Enhance partial merge to support multiple arguments

Summary:
* PartialMerge api now takes a list of operands instead of two operands.
* Add min_pertial_merge_operands to Options, indicating the minimum
  number of operands to trigger partial merge.
* This diff is based on Schalk's previous diff (D14601), but it also
  includes necessary changes such as updating the pure C api for
  partial merge.

Test Plan:
* make check all
* develop tests for cases where partial merge takes more than two
  operands.

TODOs (from Schalk):
* Add test with min_partial_merge_operands > 2.
* Perform benchmarks to measure the performance improvements (can probably
  use results of task #2837810.)
* Add description of problem to doc/index.html.
* Change wiki pages to reflect the interface changes.

Reviewers: haobo, igor, vamsi

Reviewed By: haobo

CC: leveldb, dhruba

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D16815
[rocksdb] new CompactionFilterV2 API

Summary:
This diff adds a new CompactionFilterV2 API that roll up the
decisions of kv pairs during compactions. These kv pairs must share the
same key prefix. They are buffered inside the db.

    typedef std::vector<Slice> SliceVector;
    virtual std::vector<bool> Filter(int level,
                                 const SliceVector& keys,
                                 const SliceVector& existing_values,
                                 std::vector<std::string>* new_values,
                                 std::vector<bool>* values_changed
                                 ) const = 0;

Application can override the Filter() function to operate
on the buffered kv pairs. More details in the inline documentation.

Test Plan:
make check. Added unit tests to make sure Keep, Delete,
Change all works.

Reviewers: haobo

CCs: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D15087
fix the HISTORY file to describe change happened in b47812fb
Fix the failure of stringappend_test caused by PartialMergeMulti.

Summary:
Fix a bug that PartialMergeMulti will try to merge the first operand
with an empty slice.

Test Plan: run stringappend_test and merge_test.

Reviewers: haobo, igor

Reviewed By: haobo

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D17157
[rocksdb] make init prefix more robust

Summary:
Currently if client uses kNULLString as the prefix, it will confuse
compaction filter v2. This diff added a bool to indicate if the prefix
has been intialized. I also added a unit test to cover this case and
make sure the new code path is hit.

Test Plan: db_test

Reviewers: igor, haobo

Reviewed By: igor

CC: leveldb

Differential Revision: https://reviews.facebook.net/D17151
fallocate_with_keep_size is false for LogWrites