Supplement documentation fixes for fail!() -> panic!()

I found some occurrences of "failure" or "fails" in the documentation. I changed them to "panics" if it means a task panic. Otherwise I left it as is, or changed it to "errors" to clearly distinguish them.

Also, I made a minor fix that is breaking the layout of a module page. "Example" is shown in an irrelevant place from the following page: http://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/index.html