不动杆菌属

不动杆菌属（学名：Acinetobacter）為假单胞菌目莫拉氏菌科的一属好氧或兼性厌氧发酵型革兰氏阴性杆菌。杆状菌。广泛存在于自然界的土壤、水和污物中。此属的模式种为乙酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)。 不动杆菌属非发酵菌是条件致病菌，当机体抵抗力降低时，容易引起机体的感染，是引起医院内感染的重要机会致病菌之一。本菌可引起呼吸道感染、败血症、脑膜炎、心内膜炎、伤口及皮肤感染、泌尿生殖道感染等。重症者可导致死亡。多见于老年人以及婴幼儿，以及犬科动物。 本属包括以下物种： Acinetobacter albensis Krizova et al. 2015 Acinetobacter amyesii Nemec et al. 2022 Acinetobacter apis Kim et al. 2014 鲍曼不动杆菌 Acinetobacter baumannii Bouvet and Grimont 1986，鲍氏不动杆菌 贝氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter baylyi Carr et al. 2003 拜氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter beijerinckii Nemec et al. 2009 别雷斯不动杆菌 Acinetobacter bereziniae Nemec et al. 2010 Acinetobacter bohemicus Krizova et al. 2015 Acinetobacter boissieri Álvarez-Pérez et al. 2013 包氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter bouvetii Carr et al. 2003，布氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter brisouii Anandham et al. 2011 乙酸钙不动杆菌 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (Beijerinck 1911) Baumann et al. 1968，醰酸钙不动杆菌 Acinetobacter celticus Radolfova-Krizova et al. 2016 成都不动杆菌 Acinetobacter chengduensis Qin et al. 2020 中华不动杆菌 Acinetobacter chinensis Hu et al. 2019 Acinetobacter colistiniresistens Nemec et al. 2017 Acinetobacter courvalinii Nemec et al. 2016 Acinetobacter cumulans Qin et al. 2019 Acinetobacter defluvii Hu et al. 2017 Acinetobacter dijkshoorniae Cosgaya et al. 2016，为Acinetobacter lactucae Rooney et al. 2016的异名 Acinetobacter dispersus Nemec et al. 2016 Acinetobacter entericus Dong and Yang 2023 Acinetobacter equi Poppel et al. 2016 Acinetobacter faecalis Chen et al. 2022 Acinetobacter gandensis Smet et al. 2014 Acinetobacter gerneri Carr et al. 2003 格氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter grimontii Carr et al. 2003，异名 广东不动杆菌 Acinetobacter guangdongensis Feng et al. 2014，异名 Acinetobacter guerrae Carvalheira et al. 2020 桂林不动杆菌 Acinetobacter guillouiae Nemec et al. 2010 Acinetobacter gyllenbergii Nemec et al. 2009 溶血不动杆菌 Acinetobacter haemolyticus (ex Stenzel and Mannheim 1963) Bouvet and Grimont 1986 Acinetobacter halotolerans Dahal et al. 2017 哈尔滨不动杆菌 Acinetobacter harbinensis Li et al. 2014 Acinetobacter higginsii Nemec et al. 2023 Acinetobacter ihumii Yacouba et al. 2023，以分离出模式菌株的地中海感染研究所(Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, IHU-MI)的名字命名 印度不动杆菌 Acinetobacter indicus Malhotra et al. 2012 约氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter johnsonii Bouvet and Grimont 1986，约翰逊不动杆菌 琼氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter junii Bouvet and Grimont 1986，以美国人Elliot Juni的名字命名 Acinetobacter kanungonis Das et al. 2021 Acinetobacter kookii Choi et al. 2013 Acinetobacter lactucae Rooney et al. 2016 Acinetobacter lanii Zhu et al. 2020 Acinetobacter larvae Liu et al. 2017 鲁氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter lwoffii (Audureau 1940) Brisou and Prévot 1954 Acinetobacter modestus Nemec et al. 2016 Acinetobacter nematophilus Machado et al. 2023 Acinetobacter nectaris Álvarez-Pérez et al. 2013 Acinetobacter nosocomialis Nemec et al. 2011 巴基斯坦不动杆菌 Acinetobacter pakistanensis Abbas et al. 2015，为Acinetobacter bohemicus Krizova et al. 2015的异名 帕氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter parvus Nemec et al. 2003 Acinetobacter pecorum Pallen 2024 Acinetobacter piscicola Liu et al. 2018 皮特不动杆菌 Acinetobacter pittii Nemec et al. 2011 Acinetobacter populi Li et al. 2015 Acinetobacter portensis Carvalheira et al. 2020 Acinetobacter pragensis Radolfova-Krizova et al. 2016 Acinetobacter proteolyticus Nemec et al. 2016 Acinetobacter pseudolwoffii Nemec et al. 2019 濮阳不动杆菌 Acinetobacter puyangensis Li et al. 2013 清丰不动杆菌 Acinetobacter qingfengensis Li et al. 2014 抗辐射不动杆菌 Acinetobacter radioresistens Nishimura et al. 1988 Acinetobacter rudis Vaz-Moreira et al. 2011 申氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter schindleri Nemec et al. 2001 沉积物不动杆菌 Acinetobacter sedimenti Zheng et al. 2022 Acinetobacter seifertii Nemec et al. 2015，以德国医学微生物学家Harald Seifert的名字命名 邵一鸣不动杆菌 Acinetobacter shaoyimingii Zhu et al. 2020 四川不动杆菌 Acinetobacter sichuanensis Qin et al. 2018 土壤不动杆菌 Acinetobacter soli Kim et al. 2009 Acinetobacter suaedae Xu et al. 2024 坦氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter tandoii Carr et al. 2003，潭氏不动杆菌 西藏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter tibetensis Pan et al. 2023 特氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter tjernbergiae Carr et al. 2003 汤氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter towneri Carr et al. 2003 邬氏不动杆菌 Acinetobacter ursingii Nemec et al. 2001，以瑞典细菌学家和分类学家Jan Ursing的名字命名 Acinetobacter variabilis Krizova et al. 2015 威尼斯不动杆菌 Acinetobacter venetianus (ex Di Cello et al. 1997) Vaneechoutte et al. 2009 Acinetobacter vivianii Nemec et al. 2016 Acinetobacter wanghuae Zhu et al. 2020，以微生物学家王华教授的名字命名，他对肠出血性大肠杆菌、链球菌、耶尔森菌和几种临床重要病毒的系统发育和分子分型研究做出了贡献 武侯不动杆菌 Acinetobacter wuhouensis Hu et al. 2018，种名指四川省成都市武侯区 Acinetobacter Brisou & Prévot, 1954. 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