[Validator] Added ConstraintValidator::buildViolation() helper for BC with the 2.4 API

| Q             | A
| ------------- | ---
| Bug fix?      | no
| New feature?  | no
| BC breaks?    | no
| Deprecations? | no
| Tests pass?   | yes
| Fixed tickets | -
| License       | MIT
| Doc PR        | -

This PR adds a `buildViolation()` helper method to the base `ConstraintValidator` to remove the API checks (2.4 vs. 2.5) from the constraint validator implementations. Once the 2.4 API is removed, this helper method will be removed as well.

**Todos**

- [x] Backport changes from #12021
Did you see the `checkTime()` and `checkDate()` assertions below?