Install all headers for the new atomics API.

Previously, by mistake, only atomics.h was installed.

Kohei KaiGai
Increase the number of buffer mapping partitions to 128.

Testing by Amit Kapila, Andres Freund, and myself, with and without
other patches that also aim to improve scalability, seems to indicate
that this change is a significant win over the current value and over
smaller values such as 64.  It's not clear how high we can push this
value before it starts to have negative side-effects elsewhere, but
going this far looks OK.