a demo
write the last action to /usr/share/info/dir
File: dir,	Node: Top	This is the top of the INFO tree

  This (the Directory node) gives a menu of major topics.
  Typing "q" exits, "?" lists all Info commands, "d" returns here,
  "h" gives a primer for first-timers,
  "mEmacs<Return>" visits the Emacs manual, etc.

  In Emacs, you can click mouse button 2 on a menu item or cross reference
  to select it.

* Menu:

Archiving
* Shar utilities: (sharutils).  Shell archiver, uuencode/uudecode.

Basics
* Common options: (coreutils)Common options.
* Coreutils: (coreutils).       Core GNU (file, text, shell) utilities.
* Date input formats: (coreutils)Date input formats.
* Ed: (ed).                     The GNU line editor
* File permissions: (coreutils)File permissions.
                                Access modes.
* Finding files: (find).        Operating on files matching certain criteria.

C++ libraries
* autosprintf: (autosprintf).   Support for printf format strings in C++.

Compression
* Gzip: (gzip).                 General (de)compression of files (lzw).

Development
* SSIP: (ssip).                 Speech Synthesis Interface Protocol.
* Speech Dispatcher: (speech-dispatcher).
                                Speech Dispatcher.

DOS
* Mtools: (mtools).             Mtools: utilities to access DOS disks in Unix.

Editors
* nano: (nano).                 Small and friendly text editor.

GNU Gettext Utilities
* autopoint: (gettext)autopoint Invocation.
                                Copy gettext infrastructure.
* envsubst: (gettext)envsubst Invocation.
                                Expand environment variables.
* gettextize: (gettext)gettextize Invocation.
                                Prepare a package for gettext.
* gettext: (gettext).           GNU gettext utilities.
* ISO3166: (gettext)Country Codes.
                                ISO 3166 country codes.
* ISO639: (gettext)Language Codes.
                                ISO 639 language codes.
* msgattrib: (gettext)msgattrib Invocation.
                                Select part of a PO file.
* msgcat: (gettext)msgcat Invocation.
                                Combine several PO files.
* msgcmp: (gettext)msgcmp Invocation.
                                Compare a PO file and template.
* msgcomm: (gettext)msgcomm Invocation.
                                Match two PO files.
* msgconv: (gettext)msgconv Invocation.
                                Convert PO file to encoding.
* msgen: (gettext)msgen Invocation.
                                Create an English PO file.
* msgexec: (gettext)msgexec Invocation.
                                Process a PO file.
* msgfilter: (gettext)msgfilter Invocation.
                                Pipe a PO file through a filter.
* msgfmt: (gettext)msgfmt Invocation.
                                Make MO files out of PO files.
* msggrep: (gettext)msggrep Invocation.
                                Select part of a PO file.
* msginit: (gettext)msginit Invocation.
                                Create a fresh PO file.
* msgmerge: (gettext)msgmerge Invocation.
                                Update a PO file from template.
* msgunfmt: (gettext)msgunfmt Invocation.
                                Uncompile MO file into PO file.
* msguniq: (gettext)msguniq Invocation.
                                Unify duplicates for PO file.
* ngettext: (gettext)ngettext Invocation.
                                Translate a message with plural.
* xgettext: (gettext)xgettext Invocation.
                                Extract strings into a PO file.

GNU Utilities
* gpg: (gnupg1).                OpenPGP encryption and signing tool (v1).

