[Design] Fix for #975 - Implementing IActionConstraint and ActionMethodSelectorAt...

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IActionConstraint follows a provider model similar to filters. The
attributes that go on actions/controllers can be simple metadata markers,
the 'real' constraint is provided by a set of configurable providers. In
general the simplest thing to do is to be both an
IActionConstraintMetadata and IActionConstraint, and then the default
provider will take care of you.

IActionConstraint now has stages based on the Order property. Each group
of constraints with the same Order will run together on the set of
actions. This process is repeated for each value of Order until we run out
of actions or run out of constraints.

The IActionConstraint interface is beefier than the equivalent in legacy
MVC. This is to support cooperative coding between sets of constraints
that know about each other. See the changes in the sample, which implement
webapi-style overloading.
For example, we could detect IActionContraint explicitly and wrap it in a ConstantActionConstraintFactory. That way the user deals only with IActionConstraintFactory and he only needs to implement IActionConstraint or IActionConstraintFactory but not IActionConstraint and IActionConstraintMetadata.