[DOCS] Update geo-shape-type documentation to include all shapes

Update `geo-shape-type.asciidoc` to include all `GeoShapeType`s supported by the `org.elasticsearch.common.geo.builders.ShapeBuilder`.

Changes include:

1. A tabular mapping of GeoJSON types to Elasticsearch types
2. Listing all types, with brief examples, for all supported Elasticsearch types
3. Putting non-standard types to the bottom (really just moving Envelope to the bottom)
4. Linking to all GeoJSON types.
5. Adding whitespace around tightly nested arrays (particularly `multipolygon`) for readability

Closes #5579