build a static cockroach binary...

...and went a bit down the rabbit hole with regards to building a statically
linked deploy docker image. I'm not much of a C/C++ compiling/linking expert
so I absolutely cannot guarantee that everything done here is sane.

There were a couple of road blocks but I ended up getting there (based on
busybox), and in this version we even compile statically linked test binaries
which are run against (but not included in) the deploy image at build time.
The resulting image runs at about 50MB, 45 of which is our binary.
All the tests pass, and you can put this image into `make acceptance` and it
works like a charm.
However, a few nasty things are left over:

* looking up users from the OS will fail on the static image (not sure we're
  using this right now, but that also triggers a warning on each static build)
* building tests statically doesn't work the same way for all of the packages:
  `gossip`, for instance, will still link to libpthread dynamically no matter
  what. Interestingly enough, using CGO_ENABLED=0 and thus the Go linker, it
  will be ok. Since luckily none of those packages actually needs CGO, I was
  able to hack it into the Makefile by rebuilding all offending tests.
  That's certainly not beautiful.
* I have to build with `-tags netgo` to avoid having the binary try to go
  through glibc (or something like that) and not be able to do networking.
  Not sure if that has any (performance?) implications at all.
* Building `testrace` statically will not work. The test harness Go uses
  to make all the magic happen is probably too complex. I think there were
  errors about libpthread again.

Here's roughly what happens in this change:
* rename Docker image: cockroachdb/cockroach -> cockroachdb/cockroach-dev
* new Docker image cockroachdb/cockroach (deployable statically linked)
* vendored in everything that was left: bz2, zlib, protobuf
* build only static libs for vendored dependency
* you can run `make STATIC=1 {build,testbuild}` and get static files
* moved all build-related things into build/
* renamed "deploy" to "run"
* can supply COCKROACH_IMAGE variable to run/local-cluster.sh
* updated the READMEs (hopefully in all relevant places)
make Docker 1.2 happy
CircleCI: build deploy image
Added support for Protobuf codec and moved RPC system to it.

The support is a modified version of the protorpc package at:
http://godoc.org/code.google.com/p/protorpc.

Our version is modified to support gogoprotobuf. Eventually we'd
like to remove the rpc/codec subpackage and use gogoprotobuf's
implementation. I've started a thread with them for support.
Added tests and updated TODO.md
update godeps with snappy
Added generated .pb.go files
Mergeable Time Series Data

This commit defines a new "TimeSeriesData" message which is used to record time
series data in an efficient way.  It also defines a custom "merge" operation for
TimeSeriesData within our existing RocksDB MergeOperator.

Background:
A "Time Series" is a set of data samples taken from the same statistic at
different points in time - for example, a common use of Time Series is the
recording of metrics for an application. Because of specialized query
requirements and necessarily high write performance, many specialized Database
solutions have been created specifically to handle Time Series data.

In Cockroach, multiple samples of a single statistic will be stored at a single
key; a key will contain all samples taken from a metric during over a well
defined time period such as a wall-clock hour. Based on our research into other
TS database solutions, this grouping is very effective in improving read
performance.

High write performance is enabled by creating a custom Merge operation for Time
Series data.  Whenever metric data samples are written, a Merge operation is
utilized instead of a put; for example, a single metric source will merge
samples into the same key at several points over the course of an hour.  The
resulting "merged" value will appear as if all samples had been written together
as a single value.
fix race in rpc heartbeat test
Merge pull request #164 from cockroachdb/mtracy/add_time_series

Mergeable Time Series Data
Merge pull request #165 from cockroachdb/spencerkimball/proto-codec

Added support for Protobuf codec and moved RPC system to it.
Always start/stop Range background goroutines via the Store.

Rename Store.Init and Close to Start and Stop to match other
methods that manage background goroutines.

This change ensures that we are always calling Store.Start
(and hopefully always calling Store.Stop, although I haven't
verified that we have 100% coverage), in preparation for
adding a new Store-level background goroutine.
Merge pull request #167 from bdarnell/store-start-stop

Always start/stop Range background goroutines via the Store.
address @spencerkimball's comments
CircleCI: add dummy deployment section
Merge remote-tracking branch 'cockroachdb/master' into staticbinary
fix Dockerfile
Update README.md

Added link to slides and to the technical talk presentation at Yelp!.
Fix golint by changing var retryOpts formulation; add a comment to store.CreateRaftGroup
Merge pull request #162 from tschottdorf/staticbinary

build a static cockroach binary