae（英语：Pruninae） G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995 Balanetta（英语：Balanetta） Jousseaume（英语：Félix Pierre Jousseaume）, 1875 Bullata（英语：Bullata） Jousseaume（英语：Félix Pierre Jousseaume）, 1875 Closia（英语：Closia） Gray, 1857 Cryptospira（英语：Cryptospira） Hinds（英语：Richard Brinsley Hinds）, 1844 Hyalina（英语：Hyalina） Schumacher（英语：Heinrich Christian Friedrich Schumacher）, 1817 Mirpurina（英语：Mirpurina） Ortea, Moro & Espinosa, 2019 Prunum（英语：Prunum） Herrmannsen, 1852 Rivomarginella（英语：Rivomarginella） Brandt, 1968 亞科地位未定 Demissa（英语：Demissa） Boyer, 2016 Granulininae G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995: synonym of Granulinidae（英语：Granulinidae） G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995 (original rank) Marginelloninae Coan, 1965: synonym of Marginellonidae（英语：Marginellonidae） Coan, 1965 (original rank) Carinaginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Alaginella（英语：Alaginella） Laseron, 1957 Cassoginella Laseron, 1957 †: synonym of Alaginella（英语：Alaginella） Laseron, 1957 Deviginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Mesoginella（英语：Mesoginella） Laseron, 1957 Haloginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Serrata（英语：Serrata (gastropod)） Jousseaume, 1875 Neptoginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Hydroginella（英语：Hydroginella） Laseron, 1957 Pillarginella Gabriel, 1962: synonym of Hydroginella（英语：Hydroginella） Laseron, 1957 Plicaginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Austroginella（英语：Austroginella） Laseron, 1957 Serrataginella G. A. Coovert & H. K. Coovert, 1995: synonym of Serrata（英语：Serrata (gastropod)） Jousseaume, 1875 Sinuginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Mesoginella（英语：Mesoginella） Laseron, 1957 Spiroginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Mesoginella（英语：Mesoginella） Laseron, 1957 Triginella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Alaginella（英语：Alaginella） Laseron, 1957 Cucumis "Klein": synonym of 谷米螺属 Lamarck, 1799 (unavailable name) Faba P. Fischer, 1883: synonym of 印堂穴 Swainson, 1840 (objective synonym of Glabella) Longinella Laseron, 1957: synonym of Dentimargo（英语：Dentimargo） Cossmann, 1899 (preoccupied by Longinella Gros & Lestage, 1927 [Ephemeroptera]) Marginellarius Duméril, 1805: synonym of 谷米螺属 Lamarck, 1799 Marginellus Montfort, 1810: synonym of 谷米螺属 Lamarck, 1799 (unjustified emendation of Marginella) Porcellana Gray, 1847: synonym of 谷米螺属 Lamarck, 1799 (invalid: junior homonym of Porcellana Lamarck, 1801 [Crustacea]) Pseudomarginella Maltzan, 1880: synonym of 谷米螺属 Lamarck, 1799 Volvarinella Habe, 1951: synonym of Dentimargo（英语：Dentimargo） Cossmann, 1899 Egouana: synonym of Egouena Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Prunum（英语：Prunum） Herrmannsen, 1852 (invalid: incorrect alternative original spelling) Egouena Jousseaume, 1875: synonym of Prunum（英语：Prunum） Herrmannsen, 1852 Gibberulina Monterosato, 1884: synonym of Bullata（英语：Bullata） Jousseaume, 1875 Leptegouana Woodring, 1928: synonym of Prunum（英语：Prunum） Herrmannsen, 1852 Porcellanella Conrad, 1863 †: synonym of Prunum（英语：Prunum） Herrmannsen, 1852 ( invalid: junior homonym of Porcellanella White, 1852 [Crustacea].) Volutella Swainson, 1831: synonym of Bullata（英语：Bullata） Jousseaume, 1875 (invalid: junior homonym of Volutella Perry, 1810 [Vasidae]) Strong, E. E.; Gargominy, O.; Ponder, W. F.; Bouchet, P. Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater. Hydrobiologia（英语：Hydrobiologia）. 2008, 595: 149–166. doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6. hdl:10088/7390 （英语）.  