Performance/Style Optimizations

- all fields are now final (and thus JIT-compiler can inline them)
- untouched fields are now also static
- unnecessary "throws Exception" removed (no need to catch it either!)
- methods only accessing static fields/no fields are static
- switched to org.junit.Assert with assertArrayEquals
- corrected expected/actual order in tests
- added brief messages what was tested to asserts
- a lot local variables declared final
Merge pull request #1 from TheConstructor/performance

Performance/Style Optimizations