Individual utilities
* aclocal-invocation: (automake-1.14)aclocal Invocation.
                                                Generating aclocal.m4.
* arch: (coreutils)arch invocation.             Print machine hardware name.
* automake-invocation: (automake-1.14)automake Invocation.
                                                Generating Makefile.in.
* base64: (coreutils)base64 invocation.         Base64 encode/decode data.
* basename: (coreutils)basename invocation.     Strip directory and suffix.
* bibtex: (web2c)bibtex invocation.             Maintaining bibliographies.
* cat: (coreutils)cat invocation.               Concatenate and write files.
* chcon: (coreutils)chcon invocation.           Change SELinux CTX of files.
* chgrp: (coreutils)chgrp invocation.           Change file groups.
* chmod: (coreutils)chmod invocation.           Change access permissions.
* chown: (coreutils)chown invocation.           Change file owners and groups.
* chroot: (coreutils)chroot invocation.         Specify the root directory.
* cksum: (coreutils)cksum invocation.           Print POSIX CRC checksum.
* cmp: (diffutils)Invoking cmp.                 Compare 2 files byte by byte.
* comm: (coreutils)comm invocation.             Compare sorted files by line.
* cp: (coreutils)cp invocation.                 Copy files.
* csplit: (coreutils)csplit invocation.         Split by context.
* cut: (coreutils)cut invocation.               Print selected parts of lines.
* date: (coreutils)date invocation.             Print/set system date and time.
* dd: (coreutils)dd invocation.                 Copy and convert a file.
* df: (coreutils)df invocation.                 Report file system disk usage.
* diff: (diffutils)Invoking diff.               Compare 2 files line by line.
* diff3: (diffutils)Invoking diff3.             Compare 3 files line by line.
* dircolors: (coreutils)dircolors invocation.   Color setup for ls.
* dirname: (coreutils)dirname invocation.       Strip last file name component.
* dir: (coreutils)dir invocation.               List directories briefly.
* du: (coreutils)du invocation.                 Report on disk usage.
* dvicopy: (web2c)dvicopy invocation.           Virtual font expansion
* dvitomp: (web2c)dvitomp invocation.           DVI to MPX (MetaPost pictures).
* dvitype: (web2c)dvitype invocation.           DVI to human-readable text.
* echo: (coreutils)echo invocation.             Print a line of text.
* env: (coreutils)env invocation.               Modify the environment.
* expand: (coreutils)expand invocation.         Convert tabs to spaces.
* expr: (coreutils)expr invocation.             Evaluate expressions.
* factor: (coreutils)factor invocation.         Print prime factors
* false: (coreutils)false invocation.           Do nothing, unsuccessfully.
* find: (find)Invoking find.                    Finding and acting on files.
* fmt: (coreutils)fmt invocation.               Reformat paragraph text.
* fold: (coreutils)fold invocation.             Wrap long input lines.
* gftodvi: (web2c)gftodvi invocation.           Generic font proofsheets.
* gftopk: (web2c)gftopk invocation.             Generic to packed fonts.
* gftype: (web2c)gftype invocation.             GF to human-readable text.
* groups: (coreutils)groups invocation.         Print group names a user is in.
* gunzip: (gzip)Overview.                       Decompression.
* gzexe: (gzip)Overview.                        Compress executables.
* head: (coreutils)head invocation.             Output the first part of files.
* hostid: (coreutils)hostid invocation.         Print numeric host identifier.
* hostname: (coreutils)hostname invocation.     Print or set system name.
* id: (coreutils)id invocation.                 Print user identity.
* install: (coreutils)install invocation.       Copy and change attributes.
* join: (coreutils)join invocation.             Join lines on a common field.
* kill: (coreutils)kill invocation.             Send a signal to processes.
* link: (coreutils)link invocation.             Make hard links between files.
* ln: (coreutils)ln invocation.                 Make links between files.
* locate: (find)Invoking locate.                Finding files in a database.
* logname: (coreutils)logname invocation.       Print current login name.
* ls: (coreutils)ls invocation.                 List directory contents.
* md5sum: (coreutils)md5sum invocation.         Print or check MD5 digests.
* mf: (web2c)mf invocation.                     Creating typeface families.
* mft: (web2c)mft invocation.                   Prettyprinting Metafont source.
* mkdir: (coreutils)mkdir invocation.           Create directories.
* mkfifo: (coreutils)mkfifo invocation.         Create FIFOs (named pipes).
* mknod: (coreutils)mknod invocation.           Create special files.
* mktemp: (coreutils)mktemp invocation.         Create temporary files.
* mltex: (web2c)MLTeX.                          Multi-lingual TeX.
* mpost: (web2c)mpost invocation.               Creating technical diagrams.
* mv: (coreutils)mv invocation.                 Rename files.
* nice: (coreutils)nice invocation.             Modify niceness.
* nl: (coreutils)nl invocation.                 Number lines and write files.
* nohup: (coreutils)nohup invocation.           Immunize to hangups.
* nproc: (coreutils)nproc invocation.           Print the number of processors.
* numfmt: (coreutils)numfmt invocation.         Reformat numbers.
