Preliminary support for supplying additional arguments to algorithms

Allow users to supply additional arguments to abbreviations or pre-trained
algorithms (e.g. FaceRecogntion(a=b) is now possible).
Arguments supplied must be key/value pairs, not positional. Any listed
additional properties will be assigned to the first matching transform
using a pre-order traversal of the algorithm tree.
Refactor conditionals in AlgorithmCore::init

This saves upwards of 3 lines of code!
Remove a space.
Remove another space.
Merge pull request #215 from biometrics/additional_arguments

Preliminary support for supplying additional arguments to algorithms