Per-thread allocation counters and limits

This tracks the amount of memory allocation by each thread in a
counter stored in the TSO.  Optionally, when the counter drops below
zero (it counts down), the thread can be sent an asynchronous
exception: AllocationLimitExceeded.  When this happens, given a small
additional limit so that it can handle the exception.  See
documentation in GHC.Conc for more details.

Allocation limits are similar to timeouts, but

  - timeouts use real time, not CPU time.  Allocation limits do not
    count anything while the thread is blocked or in foreign code.

  - timeouts don't re-trigger if the thread catches the exception,
    allocation limits do.

  - timeouts can catch non-allocating loops, if you use
    -fno-omit-yields.  This doesn't work for allocation limits.

I couldn't measure any impact on benchmarks with these changes, even
for nofib/smp.