Cache GELI passphrases entered at the console during the boot process,
in order to improve user-friendliness when a system has multiple disks
encrypted using the same passphrase.

When examining a new GELI provider, the most recently used passphrase
will be attempted before prompting for a passphrase; and whenever a
passphrase is entered, it is cached for later reference.  When the root
disk is mounted, the cached passphrase is zeroed (triggered by the
"mountroot" event), in order to minimize the possibility of leakage
of passphrases.  (After root is mounted, the "taste and prompt for
passphrases on the console" code path is disabled, so there is no
potential for a passphrase to be stored after the zeroing takes place.)

This behaviour can be disabled by setting kern.geom.eli.boot_passcache=0.

Reviewed by:	pjd, dteske, allanjude
MFC after:	7 days
The MTU is handled as a 32-bit entity within the SCTP stack.
This was reported by Peter Kasting from Google.

MFC after: 3 days
Fix Denial of Service in TCP packet processing.

Submitted by:	glebius
Security:	FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp
Make a type conversion explicit. When compiling this code on
Windows as part of the SCTP userland stack, this fixes a
warning reported by Peter Kasting from Google.

MFC after: 3 days
FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp raised attention to the state of our stack
towards blind SYN/RST spoofed attack.

Originally our stack used in-window checks for incoming SYN/RST
as proposed by RFC793. Later, circa 2003 the RST attack was
mitigated using the technique described in P. Watson
"Slipping in the window" paper [1].

After that, the checks were only relaxed for the sake of
compatibility with some buggy TCP stacks. First, r192912
introduced the vulnerability, just fixed by aforementioned SA.
Second, r167310 had slightly relaxed the default RST checks,
instead of utilizing net.inet.tcp.insecure_rst sysctl.

In 2010 a new technique for mitigation of these attacks was
proposed in RFC5961 [2]. The idea is to send a "challenge ACK"
packet to the peer, to verify that packet arrived isn't spoofed.
If peer receives challenge ACK it should regenerate its RST or
SYN with correct sequence number. This should not only protect
against attacks, but also improve communication with broken
stacks, so authors of reverted r167310 and r192912 won't be
disappointed.

[1] http://bandwidthco.com/whitepapers/netforensics/tcpip/TCP Reset Attacks.pdf
[2] http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5961.txt

Changes made:

o Revert r167310.
o Implement "challenge ACK" protection as specificed in RFC5961
  against RST attack. On by default.
  - Carefully preserve r138098, which handles empty window edge
    case, not described by the RFC.
  - Update net.inet.tcp.insecure_rst description.
o Implement "challenge ACK" protection as specificed in RFC5961
  against SYN attack. On by default.
  - Provide net.inet.tcp.insecure_syn sysctl, to turn off
    RFC5961 protection.

The changes were tested at Netflix. The tested box didn't show
any anomalies compared to control box, except slightly increased
number of TCP connection in LAST_ACK state.

Reviewed by:	rrs
Sponsored by:	Netflix
Sponsored by:	Nginx, Inc.
Small cleanup which addresses a warning regaring the truncation
of a 64-bit entity to a 32-bit entity. This issue was reported by
Peter Kasting from Google.

MFC after: 3 days
Use a consistent type for the number of HMAC algorithms.
This fixes a bug which resulted in a warning on the userland
stack, when compiled on Windows.
Thanks to Peter Kasting from Google for reporting the issue and
provinding a potential fix.

MFC after: 3 days
Add a explict cast to silence a warning when building
the userland stack on Windows.
This issue was reported by Peter Kasting from Google.

MFC after: 3 days
Fix source address selection on unbound sockets in the presence of multiple
fibs. Use the mbuf's or the socket's fib instead of RT_ALL_FIBS. Fixes PR
187553. Also fixes netperf's UDP_STREAM test on a nondefault fib.

sys/netinet/ip_output.c
	In ip_output, lookup the source address using the mbuf's fib instead
	of RT_ALL_FIBS.

sys/netinet/in_pcb.c
	in in_pcbladdr, lookup the source address using the socket's fib,
	because we don't seem to have the mbuf fib. They should be the same,
	though.

tests/sys/net/fibs_test.sh
	Clear the expected failure on udp_dontroute.

PR:		187553
CR:		https://reviews.freebsd.org/D772
MFC after:	3 weeks
Sponsored by:	Spectra Logic
Catch up with Crochet changes to fix the BEAGLEBONE
build.

Tested on:	stable/10@r271618
MFC after:	3 days
X-10.1-MFC:	yes
Sponsored by:	The FreeBSD Foundation
Catch up with Crochet changes to fix the WANDBOARD-QUAD
build.

Tested on:	stable/10@r271618
MFC after:	3 days
X-10.1-MFC:	yes
X-MFC-With:	r271676
Sponsored by:	The FreeBSD Foundation
Set a static revision of the Crochet checkout to avoid
surprise build failures.

