[Game API] Remove name and version calls

This follows the removal of extensions and support flags. These fields are
provided by addon.xml, so let's avoid duplicate information.
[games] Remove name and version calls from the Game API

Also, because name and version calls are no longer performed,
GetAddonProperties() now only logs information, and has been renamed to
LogAddonProperties().
[RetroPlayer] Name and version calls have been removed from the Game API
[libretro] Name and version calls have been removed from the Game API