Update The-Basics.md

Adding a suggested change to ternary operators where its not actually necessary to use them but is commonly seen.
Update The-Basics.md

Updated to conform to rest of document and I believe that I have utilized the correct syntax for then highlighters.
Update The-Basics.md

Added section for using brackets for both form and function. I would appreciate a second set of eyes over this to clarify its easy to understand.
Update The-Basics.md

Tidying up the wordyness, removing overused and thus redundant variable assignments and improving explanations in replacement for quick & short comments.
Merge branch 'patch-1' of github.com:NeilMasters/php-the-right-way into NeilMasters-patch-1
Fixed up a few bits and bobs including syntax error.
Merge branch 'gh-pages' of github.com:codeguy/php-the-right-way into gh-pages