豆螺屬

豆螺屬（學名：Bithynia），舊亦作沼螺屬，是一種沼螺科的淡水螺腹足綱軟體動物的屬。如同其他舊屬前鳃亚纲的物種那樣，本屬物種都使用鰓呼吸，而且其殼口都有螺厣。 從取自埃及的豆螺屬物種，我們知道其二倍體的染色體數目是2n = 32。 位於阿尔巴尼亚与黑山边境上的斯库台湖是豆螺屬物種的多樣性最豐富的地區：有五個物種，被認為是豆螺屬物種演化的生物多樣性熱點。 Glöer (2002):190-194只承認Bithynia、Codiella、Neumayria及Parafossarulus這四個歐洲物種的亞屬。他亦把兩個舊屬沼螺屬（Parafossarulus）的已滅絕物種到Bithynia亞屬，因為Parafossarulus屬一般只接受亞洲物種。除了Parafossarulus屬，Digoniostoma也是另一個亞洲物種的亞屬。 以下詳列沼螺屬所有物種及其所屬的亞屬： 豆螺亚属 Bithynia Leach, 1818（指名亞屬） Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758)：本屬的模式種 亚属 Codiella Locard, 1894 Bithynia leachii (Sheppard, 1823) Bithynia transsilvanica (Bielz, 1853)：Bithynia troschelii (Paasch 1842)是這個物種的異名 亚属 Neumayria De Stefani, 1887 † Bithynia bavelensis Meijer, 1990 亚属 Digoniostoma Annandale, 1920 Bithynia funiculata Walker, 1927 Bithynia siamensis Lea, 1856 亚属未定 Bithynia phialensis (Conrad, 1852) Bithynia pseudemmericia Schütt, 1964 亚属 ? † Bithynia almerai Almera, 1894 † Bithynia berthelini Depéret, 1894 Bithynia boissieri (Küster, 1852) † Bithynia brusinai Halaváts, 1903 † Bithynia budinici Brusina, 1902 Bithynia candiota Westerlund, 1886 Bithynia canyamelensis Altaba, 2007 Bithynia cerameopoma (Benson, 1830) Bithynia cettinensis Clessin, 1887 † Bithynia clessini Brusina, 1884 Bithynia cretensis Glöer & Maassen, 2009 † Bithynia croatica Pilar, 1874 † Bithynia cyclostoma (Rousseau, 1842) Bithynia danubialis Glöer & Georgiev, 2012 † Bithynia dunkeri Gude, 1913 † Bithynia erzuruma Schütt, 1991 Bithynia forcarti Glöer & Pešić, 2012 † Bithynia fuchsi Willmann, 1981 圓沼螺 Bithynia fuchsiana (Möllendorff, 1888) Bithynia ghodaghodiensis Glöer & Bössneck, 2013 † Bithynia giralanensis Oppenheim, 1919 † Bithynia glabra (von Zieten, 1832) Bithynia graeca Westerlund, 1879 Bithynia hambergerae A. Reischütz, N. Reischütz & P. L. Reischütz, 2008 意大利豆螺 Bithynia italica (Paulucci, 1879) † Bithynia jurinaci Brusina, 1884 Bithynia kobialkai Glöer & Beckmann, 2007 † Bithynia leberonensis Fischer & Tournouër, 1873 Bithynia lithoglyphoides (Nesemann & G. Sharma, 2007) 长角豆螺 Bithynia longicornis Benson - 中国 Bithynia majorcina Glöer & Rolán, 2007 Bithynia manonellesi Altaba, 2007 † Bithynia marasinica Andrusov, 1909 Bithynia mazandaranensis Glöer & Pešić, 2012 † Bithynia mediocris Ludwig, 1865 † Bithynia minor Locard, 1878 臺灣圓沼螺 Bithynia misella (Gredler, 1884) Bithynia montenegrina Wohlberedt, 1901 Bithynia mostarensis Möllendorff, 1873 † Bithynia multicostata Tchernov, 1975 Bithynia nakeae Glöer & Beckmann, 2007 Bithynia numidica Bourguignat, 1864 Bithynia orcula Frauenfeld, 1862 Bithynia pauli Altaba, 2007 Bithynia pesicii Glöer & Yildirim, 2006 Bithynia phialensis (Conrad, 1852) † Bithynia phrygica (Fischer in Tchihatcheff, 1866) † Bithynia pilari Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875 † Bithynia pisidica Oppenheim, 1919 † Bithynia podarensis (Pană in Pană et al., 1981) † Bithynia pontica Gozhik, 2002 Bithynia prespensis Hadžišče, 1963 Bithynia prestoni Glöer & Bössneck, 2013 † Bithynia protemmericia Willmann, 1981 Bithynia pseudemmericia Schütt, 1964 Bithynia pulchella (Benson, 1836) Bithynia quintanai Glöer & Beckmann, 2007 Bithynia radomani Glöer & Pešić, 2007 Bithynia raptiensis Glöer & Bössneck, 2013 Bithynia reharensis Glöer & Bössneck, 2013 Bithynia riddifordi Altaba, 