* od: (coreutils)od invocation.                 Dump files in octal, etc.
* paste: (coreutils)paste invocation.           Merge lines of files.
* patch: (diffutils)Invoking patch.             Apply a patch to a file.
* patgen: (web2c)patgen invocation.             Creating hyphenation patterns.
* pathchk: (coreutils)pathchk invocation.       Check file name portability.
* pktogf: (web2c)pktogf invocation.             Packed to generic fonts.
* pktype: (web2c)pktype invocation.             PK to human-readable text.
* pltotf: (web2c)pltotf invocation.             Property list to TFM.
* pooltype: (web2c)pooltype invocation.         Display WEB pool files.
* printenv: (coreutils)printenv invocation.     Print environment variables.
* printf: (coreutils)printf invocation.         Format and print data.
* pr: (coreutils)pr invocation.                 Paginate or columnate files.
* ptx: (coreutils)ptx invocation.               Produce permuted indexes.
* pwd: (coreutils)pwd invocation.               Print working directory.
* readlink: (coreutils)readlink invocation.     Print referent of a symlink.
* realpath: (coreutils)readpath invocation.     Print resolved file names.
* rmdir: (coreutils)rmdir invocation.           Remove empty directories.
* rm: (coreutils)rm invocation.                 Remove files.
* runcon: (coreutils)runcon invocation.         Run in specified SELinux CTX.
* sdiff: (diffutils)Invoking sdiff.             Merge 2 files side-by-side.
* seq: (coreutils)seq invocation.               Print numeric sequences
* sha1sum: (coreutils)sha1sum invocation.       Print or check SHA-1 digests.
* sha2: (coreutils)sha2 utilities.              Print or check SHA-2 digests.
* shar: (sharutils)shar Invocation.             Make a shell archive.
* shred: (coreutils)shred invocation.           Remove files more securely.
* shuf: (coreutils)shuf invocation.             Shuffling text files.
* sleep: (coreutils)sleep invocation.           Delay for a specified time.
* sort: (coreutils)sort invocation.             Sort text files.
* split: (coreutils)split invocation.           Split into pieces.
* stat: (coreutils)stat invocation.             Report file(system) status.
* stdbuf: (coreutils)stdbuf invocation.         Modify stdio buffering.
* stty: (coreutils)stty invocation.             Print/change terminal settings.
* sum: (coreutils)sum invocation.               Print traditional checksum.
* sync: (coreutils)sync invocation.             Synchronize memory and disk.
* tac: (coreutils)tac invocation.               Reverse files.
* tail: (coreutils)tail invocation.             Output the last part of files.
* tangle: (web2c)tangle invocation.             WEB to Pascal.
* tee: (coreutils)tee invocation.               Redirect to multiple files.
* test: (coreutils)test invocation.             File/string tests.
* tex: (web2c)tex invocation.                   Typesetting.
* tftopl: (web2c)tftopl invocation.             TFM -> property list.
* time: (time).                                 Run programs and summarize
                                                  system resource usage.
* timeout: (coreutils)timeout invocation.       Run with time limit.
* touch: (coreutils)touch invocation.           Change file timestamps.
* true: (coreutils)true invocation.             Do nothing, successfully.
* truncate: (coreutils)truncate invocation.     Shrink/extend size of a file.
* tr: (coreutils)tr invocation.                 Translate characters.
* tsort: (coreutils)tsort invocation.           Topological sort.
* tty: (coreutils)tty invocation.               Print terminal name.
* uname: (coreutils)uname invocation.           Print system information.
* unexpand: (coreutils)unexpand invocation.     Convert spaces to tabs.
* uniq: (coreutils)uniq invocation.             Uniquify files.
* unlink: (coreutils)unlink invocation.         Removal via unlink(2).
* unshar: (sharutils)unshar Invocation.         Explode a shell archive.
* updatedb: (find)Invoking updatedb.            Building the locate database.
* uptime: (coreutils)uptime invocation.         Print uptime and load.
* users: (coreutils)users invocation.           Print current user names.
* uudecode: (sharutils)uudecode Invocation.     Restore file from 7-bits.
* uuencode: (sharutils)uuencode Invocation.     Force binary file to 7-bits.
* vdir: (coreutils)vdir invocation.             List directories verbosely.
* vftovp: (web2c)vftovp invocation.             Virtual font -> virtual pl.
* vptovf: (web2c)vptovf invocation.             Virtual pl -> virtual font.
* wc: (coreutils)wc invocation.                 Line, word, and byte counts.
* wdiff: (wdiff)wdiff invocation.               Word difference finder.
* weave: (web2c)weave invocation.               WEB to TeX.
* whoami: (coreutils)whoami invocation.         Print effective user ID.
* who: (coreutils)who invocation.               Print who is logged in.
* xargs: (find)Invoking xargs.                  Operating on many files.
* yes: (coreutils)yes invocation.               Print a string indefinitely.
* zcat: (gzip)Overview.                         Decompression to stdout.
* zdiff: (gzip)Overview.                        Compare compressed files.
* zforce: (gzip)Overview.                       Force .gz extension on files.
* zgrep: (gzip)Overview.                        Search compressed files.
* zmore: (gzip)Overview.                        Decompression output by pages.

