Fixing negative times

This address #105. There were two separate issues: one easy and one a little deeper. 

1. In plotting, I assumed the min time was 0, this has been fixed.
2. I changed some logic in the core `survival_times_to_table` function that makes it more robust. 

I've added tests for both fixes. @spacecowboy for review please :)
Glad we discussed this. I speced out what the function would look like with your interpretation, and it is much more clear now.