Provide a callback to customize the repository on clone

Similarly to #2440, provide a callback to customize the repository upon creation for clone. This makes `git_clone_into()` and `git_clone_local_into()` redundant, and they do not implement some of the `git_clone()` logic, so remove them from the API.
I guess that makes sense. I was also thinking that we might want to use a single payload argument, though that might just make it harder to use.