Lifetime guide -> ownership guide
std: Remove implicit shrinking from hash_map.

Implements fn shrink_to_fit for HashMap.
std: Change the behavior of `reserve` for HashMap.

HashMap's `reserve` method now takes as an argument the *extra* space
to reserve.

[breaking-change]
Treat builtin bounds like all other kinds of trait matches. Introduce a simple hashset in the fulfillment context to catch cases where we register the exact same obligation twice. This helps prevent duplicate error reports but also handles the recursive obligations created by builtin bounds.
Correct various compile-fail tests. Most of the changes are because we
now don't print duplicate errors within one context, so I sometimes
had to break functions into two functions.
FIXME(#19481) -- workaround valgrind cleanup failure (but the code is nicer this way anyhow)
New Guide: Ownership

This replaces the previous "Lifetimes guide," since we are discussing
things from an owernship perspective now.
test: Ignore issue-19501 pretty for now

I don't have enough time to investigate this thoroughly, so for now let's get
the queue moving by ignoring this test.

cc #19501
auto merge of #19502 : alexcrichton/rust/issue-19501, r=sfackler

I don't have enough time to investigate this thoroughly, so for now let's get
the queue moving by ignoring this test.

cc #19501
whitespace cleanup
rustup: make rustup executable
rustup: probe for the existance of tar
rustup: add a RUST_ prefix to the rust-specific variables
rustup: rename TMP_DIR to CFG_TMP_DIR
rustup: factor out the install flags into a CFG_INSTALL_FLAGS variable
auto merge of #18749 : nikomatsakis/rust/builtin-bounds-like-other-traits, r=pcwalton

Treat builtin bounds like all other kinds of trait matches. Introduce a simple hashset in the fulfillment context to catch cases where we register the exact same obligation twice. This helps prevent duplicate error reports but also handles the recursive obligations created by builtin bounds.

r? @pcwalton 
cc @FlaPer87
rustup: factor out downloading and extracting the snapshot tarballs
rustup: factor out installing packages into a function
rustup: rewrite to protect against truncation

This closes #19168. It's possible that if the downloading of `rustup.sh`
is interrupted, bad things could happen, such as running a naked
"rm -rf /" instead of "rm -rf /path/to/tmpdir". This wraps rustup.sh's
functionality in a function that gets called at the last time that should
protect us from these truncation errors.
rustup: extract the tarballs as part of installation