Specify the character encoding using meta charset

Use the shorter `<meta charset="utf-8">` to specify
the character encoding instead of the longer
`<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>`

For more in-depth information about how the character
encoding of HTML documents is determined, please see:
http://blog.whatwg.org/the-road-to-html-5-character-encoding
Remove redundant `type` attributes

Unless you need a different value than the default, the `type`
attributes on `script`, `style` and `link` elements are redundant.

For more in-depth information, please read:
* http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/scripting-1.html#attr-script-type
* http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/semantics.html#attr-style-type
Remove unused/unneeded JavaScript

* Two different jQuery versions are included. This only added to the
  page weight, so remove the unneeded one.

* Include external CSS files before external JavaScript files to
  improve performance.
  https://developers.google.com/speed/articles/include-scripts-properly
Move scripts to the bottom of the page

For more in-depth information on why this is a good thing, please read:

 * https://courses.cs.ut.ee/2010/enterprise/uploads/Main/SooReport.pdf
 * http://developer.yahoo.com/blogs/ydn/high-performance-sites-rule-6-move-scripts-bottom-7200.html
Use optimized version of Google Analytics Snippet

Ref: http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/async-analytics-snippet
Merge pull request #53 from alrra/improvements

Make minor improvements