Attributes description

**For review ONLY – do not merge**

This Pull Request proposes the way to describe **Resource**, **Action** and arbitrary **message-body** attributes in a reusable way. It also proposes the introduction of "data dictionary" to API Blueprint. In addition changes in this PR suggest that, if a message-body data structure is fully described using the attributes description, an explicit example asset (e.g. a JSON blob) is not needed and can be omitted from a blueprint. 

Please read (and review) following examples:

- [Attributes](https://github.com/apiaryio/api-blueprint/blob/zdne/attributes-description/examples/08.%20Attributes.md)
- [Advanced Attributes](https://github.com/apiaryio/api-blueprint/blob/zdne/attributes-description/examples/09.%20Advanced%20Attributes.md)
- [Data Structures](https://github.com/apiaryio/api-blueprint/blob/zdne/attributes-description/examples/10.%20Data%20Structures.md)

Also, in particular, read (and review) following sections of API Blueprint Specification

- [Attributes section](https://github.com/apiaryio/api-blueprint/blob/zdne/attributes-description/API%20Blueprint%20Specification.md#def-attributes-section)
- [Data Structures section](https://github.com/apiaryio/api-blueprint/blob/zdne/attributes-description/API%20Blueprint%20Specification.md#def-data-structures)

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### Update 
Added description of Attributes section in 

- [Resource section](https://github.com/apiaryio/api-blueprint/blob/c785fef34482fe07e72cb945fb81cd306f881b72/API%20Blueprint%20Specification.md#def-resource-section)
- [Action section](https://github.com/apiaryio/api-blueprint/blob/c785fef34482fe07e72cb945fb81cd306f881b72/API%20Blueprint%20Specification.md#def-action-section)

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This PR closes #25 
Addressed I am incorrectly mixing the terms "sub-type" and "base type" when I think about "parent types".