尤里·奧爾洛夫

音频 2011年5月11日接受的采访 播放此文件有问题？请参见媒體幫助。 尤里·費奧多羅維奇·奧爾洛夫（俄语：Юрий Фёдорович Орлов，英語：Yuri Feodorovich Orlov，1924年8月13日—2020年9月27日）生於蘇俄莫斯科，是康乃爾大學物理學與政府學教授，前蘇聯异见分子，前苏联核物理学家和與人權運動者，创办了莫斯科赫爾辛基小組和苏联大赦国际团体。作为苏联人权运动的创始人，他曾因密切关注赫尔辛基人权运动而服刑流亡九年，被认为是良心犯。 1924年8月13日，尤里·奧爾洛夫出生于莫斯哥附近村庄的一个工人家庭。他的父母是Klavdiya Petrovna Lebedeva和Fyodor Pavlovich Orlov。1933年3月，其父作古。 1944至1946年间，奧爾洛夫是苏联军队的一个军官。1952年，他从莫斯科国立大学毕业，加入理论与实验物理研究所学习。随后成为研究所的物理学家。 存档副本. [2018-11-12]. （原始内容存档于2019-08-29）.  Орлов Юрий Федорович (р. 1924) [Orlov Yuri Fyodorovich (b. 1924)]. The Sakharov Center. [2018-11-12]. （原始内容存档于2018-11-12） （俄语）.  Shultz, George. Turmoil and triumph: my years as secretary of state. Scribner's. 1993: 749. ISBN 0684193256.  Yuri Orlov vows he'll continue to struggle for human rights. Kentucky New Era. 2 October 1986: 48 [2018-11-12]. （原始内容存档于2016-05-16）.  The Yuri Orlov file. The National Security Archive. [2018-11-12]. （原始内容存档于2017-07-19）.  Orlov receives maximum sentence (PDF). 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Orlov, Yuri. The wave logic of consciousness: a hypothesis. International Journal of Theoretical Physics. January 1982;21(1):37–53. doi:10.1007/BF01880263. Bibcode:1982IJTP...21...37O. Yury Orlov: I believe in the people. Index on Censorship. February 1987, 16 (2): 10. doi:10.1080/03064228708534201.  Orlov, Yuri; Bethell, Nicholas. Out of the Gulag and into exile. Encounter. May 1987 [archived 2015-09-09; cited 2018-11-12];(26):48–52. Orlov, Yuri. Before and after glasnost. Commentary. 1 October 1988 [archived 2018-06-13; cited 2018-11-12];86(4):24. Orlov, Yuri. The Soviet Union, human rights, and national security. In: Corillon, Carol (ed.). Science and human rights. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 1988. p. 62–67. Template:Vcite news Bonner, Elena; Orlov, Yuri. Armenia: an open letter. The New York Review of Books. 18 July 1991 [archived 2011-07-08; cited 2018-11-12]. Orlov, Yuri [Юрий Орлов]. Перейти к полной свободе в сфере идей [Passing to full freedom in the area of ideas]. In: Aksyutin, Yuri; Medvedev, Roy [Юрий Аксютин, Рой Медведев] (eds.). Л.И. Брежнев: Материалы к биографии [L.I. Brezhnev: Materials to biography]. Moscow: Политиздат; 1991. Russian. ISBN 5-250-01721-5. p. 323–328. （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Orlov, Yuri. Dangerous Thoughts. Memoirs of a Russian Life. New York: William Morrow and Company. 1991. ISBN 0688104711.  Орлов, Юрий. Опасные мысли: Мемуары из рус. жизни [Dangerous Thoughts. Memoirs of a Russian Life]. Moscow: Аргументы и факты. 1992 [2018-11-12]. ISBN 585272002X. （原始内容存档于2018-11-12） （俄语）.  Birman, Joseph; Lizhi, Fang; Winick, Herman; Chudnovsky, Eugene; Orlov, Yuri. Science and human rights. Nature. August 1994;370(6491):592. doi:10.1038/370592a0. Bibcode:1994Natur.370..592B. Orlov, Yuri [Юрий Орлов]. Возможен ли социализм не тоталитарного типа? [Is a non-totalitarian type of socialism possible?]. Akhmetiev I.; Kulakov V. [И. Ахметьев; В. Кулаков] (编). Самиздат века [Samizdat of the century]. Minsk: Полифакт. 1997 [2018-11-12]. ISBN 5-89356-004-3. （原始内容存档于2018-12-10） （俄语）.  Orlov, Yuri [Юрий Орлов]. Возможен ли социализм не тоталитарного типа? [Is a non-totalitarian type of socialism possible?]. Igrunov, Vyacheslav [Вячеслав Игрунов] (编). Антология самиздата. Неподцензурная литература в СССР. 1950–1980-е.: В 3-х томах: т. 3: после 1973 [Anthology of samizdat. Uncensored literature in the USSR. The 1950s–1980s. In 3 volumes. Volume 3. After 1973] (PDF). Moscow: Международный институт гуманитарно-политических исследований. 