Defend against bad relfrozenxid/relminmxid/datfrozenxid/datminmxid values.

In commit a61daa14d56867e90dc011bbba52ef771cea6770, we fixed pg_upgrade so
that it would install sane relminmxid and datminmxid values, but that does
not cure the problem for installations that were already pg_upgraded to
9.3; they'll initially have "1" in those fields.  This is not a big problem
so long as 1 is "in the past" compared to the current nextMultiXact
counter.  But if an installation were more than halfway to the MXID wrap
point at the time of upgrade, 1 would appear to be "in the future" and
that would effectively disable tracking of oldest MXIDs in those
tables/databases, until such time as the counter wrapped around.

While in itself this isn't worse than the situation pre-9.3, where we did
not manage MXID wraparound risk at all, the consequences of premature
truncation of pg_multixact are worse now; so we ought to make some effort
to cope with this.  We discussed advising users to fix the tracking values
manually, but that seems both very tedious and very error-prone.

Instead, this patch adopts two amelioration rules.  First, a relminmxid
value that is "in the future" is allowed to be overwritten with a
full-table VACUUM's actual freeze cutoff, ignoring the normal rule that
relminmxid should never go backwards.  (This essentially assumes that we
have enough defenses in place that wraparound can never occur anymore,
and thus that a value "in the future" must be corrupt.)  Second, if we see
any "in the future" values then we refrain from truncating pg_clog and
pg_multixact.  This prevents loss of clog data until we have cleaned up
all the broken tracking data.  In the worst case that could result in
considerable clog bloat, but in practice we expect that relfrozenxid-driven
freezing will happen soon enough to fix the problem before clog bloat
becomes intolerable.  (Users could do manual VACUUM FREEZEs if not.)

Note that this mechanism cannot save us if there are already-wrapped or
already-truncated-away MXIDs in the table; it's only capable of dealing
with corrupt tracking values.  But that's the situation we have with the
pg_upgrade bug.

For consistency, apply the same rules to relfrozenxid/datfrozenxid.  There
are not known mechanisms for these to get messed up, but if they were, the
same tactics seem appropriate for fixing them.
Adjust cutoff points in newly-added sanity tests.

Per recommendation from Andres.
Release notes for 9.3.5, 9.2.9, 9.1.14, 9.0.18, 8.4.22.
Reject out-of-range numeric timezone specifications.

In commit 631dc390f49909a5c8ebd6002cfb2bcee5415a9d, we started to handle
simple numeric timezone offsets via the zic library instead of the old
CTimeZone/HasCTZSet kluge.  However, we overlooked the fact that the zic
code will reject UTC offsets exceeding a week (which seems a bit arbitrary,
but not because it's too tight ...).  This led to possibly setting
session_timezone to NULL, which results in crashes in most timezone-related
operations as of 9.4, and crashes in a small number of places even before
that.  So check for NULL return from pg_tzset_offset() and report an
appropriate error message.  Per bug #11014 from Duncan Gillis.

Back-patch to all supported branches, like the previous patch.
(Unfortunately, as of today that no longer includes 8.4.)
gitattributes: Ignore time zone data files for whitespace checks

The latest update introduced some funny whitespace, but since they are
externally maintained files, we add them to the list of files to ignore.
Unset some local environment variables in TAP tests

Unset environment variables that control message language, so that we
can compare some program output with expected strings.  This is very
similar to what pg_regress does.
Merge branch 'master' into transition