2007 † Bithynia rubella Schütt in Schütt & Besenecker, 1973 Bithynia rubens (Menke, 1830) † Bithynia rumana Porumbaru, 1881 † Bithynia sabbae Gozhik, 2002 † Bithynia schuetti Schlickum & Strauch, 1974 Bithynia schwabii Frauenfeld, 1865 † Bithynia sermenazensis Depéret, 1894 Bithynia shapkarevi Glöer, Shoreva & Slavevska-Stamenković, 2015 Bithynia sibirica Westerlund, 1886 Bithynia sistanica (Annandale & Prashad, 1919) Bithynia skadarskii Glöer & Pešić, 2007 Bithynia starmuehlneri Glöer & Pešić, 2012 Bithynia stenothyroides (Dohrn, 1857) Bithynia subbaraoi Glöer & Bössneck, 2013 Bithynia timmii Odabaşı & Arslan, 2015 Bithynia transsilvanica Bielz, 1853 † Bithynia ungeri (Rolle, 1860) † Bithynia veneria Fontannes, 1881 † Bithynia verneuili (Mayer, 1856) † Bithynia verrii de Stefani, 1880 Bithynia vukotinovici Brusina, 1874 † Bithynia walderdorffii Frauenfeld, 1865 Bithynia walkeri (Brandt, 1968) Bithynia yildirimi Glöer & Georgiev, 2012 Bithynia zeta Glöer & Pešić, 2007 † Bithynia zoranici Brusina, 1902 异名： Bithynia badiella (Küster, 1852)：为Pseudobithynia badiella (Küster, 1853)的异名。 † Bithynia bengestensis Fontannes, 1887：为 † Tylopoma bengestiensis (Fontannes, 1887) 的异名。 † Bithynia brusinai Halaváts, 1903：为 † Lithoglyphus acutus decipiens Brusina, 1885 的异名。 † Bithynia crassitesta (Brömme, 1883)：为 † Parafossarulus crassitesta (Brömme, 1883) 的异名。 † Bithynia curta Locard, 1893：为 † Bithynia glabra helvetica (Wenz, 1930) 的异名。 † Bithynia gracilis Sandberger, 1875：为 † Bithynia glabra glabra (von Zieten, 1832) 的异名。 Bithynia hamicensis Pallary, 1939：为Pseudobithynia hamicensis (Pallary, 1939)的异名。 † Bithynia labiata Neumayr in Herbich & Neumayr, 1875：为 † Neumayria labiata (Neumayr in Herbich & Neumayr, 1875) 的异名。 Bithynia leachi (Sheppard, 1823)：为Bithynia leachii (Sheppard, 1823)的异名。 Bithynia majewsky Frauenfeld, 1862：为Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758)的异名。 † Bithynia margaritula Fuchs, 1870：为† Pseudamnicola (Pseudamnicola) margaritula (Fuchs, 1870) 的异名。 Bithynia narentana Locard, 1874 ：为Bithynia mostarensis Möllendorff, 1873的异名。 Bithynia pentheri Sturany, 1904：为Pseudobithynia pentheri (Sturany, 1904)的异名。 Bithynia phaeacina Locard, 1887：为Pseudobithynia renei (Letourneux, 1887)的异名。 † Bithynia podwinensis Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875：为 † Neumayria podwinensis (Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875)的异名。 † Bithynia proxima Fuchs, 1870：为† Pseudamnicola proxima (Fuchs, 1870) 的异名。 Bithynia saulcyi Bourguignat, 1853：为Pseudobithynia saulcyi (Bourguignat, 1853)的异名。 † Bithynia scalaris Fuchs, 1877：为 † Bythinella megarensis Bukowski, 1896 的异名。 † Bithynia spoliata Stefanescu, 1896：为 † Neumayria spoliata (Stefanescu, 1896) 的异名。 Bithynia stossichiana Locard, 1894：为Pseudobithynia renei (Letourneux, 1887)的异名。 Bithynia uzielliana Issel, 1866：为Gangetia uzielliana (Issel, 1866)的异名。 † Bithynia vucotinovici Brusina, 1874：为 † Neumayria vukotinovici (Brusina, 1874) 的异名。 † Bithynia vukotinovici Brusina, 1874：为 † Neumayria vukotinovici (Brusina, 1874)的异名。 沼螺屬 Parafossarulus Abel C. 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The Bithynia species from Skadar Lake (Montenegro) (Gastropoda: Bithyniidae). Mollusca (Dresden（德國）). 2007, 25 (1): 7–12 （英语）.