2005: 191–205. ISBN 5-89793-034-1. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于8 March 2013） （俄语）.  尤里·奥尔洛夫在康乃爾大學的首頁 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） 尤里·奥尔洛夫的简历 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Aftermath of the Orlov trial. Nature. 25 May 1978, 273 (5660): 255. Bibcode:1978Natur.273..255.. doi:10.1038/273255a0.  APS joins in appeals for Orlov and Shcharansky. Physics Today. January 1985, 38 (1): 117. 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Radio Liberty. 13 May 2006 [2018-11-12]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04） （俄语）.  Alexeyeva, Lyudmila; Bukovsky, Vladimir; Amalrik, Andrei; Voikhanskaya, Marina; Plyushch, Leonid; Elina, Emilia; Voronina, Lidia; Bresenden, Yevgeniy. The Orlov tribunal. Index on Censorship. November 1977, 6 (6): 52–60 [2018-11-12]. doi:10.1080/03064227708532716. （原始内容存档于2016-01-07）.  Bethell, Nicholas. How Orlov survived in Soviet prison. The Montreal Gazette. 17 October 1986: A1, A5.  Bromley, Allan; Feshbach, Herman; Garvey, Gerald; Hyde, Earl; Keller, Lewin; Weneser, Joseph. Soviet boycott by US physicists over Orlov. Physics Today. August 1978, 31 (8): 11. Bibcode:1978PhT....31h..11B. doi:10.1063/1.2995134.  Carr, Bruce. Physicists petition Soviet Academy on Orlov arrest. Physics Today. May 1977, 30 (5): 112. Bibcode:1977PhT....30e.112C. doi:10.1063/1.3037583.  De Boer, S. P.; Driessen, Evert; Verhaar, Hendrik. Orlov, Jurij Fedorovič. Biographical dictionary of dissidents in the Soviet Union: 1956–1975. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 1982: 405–406 [2018-11-12]. ISBN 9024725380. （原始内容存档于2016-05-09）.  Hyman, Lloyd; Katz, Joseph; O'Connor, Timothy; Peshkin, Murray; Ringo, Roy. Concerning Y. Orlov and A. Sharansky. Science. 21 October 1977, 198 (4314): 251. Bibcode:1977Sci...198..253H. PMID 17770484. doi:10.1126/science.198.4314.251.  Jacobs, Michael. Current response to Orlov jailing. Physics Today. June 1979, 32 (6): 78. Bibcode:1979PhT....32f..78J. doi:10.1063/1.2995603.  Jacobs, Michael. Yuri Orlov's wife fears for his health. Physics Today. December 1979, 32 (12): 88. Bibcode:1979PhT....32l..88J. doi:10.1063/1.2995338.  Rich, Vera. Yurii Orlov suffers two trials. Nature. 18 May 1978, 273 (5659): 178. Bibcode:1978Natur.273..178R. doi:10.1038/273178a0.  Rich, Vera. Americans cancel visits in protest over Orlov. Nature. 25 May 1978, 273 (5660): 258. Bibcode:1978Natur.273..258R. doi:10.1038/273258a0.  Rich, Vera. A day in the life of Yurii Orlov. 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Bibcode:1986PhT....39k.168S. doi:10.1063/1.2815231.  Sweet, William. Orlov provides perspectives on Gorbachev's reforms. Physics Today. May 1987, 40 (5): 79. Bibcode:1987PhT....40e..79S. doi:10.1063/1.2820021.  Turchin, Valentin. Orlov in exile. Physics Today. July 1985, 38 (38): 9. Bibcode:1985PhT....38g...9T. doi:10.1063/1.2814623.  Natella Boltyanskaya. Восемнадцатая серия. Юрий Орлов [The eighteenth part. Yuri Orlov]. Voice of America. Parallels, Events, People. 8 September 2014 [2018-11-12]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05） （俄语）.  YouTube上的Юбилейный вечер Юрия Орлова [Anniversary evening of Yuri Orlov, 19 min, in Russian] Template:Soviet dissidents Template:Moscow Helsinki Group 物理主題 人物主題 苏联主題