Fix rustdoc --passes list

Allow "rustdoc --passes list" to work without specifying input files,
as shown in the examples section of the man page.
Guide: fix headings
auto merge of #15884 : steveklabnik/rust/guide_fix_headings, r=huonw

I screwed this up a while back, and now that I have no outstanding PRs, it's a good time to fix this.
auto merge of #15888 : mprobinson/rust/rustdoc-fixes, r=cmr

Allow "rustdoc --passes list" to work without specifying input files,
as shown in the examples section of the man page.
Main example for priority queue using dijkstra's algorithm.
auto merge of #15857 : treeman/rust/doc-dijkstra-example, r=alexcrichton

I wanted to have a slightly larger example compared to the method examples, but I'm unsure how it worked out.

Feedback would nice.
Remove OwnedStr trait

This trait was only implemented by `String`. It provided the methods
`into_bytes` and `append`, both of which **are already implemented as normal
methods** of `String` (not as trait methods). This change improves the
consistency of strings.

This shouldn't break any code, except if somebody has implemented
`OwnedStr` for a user-defined type.
Deprecated `str::raw::from_c_str`

Use `string::raw::from_buf` instead

[breaking-change]
Deprecated `str::raw::from_utf8_owned`

Replaced by `string::raw::from_utf8`

[breaking-change]
Deprecated `str::raw::from_byte`

Use `string:raw::from_utf8` instead

[breaking-change]
Deprecated `str::raw::from_buf_len`

Replaced by `string::raw::from_buf_len`

[breaking-change]
Deprecated `String::from_raw_parts`

Replaced by `string::raw::from_parts`

[breaking-change]
Fix travis errors
Add `string::raw::from_buf`