Fedosov, Alexander E.; Caballer Gutierrez, Manuel; Buge, Barbara; Sorokin, Pavel V.; Puillandre, Nicolas; Bouchet, Philippe. Mapping the missing branch on the neogastropod tree of life: Molecular phylogeny of marginelliform gastropods. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 2019, 85 (4): 439–451. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyz028.  国际贝库：Cystiscus angasi. 台湾贝类资料库. [2024-08-06]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04） （中文（繁體））.  Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á. & Warén, A. Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia (Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks). 2005, 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. OCLC 61351079. OL 42989175M. S2CID 83847814.  Adams, Henry and Arthur Adams 1853. In: 1853-1858. The genera of Recent Mollusca; arranged according to their organization. John van Voorst, London. 3 vols [1:vi-xl, 1-484; 2:1-661; 3:pls. 1-138]. Barnard, Keppel Harcourt 1962. A new genus in the family Marginellidae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 35(1):14-15. 1963. The family position of Afrivoluta pringlei Tomlin. The Journal of Conchology 25(5):198-199. Clover, Philip 1974. A new species of Cypraea from West Africa and three new species of Marginellidae from the Indian Ocean. The Journal of Conchology 28(4):213-216, pl.8. Coan, Eugene 1965. A proposed reclassification of the family Marginellidae. The Veliger 7(3):184-189 Coan, Eugene and Barry Roth 1966. The West American Marginellidae. The Veliger 8(4): 276-299, pls. 48-51. 1976. Status of the genus Hyalina Schumacher, 1817 (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Journal of Moluccan Studies 42(2):217-222. Cooke, Alfred Hands 1922. On the pseudo-genus Pseudomarginella, v. Maltzan. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London15(1):3-5. Coomans, H. E. 1969a. On the identity of Criptospira glauca and the related Cryptospira ventricosa, (Gastropoda: Marginellidae). Basteria 33(5-6):85-92. 1969b. Notes om Marginella spryi. Basteria 39(1-2):23-27. 1975. Marginella orstomi. A new species from deeper water off the coast of West Africa (gastropoda, Marginellidae). Bulletin Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit von Amsterdam vol.4 No.12 Coomans, H. E. and Philip Clover 1972. The genus Rivomarginella (Gastropoda, Marginellidae). Beaufortia 20(263):69-75. Coovert, Gary A. 1986a. Type species list. Marginella Marginalia 1(1):1-3. 1986b. Generic group names. Marginella Marginalia 1(2):5-7. 1987a. The genus Afrivoluta and a review of the type species Afrivoluta pringlei Tomlin, 1947. Marginella Marginalia 2(1):1-8. 1987b. Addenda to Afrivoluta paper. Marginella Marginalia 2(6):39 1987c. Propor usage of the generic names Haloginella, Hyalina, and Volvarina with a diagnosis of the genus Haloginella. Marginella Marginalia 3(1):1-7 1987d. The external anatomy of two species of Caribbean Marginellidae. Marginella Marginalia 3(5):33-37. 1988a. Type species of the genera Austroginella and Mesoginella and their synonyms. Marginella Marginalia 4(2/3):9-26. 1988b. Marginellidae of Florida, Part II. Prunum succinea with a discussion of Prunum and Volvarina. Marginella Marginalia 4(5)_35-42, pl. 1. Cossmann, Alexandre Édouard Maurice 1899. Essaid e paléonconchologie comparée. Cossmann, Paris. Vol. 3, 201 p., pls. 1-8. Fischer, Paul 1883 . In: 1880-1887. Manuel de conchyologie et de paléontologie conchyologique ou histoire naturelle des mollusques vivantes et fossiles. Libraire F. Savy, Paris. Vol. 2(fascicule 6):513-608, 1883. Gofas, Serge 1989. Le genre Volvarina (Marginellidae) dans la Mediterranée et l´Atlantique du nord est. Bolletino Malacologico 25(5-8):159-182. Gofas, Serge and Francisco Fernandes 1988. The marginellids of São Tomé, West Africa. Journal of Conchology 33(1):1-30, pls. 1-2. 