Ensure unlogged tables are reset even if crash recovery errors out.

Unlogged relations are reset at the end of crash recovery as they're
only synced to disk during a proper shutdown. Unfortunately that and
later steps can fail, e.g. due to running out of space. This reset
was, up to now performed after marking the database as having finished
crash recovery successfully. As out of space errors trigger a crash
restart that could lead to the situation that not all unlogged
relations are reset.

Once that happend usage of unlogged relations could yield errors like
"could not open file "...": No such file or directory". Luckily
clusters that show the problem can be fixed by performing a immediate
shutdown, and starting the database again.

To fix, just call ResetUnloggedRelations(UNLOGGED_RELATION_INIT)
earlier, before marking the database as having successfully recovered.

Discussion: 20140912112246.GA4984@alap3.anarazel.de

Backpatch to 9.1 where unlogged tables were introduced.

Abhijit Menon-Sen and Andres Freund
Sync unlogged relations to disk after they have been reset.

Unlogged relations are only reset when performing a unclean
restart. That means they have to be synced to disk during clean
shutdowns. During normal processing that's achieved by registering a
buffer's file to be fsynced at the next checkpoint when flushed. But
ResetUnloggedRelations() doesn't go through the buffer manager, so
nothing will force reset relations to disk before the next shutdown
checkpoint.

So just make ResetUnloggedRelations() fsync the newly created main
forks to disk.

Discussion: 20140912112246.GA4984@alap3.anarazel.de

Backpatch to 9.1 where unlogged tables were introduced.

Abhijit Menon-Sen and Andres Freund
Fix initdb --sync-only to also sync tablespaces.

630cd14426dc added initdb --sync-only, for use by pg_upgrade, by just
exposing the existing fsync code. That's wrong, because initdb so far
had absolutely no reason to deal with tablespaces.

Fix --sync-only by additionally explicitly syncing each of the
tablespaces.

Backpatch to 9.3 where --sync-only was introduced.

Abhijit Menon-Sen and Andres Freund