[WIP] Effects Update 1

This PR hopes to reestablish some of the basic moddability of effects that my old health PR attempted to accomplish before becoming bogged down.

Edit: Segfaults fixed as best I can tell, thanks to BevapDin for helping to track down some of them!
Specifically this spot never appears to actually push back anything to decay_msgs properly, meaning when I check it in decay() decay_msgs.size() = 0.