Kernel
* GRUB: (grub).                 The GRand Unified Bootloader
* grub-dev: (grub-dev).         The GRand Unified Bootloader Dev
* grub-install: (grub)Invoking grub-install.
                                Install GRUB on your drive
* grub-mkconfig: (grub)Invoking grub-mkconfig.
                                Generate GRUB configuration
* grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2: (grub)Invoking grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2.
* grub-mkrelpath: (grub)Invoking grub-mkrelpath.
* grub-mkrescue: (grub)Invoking grub-mkrescue.
                                Make a GRUB rescue image
* grub-mount: (grub)Invoking grub-mount.
                                Mount a file system using GRUB
* grub-probe: (grub)Invoking grub-probe.
                                Probe device information
* grub-script-check: (grub)Invoking grub-script-check.

Libraries
* History: (history).           The GNU history library API.
* RLuserman: (rluserman).       The GNU readline library User's Manual.
* Readline: (readline).         The GNU readline library API.

Man-pages
* Latex2man: (latex2man).       Its Man-Page

Math
* bc: (bc).                     An arbitrary precision calculator language.
* dc: (dc).                     Arbitrary precision RPN "Desktop Calculator".

Network applications
* Wget: (wget).                 Non-interactive network downloader.

Programming
* NASM: (nasm).                 The Netwide Assembler for x86.
* flex: (flex).                 Fast lexical analyzer generator (lex
                                  replacement).

Programming & development tools
* GDBM: (gdbm).                 The GNU database manager.

Software development
* Automake: (automake-1.14).    Making GNU standards-compliant Makefiles.

Sound
* SSIP: (ssip).                 Speech Synthesis Interface Protocol.
* Say for Speech Dispatcher: (spd-say).
                                Say.
* Speech Dispatcher: (speech-dispatcher).
                                Speech Dispatcher.

TeX
* DVI-to-Postscript: (dvips).   Translating TeX DVI files to PostScript.
* EpsPDF: (epspdf).             Portable GUI- and command-line EPS/PS/PDF
                                  conversion
* Kpathsea: (kpathsea).         File lookup along search paths.
* Naming TeX fonts: (fontname). Filenames for TeX fonts.
* TeX Directories: (tds).       A directory structure for TeX files.
* TeXdraw: (texdraw).           A system for producing PostScript drawings
                                  from TeX.
* Web2c: (web2c).               TeX, Metafont, and companion programs.
* afm2tfm: (dvips)Invoking afm2tfm.
                                Making Type 1 fonts available to TeX.
* dvips: (dvips)Invoking Dvips. DVI-to-PostScript translator.
* kpsewhich: (kpathsea)Invoking kpsewhich.
                                TeX file searching.
* mf2pt1: (mf2pt1).             Produce PostScript Type 1 fonts from Metafont
                                  source
* mktexfmt: (kpathsea)mktex scripts.
                                Format (fmt/base/mem) generation.
* mktexlsr: (kpathsea)Filename database.
                                Update ls-R.
* mktexmf: (kpathsea)mktex scripts.
                                MF source generation.
* mktexpk: (kpathsea)mktex scripts.
                                PK bitmap generation.
* mktextex: (kpathsea)mktex scripts.
                                TeX source generation.
* mktextfm: (kpathsea)mktex scripts.
                                TeX font metric generation.

Text creation and manipulation
* Diffutils: (diffutils).       Comparing and merging files.
* M4: (m4).                     A powerful macro processor.
* Word differences: (wdiff).    GNU wdiff and diff related tools.
* grep: (grep).                 Print lines matching a pattern.
* sed: (sed).                   Stream EDitor.
a friendly output