薊屬

薊屬（学名：Cirsium），屬於菊科，是多年生植物，至少150种，分布于北温带。其中较多见的为大薊，是蘇格蘭國花。学名Cirsium来源于希腊语“kirsos”。 薊屬被某些鱗翅目物種的幼蟲用作食用植物-參見以薊屬為食的鱗翅目的列表（英语：List of Lepidoptera that feed on Cirsium）。 種子對美國金翅雀等小雀科很有吸引力。 大多数物种通常根据农业利益被视为杂草。 翼蓟（又名歐洲薊）在美国的9个州被列为有害野草 。 为了美观和/或支持授粉者（英语：pollinators），例如蝴蝶，特别是在花园和野花种植中种植了某些物种。 止血 消腫 本属包括以下物种： Cirsium acarna - Soldier Thistle Cirsium acaule - Stemless Thistle, Dwarf Thistle Cirsium altissimum - Roadside Thistle, Tall Thistle Cirsium amblylepis - Mt. Tamalpais Thistle Cirsium andersonii - Anderson's Thistle, Rose Thistle Cirsium andrewsii - Franciscan Thistle Cirsium araneans - Jeweled Thistle Cirsium arcuum - Powderpuff Thistle Cirsium aridum - Desert Thistle Cirsium arizonicum - Arizona Thistle Cirsium arvense - Creeping Thistle, Field Thistle, Canada Thistle Cirsium arvense var. argenteum Cirsium arvense var. integrifolium Cirsium arvense var. mite Cirsium arvense var. vestitum Cirsium barnebyi - Barneby's Thistle Cirsium brachycephalum Cirsium brevifolium - Palouse Thistle Cirsium brevistylum - Clustered Thistle Cirsium calcareum - Cainville Thistle Cirsium californicum - California Thistle Cirsium callilepis - Fringebract Thistle Cirsium campylon - Mount Hamilton Thistle Cirsium canescens - Platte Thistle, Prairie Thistle Cirsium canovirens - Graygreen Thistle Cirsium canum - Queen Anne's Thistle Cirsium carolinianum - Carolina Thistle, Soft Thistle Cirsium caulescens Cirsium centaureae Cirsium chellyense - Queen Thistle Cirsium chuskaense - Monarch Thistle Cirsium ciliolatum - Ashland Thistle Cirsium clavatum - Lake Thistle Cirsium clokeyi - Charleston Mountain Thistle, Whitespine Thistle Cirsium congdonii - Rosette Thistle Cirsium costaricense Cirsium coulteri - Coulter’s Thistle Cirsium crassicaule - Slough Thistle Cirsium cymosum - Peregrine Thistle Cirsium diacanthum Cirsium discolor - Field Thistle, Pasture Thistle Cirsium dissectum - Meadow Thistle Cirsium douglasii Cirsium drummondii - Dwarf Thistle Cirsium durangense Cirsium eatonii - Eaton's Thistle Cirsium edule - Edible Thistle Cirsium engelmannii - Engelmann Thistle, Engelmann's Thistle Cirsium eriophorum - Woolly Thistle Cirsium erisithales - Yellow Melancholy Thistle Cirsium esculentum Cirsium flodmanii - Flodman Thistle, Flodman's Thistle Cirsium foliosum - Drummond's Thistle, Elk Thistle, Leafy Thistle, Meadow Thistle Cirsium fontinale - Fountain Thistle Cirsium gilense - Gila Thistle Cirsium grahamii - Graham's Thistle Cirsium griseum - Gray Thistle Cirsium hallii - Hall's Thistle Cirsium helenioides - Melancholy Thistle, Common Melancholy Thistle Cirsium heterophyllum - Melancholy Thistle Cirsium hillii - Hill's Thistle Cirsium hookerianum - White Thistle Cirsium horridulum - Yellow Thistle Cirsium humboldtense - Humboldt County Thistle Cirsium hydrophilum - Suisun Thistle Cirsium hypoleucum Cirsium inornatum - Cloudcroft Thistle 南國小薊 Cirsium japonicum Cirsium kamtschaticum - Kamchatka Thistle 玉山蓟 Cirsium kawakamii - Yushan Thistle Cirsium lanatum - Hairy Thistle Cirsium laterifolium - Porcupine Thistle Cirsium lecontei - Le Conte's Thistle Cirsium leo Cirsium libanoticum Cirsium loncholepis - LaGraciosa Thistle Cirsium longistylum - Longstyle Thistle Cirsium maritimum Cirsium mendocinum - Mendocino Thistle Cirsium mexicanum - Mexican Thistle Cirsium modestum - Lacy Thistle Cirsium mohavense - Mojave Thistle Cirsium murdockii - Murdock's Thistle Cirsium muticum - Swamp Thistle Cirsium navajoense - Navajo Thistle Cirsium neomexicanum - Lavender Thistle, New Mexico Thistle Cirsium nipponicum Cirsium nuttallii - Nuttall's Thistle Cirsium occidentale -Cobweb Thistle Cirsium ochrocentrum - Yellowspine Thistle Cirsium oleraceum - Cabbage thistle Cirsium olivescens - Summer Thistle Cirsium oreophilum - Crow Thistle Cirsium osterhoutii - Osterhout's Thistle Cirsium