block: row: add magic values.

Signed-off-by: franciscofranco <franciscofranco.1990@gmail.com>
block: cfq: tuning and burning
Change KEXEC_HB_KERNEL_LOC

Reduces the boot speed on secondary ROM from 40 to 25 seconds
fs: sync: Make sync() satisfy many requests with one invocation

Dave Jones reported RCU stalls, overly long hrtimer interrupts, and
amazingly long NMI handlers from a trinity-induced workload involving
lots of concurrent sync() calls (https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/7/23/369).
There are any number of things that one might do to make sync() behave
better under high levels of contention, but it is also the case that
multiple concurrent sync() system calls can be satisfied by a single
sys_sync() invocation.

Given that this situation is reminiscent of rcu_barrier(), this commit
applies the rcu_barrier() approach to sys_sync().  This approach uses
a global mutex and a sequence counter.  The mutex is held across the
sync() operation, which eliminates contention between concurrent sync()
operations.  The counter is incremented at the beginning and end of
each sync() operation, so that it is odd while a sync() operation is in
progress and even otherwise, just like sequence locks.

The code that used to be in sys_sync() is now in do_sync(), and sys_sync()
now handles the concurrency.  The sys_sync() function first takes a
snapshot of the counter, then acquires the mutex, and then takes another
snapshot of the counter.  If the values of the two snapshots indicate that
a full do_sync() executed during the mutex acquisition, the sys_sync()
function releases the mutex and returns ("Our work is done!").  Otherwise,
sys_sync() increments the counter, invokes do_sync(), and increments
the counter again.

This approach allows a single call to do_sync() to satisfy an arbitrarily
large number of sync() system calls, which should eliminate issues due
to large numbers of concurrent invocations of the sync() system call.

Changes since v1 (https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/7/24/683):

o	Add a pair of memory barriers to keep the increments from
	bleeding into the do_sync() code.  (The failure probability
	is insanely low, but when you have several hundred million
	devices running Linux, you can expect several hundred instances
	of one-in-a-million failures.)

o	Actually CC some people who have experience in this area.

Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Curt Wohlgemuth <curtw@google.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org

Signed-off-by: Paul Reioux <reioux@gmail.com>
block: bfq: Squashed update from BFQ-v7r4 to BFQ-v7r5

Change-Id: I749ef141246db7020cec0b10d980ec854a572603
bfq-iosched: Tuning for SSD
bfq-iosched: Set bfq_back_penalty = 1
Add /dev/frandom support

Signed-off-by: flar2 <asegaert@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
CHROMIUM: clocksource: allow clocksources to be selected earlier during boot

Global and per-CPU timers ought to be initialized once SMP initialization
is complete.  Although the clocksources associated with these timers may
not be registered until later in the boot process, they should be ready
to go once registered.  We'd like to stop using the super low-resolution
boot clocksource (jiffies) as soon as possible since devices may rely on
accurate timekeeping while being brought up during boot, so move
clocksource_done_booting() to arch_initcall time so that we can switch
to a higher-resolution clocksrouce earlier in the boot process.

TEST=Pit and Lumpy both still boot reliably.  Boot time on Pit improves
considerably:
Before: [    3.032967] VFS: Mounted root ...
After:  [    1.855936] VFS: Mounted root ...
Lumpy boot time improves very slightly:
Before: [    1.786347] VFS: Mounted root ...
After:  [    1.754297] VFS: Mounted root ...

Signed-off-by: Andrew Bresticker <abrestic@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Sonny Rao <sonnyrao@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Sameer Nanda <snanda@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis Cruz <ljc2491@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pranav Vashi <neobuddy89@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
kernel/fork.c: make dup_mm() static

dup_mm() is used only in kernel/fork.c

Signed-off-by: Daeseok Youn <daeseok.youn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Pranav Vashi <neobuddy89@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
mm/ksm.c: use new hashtable implementation

Switch ksm to use the new hashtable implementation.  This reduces the
amount of generic unrelated code in the ksm module.

Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Luis Cruz <ljc2491@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pranav Vashi <neobuddy89@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
ext4: remove unused ac_ex_scanned

When looking at a bug report with:

> kernel: EXT4-fs: 0 scanned, 0 found

I thought wow, 0 scanned, that's odd?  But it's not odd; it's printing
a variable that is initialized to 0 and never touched again.

It's never been used since the original merge, so I don't really even
know what the original intent was, either.

If anyone knows how to hook it up, speak now via patch, otherwise just
yank it so it's not making a confusing situation more confusing in
kernel logs.

Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
ext4: address a benign compiler warning

When !defined(CONFIG_EXT4_DEBUG), mb_debug() should be defined as a
no_printk() statement instead of an empty statement in order to suppress
the following compiler warning:

fs/ext4/mballoc.c: In function ‘ext4_mb_cleanup_pa’:
fs/ext4/mballoc.c:2659:47: warning: suggest braces around empty body in an ‘if’ statement [-Wempty-body]
   mb_debug(1, "mballoc: %u PAs left\n", count);

Signed-off-by: Patrick Palka <patrick@parcs.ath.cx>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
ext4: remove unreachable code in ext4_can_extents_be_merged()

Commit ec22ba8e ("ext4: disable merging of uninitialized extents")
ensured that if either extent under consideration is uninit, we
decline to merge, and immediately return.

But right after that test, we test again for an uninit
extent; we can never hit this.  So just remove the impossible
test and associated variable.

Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Zheng Liu <wenqing.lz@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
ext4: remove unreachable code after ext4_can_extents_be_merged()

Commit ec22ba8e ("ext4: disable merging of uninitialized extents")
ensured that if either extent under consideration is uninit, we
decline to merge, and ext4_can_extents_be_merged() returns false.

So there is no need for the caller to then test whether the
extent under consideration is unitialized; if it were, we
wouldn't have gotten that far.

The comments were also inaccurate; ext4_can_extents_be_merged()
no longer XORs the states, it fails if *either* is uninit.

Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Reviewed-by: Zheng Liu <wenqing.lz@taobao.com>
Signed-off-by: Chet Kener <Cl3Kener@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>

Conflicts:
	fs/ext4/extents.c

Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
ext4: optimize test_root()

The test_root() function could potentially loop forever due to
overflow issues.  So rewrite test_root() to avoid this issue; as a
bonus, it is 38% faster when benchmarked via a test loop:

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int  i;

	for (i = 0; i < 1 << 24; i++) {
		if (test_root(i, 7))
			printf("%d\n", i);
	}
}

Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
ext4: collapse a single extent tree block into the inode if possible

If an inode has more than 4 extents, but then later some of the
extents are merged together, we can optimize the file system by moving
the extents up into the inode, and discarding the extent tree block.
This is important, because if there are a large number of inodes with
an external extent tree blocks where the contents could fit in the
inode, this can significantly increase the fsck time of the file
system.

Google-Bug-Id: 6801242

Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Pranav Vashi <neobuddy89@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Joao Paulo <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
ext4: don't load the block bitmap for block groups which have no space

Add a short circuit check to ext4_mb_group_group() so that we don't
bother to load the block bitmap for a block group which does not have
any space available.  (Or which does not have enough space until we
are in desperation mode, i.e., when cr == 3.)

Resolves-bug: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=45741
Reported-by: mirek@me.com
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Pranav Vashi <neobuddy89@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Joao Paulo <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
[PATCH] ipv6: fix 'ipv6_recv_error' and 'ipv6_chk_addr' assignment from incompatible pointer type

Signed-off-by: Joao Paulo <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: TomorrowLandAce <joaolrpaulo@gmail.com>
def: add frandom