Add tilePixelRatio option to ol.source.XYZ for #1905

This PR adds a tilePixelRatio option to ol.source.XYZ, where it was still missing.

It contains an example demonstrating the functionality. Code is inspired by #2216 (thanks @elemoine).

The discussion at #1905 about "High DPI (Retina) support for raster tile layers" is with this solved (but the MapBox specific ol.tilegrid).
See #2313 for `ol.proj.transformExtent`.