Added basic c&p version for Ubuntu 14.04

Uses MD5 checksum for now, as this is what was available from Ubuntu metadata.
Add .gitignore
Update to have secure SHA1 checksum
Vagrant needs passwordless sudo access
Use UK APT repos
UTC everywhere!
Add big packages, so we have them available all the time
Add salt-masterless provisioner

... so that we do not have to pull it from Git every time we
vagrant up (as it takes ages over slow connections)