Revert "Bug 70119: Strip style from SVG image"

This is now handled in mathoid by https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/165948

This reverts commit 1b4124109166f5560fcdb64b6477c7994cb9e80b.

Change-Id: Ia8bc6eb6daebc4d28135602f483492b878928565
Merge "Revert "Bug 70119: Strip style from SVG image""