Implements a credentialprovider library for use by DockerPuller.

This change refactors the way Kubelet's DockerPuller handles the docker config credentials to utilize a new credentialprovider library.

The credentialprovider library is based on several of the files from the Kubelet's dockertools directory, but supports a new pluggable model for retrieving a .dockercfg-compatible JSON blob with credentials.

With this change, the Kubelet will lazily ask for the docker config from a set of DockerConfigProvider extensions each time it needs a credential.

This change provides common implementations of DockerConfigProvider for:
 - "Default": load .dockercfg from disk
 - "Caching": wraps another provider in a cache that expires after a pre-specified lifetime.

GCP-only:
 - "google-dockercfg": reads a .dockercfg from a GCE instance's metadata
 - "google-dockercfg-url": reads a .dockercfg from a URL specified in a GCE instance's metadata.
 - "google-container-registry": reads an access token from GCE metadata into a password field.
Verifying that this test is now covered by TestDockerKeyringFromString below?