中後圓唇元音

中後圓唇元音是一個用於一些口語中的元音。由於在國際音標中並沒有專門表示半閉[o]與半開[ɔ]之間的元音音標，習慣上通常將此音直接寫作⟨o⟩。若要更精確地描述，可以加上變音符號，如⟨o̞⟩或⟨ɔ̝⟩，且前者比後者常用。另外，非國際音標字母⟨ⱺ⟩偶爾也會被使用。 使用者分布於泰國與馬來西亞的肯休语尤為特別，因為在這個語言中，真正的中元音和與其非常相近的半開元音與半閉元音屬於不同的音位。換言之，即使不考慮圓唇度或元音舌位，這些元音都是獨立且不互相混淆的。 其元音高度為中，舌頭的位置約恰在閉元音與開元音之間。 其元音舌位是後，表示舌頭的位置會盡可能地朝向口腔後部，但不至于阻礙氣流而被歸類為子音。 其元音圓唇度為突出，即將嘴角聚拢，且嘴唇內側向外露出。 Wissing (2016)，section "The rounded mid-high back vowel /ɔ/". Abdoh (2010:84頁) Traunmüller (1982), cited in Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996:290頁) harv error: no target: CITEREFLadefogedMaddieson1996 (help) Lee & Zee (2003)，第110頁. Chen & Gussenhoven (2015)，第328頁. Dankovičová (1999)，第72頁. Šimáčková, Podlipský & Chládková (2012)，第228–230頁. Grønnum (1998)，第100頁. Basbøll (2005)，第47頁. Collins & Mees (2003)，第132頁. Peters (2010)，第241頁. Lass (2002)，第116頁. Watt & Allen (2003)，第268頁. Watson (2007)，第357頁. Warren & Bauer (2004)，第617頁. Collins & Mees (1990)，第95頁. Roach (2004)，第242頁. Przedlacka (2001)，第44頁. Roca & Johnson (1999)，第180頁. Iivonen & Harnud (2005)，第60, 66頁. 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