test: attempt to make test more hermetic

Add a fake linker in to a sysroot to use for testing the driver's tool
invocation.  Should make the test behave similarly on all platforms.  Addresses
review comments from Reid Kleckner from SVN r220546.

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk@220625 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8