net/http: make Client.Timeout return net.Error errors indicating timeout

Co-hacking with Dave Cheney.

Fixes #9405

Change-Id: I14fc3b6a47dcdb5e514e93d062b804bb24e89f47
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/1875
Reviewed-by: Dave Cheney <dave@cheney.net>