Refactors JS utilities; separates IE concerns

- Removes unused util/util methods.
- Moves cookie code to its own CRUD module.
- Fixes #565 - Removes server-side handling of Google Translate cookie
and consolidates cookie handling in google-translate-manager.
- Moves isTranslated method to google-translate-manager.
- Updates “close” button method to “clear” to go with new naming.
- Pads header popup title text so (x) button doesn’t risk overlapping.
- Gives alert close button min height/width so that size doesn’t change
as (x) icon is loading.
- Implements addEventListener on alert so events can be attached to it
being dismissed.
- Fixes #573 - Creates IE8-specific override stylesheet and pulls :before and :after
selectors out of main stylesheet into this one. Also provides overrides
to elements that have box-shadows but no border by providing a border
instead (alert and popup).
- Updates modernizr custom build to include html5-shiv and include all core features used on the site.
- Removes gsub from requirejs include tag.