Date filtering

Implements date range filtering for unified search. Done in the form of:

`filter_opening_date=from:2013-01-01,to:2013-03-31`

Ticket: https://trello.com/c/4iReFd0W/293-rummager-add-support-for-date-filtering-1

Also extends the behaviour of `ALLOWED_FILTER_FIELDS` to allow filtering by any field in the document type schema.

### TODO

- [ ] Add tests to cover each of the scenarios in the linked ticket (only `from` or `to` provided, rejection of multiple parameters)
I don't like using "filter_param" as the name of the iteration variable here, because it implies that all the things being iterated over are filter_params, whereas only the ones matching the patterns are.  I agree that the iteration variable needed a rename from the undescriptive name "key", though.  I'd suggest just calling it "param", though.