fix(select): assign result of track exp to element value

Fixes a regression where the option/select values would always be set to
the key or index of a value within the corresponding collection. Prior to
some 1.3.0 refactoring, the result of the track expression would be bound
to the value, but this behavior was not documented or explicitly tested. A
cache was added in order to improve performance getting the associated
value for a given track expression.

This commit adds one explicit test for this behavior, and changes several
other trackBy tests to reflect the desired behavior as well.

Fixes #9592 and it's related to PR #9718 (@jeffbcross)
2 space indentation plz --- this is angular not chromium :p