suppress null termination when fgets reads EOF with no data

the C standard requires that "the contents of the array remain
unchanged" in this case.

this patch also changes the behavior on read errors, but in that case
"the array contents are indeterminate", so the application cannot
inspect them anyway.
fix multiple stdio functions' behavior on zero-length operations

previously, fgets, fputs, fread, and fwrite completely omitted locking
and access to the FILE object when their arguments yielded a zero
length read or write operation independent of the FILE state. this
optimization was invalid; it wrongly skipped marking the stream as
byte-oriented (a C conformance bug) and exposed observably missing
synchronization (a POSIX conformance bug) where one of these functions
could wrongly complete despite another thread provably holding the
lock.
remove an extra layer of buffer copying in getnameinfo reverse dns

the outer getnameinfo function already has a properly-sized temporary
buffer for storing the reverse dns (ptr) result. there is no reason
for the callback to use a secondary buffer and copy it on success, and
doing so potentially expanded the impact of the dn_expand bug that was
fixed in commit 49d2c8c6bcf8c926e52c7f510033b6adc31355f5.

this change reduces the code size by a small amount, and also reduces
the run-time stack space requirements by about 256 bytes.
make non-waiting paths of sem_[timed]wait and pthread_join cancelable

per POSIX these functions are both cancellation points, so they must
act on any cancellation request which is pending prior to the call.
previously, only the code path where actual waiting took place could
act on cancellation.
fix case mapping for U+00DF (ß)

U+00DF ('ß') has had an uppercase form (U+1E9E) available since
Unicode 5.1, but Unicode lacks the case mappings for it due to
stability policy. when I added support for the new character in commit
1a63a9fc30e7a1f1239e3cedcb5041e5ec1c5351, I omitted the mapping in the
lowercase-to-uppercase direction. this choice was not based on any
actual information, only assumptions.

this commit adds bidirectional case mappings between U+00DF and
U+1E9E, and removes the special-case hack that allowed U+00DF to be
identified as lowecase despite lacking a mapping. aside from strong
evidence that this is the "right" behavior for real-world usage of
these characters, several factors informed this decision:

- the other "potentially correct" mapping, to "SS", is not
  representable in the C case-mapping system anyway.

- leaving one letter in lowercase form when transforming a string to
  uppercase is obviously wrong.

- having a character which is nominally lowercase but which is fixed
  under case mapping violates reasonable invariants.
remove incorrect and useless check in network service name lookup code

the condition was probably intended to be !*p rather than !p, but
neither is needed here. the subsequent code naturally handles the case
where it's already at end of string.
fix potential read past end of buffer in getnameinfo service name lookup

if the loop stopped due to reaching the end of the string, the
subsequent increment could possibly move the position one past the end
of the buffer. no further writes happen, the reads cannot fault anyway
unless the stack completely lacks any zero bytes, and reading junk
should not yield an incorrect result from the function either.
nonetheless the code was wrong and needs to be fixed.
fix off-by-one in bounds check in fpathconf

this error resulted in an out-of-bounds read, as opposed to a reported
error, when calling the function with an argument one greater than the
max valid index.
fix memory leak in regexec when input contains illegal sequence
add missing legacy LFS *64 symbol aliases

versionsort64, aio*64 and lio*64 symbols were missing, they are
only needed for glibc ABI compatibility, on the source level
dirent.h and aio.h already redirect them.
fix macros for LFS *64_t types in sys/stat.h, sys/types.h, glob.h

there is no blksize64_t (blksize_t is always long) but there are
fsblkcnt64_t and fsfilcnt64_t types in sys/stat.h and sys/types.h.
and glob.h missed glob64_t.