1992. The Marginellidae of Angola: The genus Volvarina. The Journal of Conchology 34(4):187-198 1994. The Marginellidae of Angola: The genus Marginella. Journal of Conchology 35:103-119 Gray, John Edward 1847. A list of the genera of Recent Mollusac, their synonyma and types. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1847 pt.15[=17]:129-219. Harasewych, M. G. and Y. I. Kantor 1991. Rediscovery of Marginellona gigas (Martens, 1904), with notes on the anatomy and systematic position on the subfamily Marginelloninae (Gastropoda: Marginellidae). Nemouria（英语：Nemouria） 37:1-19. Hinds, Richard Brinsley 1844. Descriptions of Marginellae collected during the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur, and from the collection of Mr. Cuming. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1844 pt. 12[= vol. 14].72-77. Jousseaume, Felix P. 1875. Coquilles de la famille des marginelles. Monographie. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, ser.3, 3:164-271, 429-435, pls. 7-8. [Also issued separately, pp. 1–115, pls. 7-8]. Laseron, Charles F. 1957. A new classification of the Australian Marginellidae (Mollusca), with a review of species from the Solanderian and Dampierian zoogeographical provinces. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 8(3):274-311. Redfield, John H. 1852. Description of new species of Marginella, with notes on sundry species of Marginella and Cypraea. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History in New York 5:224-228. 1870. Catalogue of the known species, recent and fossil, of the family Marginellidae. American Journal of Concholoigy 6(2):215-269. Reeve, Lovell Augustus 1864-1865. Monograph of the genus Marginella. In; Chonchologia Iconica: or illustration of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. 15, pls. 2-13 [Aug. 1864], pls. 1,14-27, index, errata [Jan. 1865]. Sohl, N. F. 1963. New gastropod genera from the late Upper Cretaceous of East Gulf Coastal * Sowerby, George Brettingham II 1846. Monograph of the genus Marginella. In: Thesaurus Conchyliorum, or figures and descriptions of Recent Shells. Sowerby, London. Vol 1(7):239-406, pls.68-78. The Academy of Natural Sciences （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. A Database of Western Atlantic Marine Mollusca Thiele, Johannes 1904. Pt. B, Anatomisch-systematische untersuchungen einiger Gastropoden, pp. 147–180, pls. 6-9. In: Martens and Thiele. Die beschalten Gastropoden der deutscen Tiefsee-Expedition 1898-1899. Tomlin, John Reed le Brockton 1947. A new South African volutid. The Journal of Conchology 22(10):244-245 Weinkauff, Henrich Conrad 1878-1879. Die gattungen Marginella und Erato In: Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Cheminitz. 2nd ed. Bauer and Raspe, Nürnberg. Vol. 5(4):1-166, pls. 1-26. 维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：穀米螺科 維基物種上的相關信息：Marginellidae Coovert G.A. & Coovert H.K. (1995) Revision of the supraspecific classification of marginelliform gastropods. The Nautilus 109(2-3): 43-110 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Fedosov A.E., Caballer Gutierrez M., Buge B., Sorokin P.V., Puillandre N., Bouchet P. (2019 [20 September]). Mapping the missing branch on the neogastropod tree of life: molecular phylogeny of marginelliform gastropods. Journal of Molluscan Studies SOARES JR, PAULINO JOSÉ, and Luiz Ricardo L. Simone. "Cladistic analysis of the family Marginellidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) based on phenotypic features." Zootaxa 4648.2 (2019): 201-240. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）