Uniformize reflective subuniverses and modalities

And also add a few more examples.  This closes #457.  The use of typeclasses is a bit hackish (see comments in `ReflectiveSubuniverse.v`), but it's the best way I've been able to think of to avoid having to pass the modality as an argument to everything all the time when there is only one modality hanging around.
As far as I can tell, it is indeed not the case when `foo` has implicit arguments.

    Class qux.
    Class foo {q : qux}.
    Instance q0 : qux.
    Definition bar `{foo} : Type := Type.
    Definition bar2 {H : foo} : Type := Type.
    Set Printing Implicit.
    Print bar.
    Print bar2.