MFC after:	3 days
X-10.1-MFC:	yes
X-MFC-With:	r271676, r271677
Sponsored by:	The FreeBSD Foundation
Merge atse(4) interrupt handling and race condition fixes from cheribsd:

commit 8bd88585ed8e3f7def0d780a1bc30d96fe642b9c

    Rework atse_rx_cycles handling: count packets instead of fills, and use the
    limit only when polling, not when in interrupt mode.  Otherwise, we may
    stop reading the FIFO midpacket and clear the event mask even though the
    FIFO still has data to read, which could stall receive when a large packet
    arrives.  Add a comment about races in the Altera FIFO interface: we may
    need to do a little more work to handle races than we are.

commit 20b39086cc612f8874dc9e6ef4c0c2eb777ba92a

    Use 'sizeof(data)' rather than '4' when checking an mbuf bound, as is the
    case for adjusting length/etc.

commit e18953174a265f40e9ba60d76af7d288927f5382

    Break out atse_intr() into two separate routines, one for each of the two
    interrupt sources: receive and transmit.

commit 6deedb43246ab3f9f597918361831fbab7fac4ce

    For the RX interrupt, take interest only in ALMOSTEMPTY and OVERFLOW.
    For the TX interrupt, take interest only in ALMOSTFULL and UNDERFLOW.

    Perform TX atse_start_locked() once rather than twice in TX interrupt
    handling -- and only if !FULL, rather than unconditionally.

commit 12601972ba08d4380201a74f5b967bdaeb23092c

    Experimentation suggests that the Altera Triple-Speed Ethernet documentation
    is incorrect and bits in the event and interrupt-enable registers are not
    irrationally rearranged relative to the status register.

commit 3cff2ffad769289fce3a728152e7be09405385d8

    Substantially rework interrupt handling in the atse(4) driver:

    - Introduce a new macro ATSE_TX_PENDING() which checks whether there is
      any pending data to transmit, either in an in-progress packet or in
      the TX queue.
    - Introduce new ATSE_RX_STATUS_READ() and ATSE_TX_STAUTS_WRITE() macros
      that query the FIFO status registers rather than event registers,
      offering level- rather than edge-triggered FIFO conditions.
    - For RX, interrupt only on full/overflow/underflow; for TX, interrupt
      only on empty/overflow/underflow.
    - Add new ATSE_RX_INTR_READ() and ATSE_RX_INTR_WRITE() macros useful for
      debugging interrupt behaviour.
    - Add a debug.atse_intr_debug_enable sysctl that causes various pieces
      of FIFO state to be printed out on each RX or TX interrupt.  This is
      disabled by default but good to turn on if the interface appears to
      wedge.  Also print debugging information when polling.
    - In the watchdog handler, do receive, not just transmit, processing, to
      ensure that the rx, not just tx, queue is being handled -- and, in
      particular, will be drained such that interrupts can resume.
    - Rework both atse_rx_intr() and atse_tx_intr() to eliminate many race
      conditions, and add comments on why various things are in various
      orders.  Interactions between modifications to the event and interrupt
      masks are quite subtle indeed, and we must actively check for a number
      of races (e.g., event mask cleared; packet arrives; interrupts enabled).
      We also now use the status registers rather than event registers for
      FIFO status checks to avoid other races; we continue to use event
      registers for underflow/overflow.

    With this change, interrupt-driven operation of atse appears (for the
    time being) robust.

commit 3393bbff5c68a4e61699f9b4a62af5d2a5f918f8

    atse: Fix build after 3cff2ffa

Obtained from:	cheribsd
Submitted by:	rwatson, emaste
Sponsored by:	DARPA/AFRL
MFC after:	3 days
Fix some extra whitespace noticed when reviewing git diffs.
Permit MAP_RENAME and MAP_NORESERVE for now.  These flags should be removed, but at least
Chromium and OpenJDK use MAP_NORESERVE.
vt(4): Fix a LOR which occurs during a call to vt_upgrade()

Reported by:	kib@
Review:		https://reviews.freebsd.org/D785
Reviewed by:	ray@
Approved by:	ray@
MFC after:	2 days
vt(4): Use vt_fb_drawrect() and vt_fb_setpixel() in all vt_fb-derivative

Review:		https://reviews.freebsd.org/D789
Reviewed by:	nwhitehorn
Approved by:	nwhitehorn
MFC after:	2 days
Bump __FreeBSD_version after SA-14:19.tcp

Approved by:	re (implicit)
Sponsored by:	The FreeBSD Foundation
Add proper disable/enable hooks to the default scripts so that this is only
run when asked for by the user.  Right now, hv_kvpd is run on every boot.

Don't do that.

Add hv_kvpd_enable= for this script to be run.

MFC with 271493

MFC after:	2 weeks
Relnotes:	yes
Such typo, many email, very spelling.  wow.

MFC with 271688 271493
Submitted by:	ngie ian
MFC after:	2 weeks
Relnotes:	yes