Raft: log storage interface and multinode integration

This branch introduces a pluggable interface for on-disk storage of logs, and brings MultiNode up to date with some upstream changes in the Node interface (the new Advance method). It's still something of a work in progress, but the next step is to implement this interface in cockroach to make sure it meets our needs before pushing it back upstream.

@spencerkimball @cockroachdb/developers 
allEntries is a replacement for older (test-only) code that accessed raftLog.ents directly, including the first entry, so it's deliberate that it returns firstIndex() instead of firstIndex()+1.