BUG/ENH: correct ewmvar/cov debiasing factors; add 'adjust' to ewmvar/std/vol/cov/corr

Closes https://github.com/pydata/pandas/issues/7911
Closes https://github.com/pydata/pandas/issues/7912.

Still in progress. Need to test correctness and performance.

This code also adds ``adjust`` arguments to ``ewmvar``, ``ewmstd``, ``ewmvol``, ``ewmcov``, and ``ewmcorr``. If ok, I'd like to reorder the parameters to be more logical and consistent, but for now I just added ``adjust=True`` to the end of the arguments list.

This code corrects the bias correction factor for exponentially weighted (co)variance calculations. The prior factor was the asymptotic value for an infinite number of observations.

As a result of this change, ``ewmvar/cov`` will now return ``NaN`` for the (co)variance of a single value when ``bias=False``, and ``0`` when ``bias=True``. Previously they always returned ``0`` for a single value. See also https://github.com/pydata/pandas/issues/7900.
If you want to have two equations, there should be a blank line between them (+ they should be aligned). Now they will be put on one line. See http://sphinx-doc.org/latest/ext/math.html