ownbeyi - Ownbey's Thistle Cirsium pallidum - Pale Thistle 沼生垂头蓟 Cirsium paludigenum Y. F. Lu, Z. H. Chen et X. F. Jin Cirsium palustre - Marsh thistle, European Swamp Thistle Cirsium parryi - Parry's Thistle Cirsium pastoris - Snowy Thistle Cirsium peckii - Steen Mountain Thistle Cirsium pendulum Cirsium perplexans - Rocky Mountain Thistle Cirsium pitcheri - Pitcher's Thistle, Sand Dune Thistle Cirsium praeteriens - Palo Alto Thistle, Lost Thistle Cirsium proteanum - Red Thistle Cirsium pulcherrimum - Wyoming Thistle Cirsium pumilum - Pasture Thistle Cirsium pyrenaicum Cirsium quercetorum - Alameda County Thistle Cirsium remotifolium - Fewleaf Thistle Cirsium remotifolium var. remotifolium - Fewleaf Thistle Cirsium repandum - Sandhill Thistle Cirsium rhaphilepis Cirsium rhothophilum - Surf Thistle Cirsium rivulare Cirsium rothrockii - Rothrock's Thistle Cirsium rusbyi - Rusby's Thistle Cirsium rydbergii - Rydberg's Thistle Cirsium scabrum - Rough Thistle Cirsium scapanolepis - Mountain Slope Thistle Cirsium scariosum - Meadow Thistle Cirsium scopulorum - Mountain Thistle Cirsium segetum Cirsium serrulatum Cirsium spinosissimum Cirsium subniveum - Gray Thistle, Jackson Hole Thistle 臺灣薊 Cirsium taiwanense Y.H.Tseng & Chih Y.Chang Cirsium tanakae Cirsium tatakaense Y.H.Tseng & C.Y.Chang Cirsium texanum Buckley, 1862 - Texas Thistle Cirsium tioganum (Congdon) Petr., 1917 - Stemless Thistle Cirsium tuberosum (L.) All., 1785 - Tuberous Thistle. 类似于Cirsium dissectum (Meadow Thistle). Cirsium tukuhnikivatzicum Ackerf. Cirsium turneri - Cliff Thistle Cirsium undulatum - Gray Thistle, Wavy-leaf Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle Cirsium undulatum var. tracyi - Tracy's Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle Cirsium undulatum var. undulatum - Wavyleaf Thistle Cirsium validus - Graceful Thistle Cirsium vernale - Spring Thistle Cirsium vinaceum - Sacramento Mountain Thistle, Sacramento Mountains Thistle Cirsium virginense - Virgin Thistle Cirsium virginianum - Virginia Thistle 翼蓟 Cirsium vulgare - Bull Thistle, Spear Thistle, Common Thistle, Fuller's Thistle (异名：C. lanceolatum ) Cirsium wheeleri - Wheeler's Thistle Cirsium wrightii - Wright's Thistle Cirsium yezoense (Maxim.) Makino 浙江垂头蓟 Cirsium zhejiangense Z. H．Chen et X. Jin 杂交种： Cirsium × canalense - Canal Thistle Cirsium × crassum - Thistle Cirsium × erosum - Glory Thistle Cirsium × iowense - Iowa Thistle Cirsium × vancouverense - Vancouver Thistle Cirsium. Flora of North America. [2010-01-20]. （原始内容存档于2017-07-07） （英语）.  PLANTS Profile for Cirsium vulgare (bull thistle) USDA PLANTS. USDA Plant Database. USDA. [2008-07-15]. （原始内容存档于2013-07-02）.  Cirsium Mill.. GBIF. [2023-02-14]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-30）.  浙江蓟属( 菊科)二新种：浙江垂头蓟和沼生垂头蓟. NSII. [2023-02-14]. （原始内容存档于2023-02-14）.  Chih-Yi Chang, Hsy-Yu Tzeng and Yen-Hsueh Tseng. 2021. Cirsium taiwanense (Compositae, Cirsium sect. Onotrophe, subsect. Australicirsium), A New Species from Taiwan. PhytoKeys. 183: 35-53. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.183.70119 Chih-Yi Chang, Hsy-Yu Tzeng andYen-Hsueh Tseng. 2019. Cirsium tatakaense (Compositae), A New Species from Taiwan. PhytoKeys. 117: 119-132. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.117.29380 Jennifer R. Ackerfield. 2023. Cirsium tukuhnikivatzicum, A New Species of Thistle endemic to the La Sal Mountains of Utah. Systematic Botany. 48(2); 354-362. DOI: 10.1600/036364423X16847773873170 [在维基数据编辑] 《欽定古今圖書集成·博物彙編·草木典·薊部》，出自陈梦雷《古今圖書集成》 维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：薊屬 （简体中文）中国数字植物标本馆中的相关内容：薊屬 （英文）Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L.; Little, C.R. Weeds in South Texas and Northern Mexico. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. 2007.  ISBN 0-89672-614-2