Calendar rebase

This replaces #1281.

Fixed unit tests and cleaner history based on Scott's rebase. Unit tests work in latest FF and Chrome but still fail via grunt. @jzaefferer You mentioned an upcoming improvement for asycTests?
I've noticed oth localization demos do not initialize with German locale. Problem is that Globalize is not configured on init but on select change. The selected option is German, so we need either change the selected option or init Globalize on init.

Is that what you noticed?