Change method lookup to require invariance for mutable references

Fixes #17033.
Fixes #15965.
Disable ASLR on Windows, for now.
Escape backslashes in debugger scripts.
Use DWARF4 on Windows.
Fix #17156
Make debug message about resolving `extern crate` statements more helpful
Fix check for existing crate when using --extern

When checking for an existing crate, compare against the
`crate_metadata::name` field, which is the crate name which
was requested during resolution, rather than the result of the
`crate_metadata::name()` method, which is the crate name within
the crate metadata, as these may not match when using the --extern
option to `rustc`.

This fixes spurious "multiple crate version" warnings under the
following scenario:

- The crate `foo`, is referenced multiple times
- `--extern foo=./path/to/libbar.rlib` is specified to rustc
- The internal crate name of `libbar.rlib` is not `foo`

The behavior surrounding `Context::should_match_name` and the
comments in `loader.rs` both lead me to believe that this scenario
is intended to work.

Fixes #17186
remove dead and broken tvec ~[T] code path

`Box<[T]>` is created by allocating `Box<[T, ..n]>` and coercing it so
this code path is never used. It's also broken because it clamps the
capacity of the memory allocations to 4 elements and that's incompatible
with sized deallocation. This dates back to when `~[T]` was a growable
vector type implemented as:

*{ { tydesc, ref_count, prev, next }, { length, capacity, data[] } }

Since even empty vectors had to allocate, it started off the capacity of
all vectors at 4 as a heuristic. It's not possible to grow `Box<[T]>`
and there is no need for a memory allocation when it's empty, so it
would be a terrible heuristic today even if it worked.
Document why `core::str::Searcher::new` doesn't overflow
Add regression test for #17186
librustc: Forbid inherent implementations that aren't adjacent to the
type they provide an implementation for.

This breaks code like:

    mod foo {
        struct Foo { ... }
    }

    impl foo::Foo {
        ...
    }

Change this code to:

    mod foo {
        struct Foo { ... }

        impl Foo {
            ...
        }
    }

Additionally, if you used the I/O path extension methods `stat`,
`lstat`, `exists`, `is_file`, or `is_dir`, note that these methods have
been moved to the the `std::io::fs::PathExtensions` trait. This breaks
code like:

    fn is_it_there() -> bool {
        Path::new("/foo/bar/baz").exists()
    }

Change this code to:

    use std::io::fs::PathExtensions;

    fn is_it_there() -> bool {
        Path::new("/foo/bar/baz").exists()
    }

Closes #17059.

RFC #155.

[breaking-change]
auto merge of #17161 : vadimcn/rust/fix-debuginfo, r=alexcrichton

This PR fixes debuginfo tests on Windows.
auto merge of #17188 : thestinger/rust/tvec, r=pcwalton

`Box<[T]>` is created by allocating `Box<[T, ..n]>` and coercing it so
this code path is never used. It's also broken because it clamps the
capacity of the memory allocations to 4 elements and that's incompatible
with sized deallocation. This dates back to when `~[T]` was a growable
vector type implemented as:

*{ { tydesc, ref_count, prev, next }, { length, capacity, data[] } }

Since even empty vectors had to allocate, it started off the capacity of
all vectors at 4 as a heuristic. It's not possible to grow `Box<[T]>`
and there is no need for a memory allocation when it's empty, so it
would be a terrible heuristic today even if it worked.
syntax: add a custom owned smart pointer in ptr::P.
syntax: ast: replace Gc<T> (previously @T) with P<T>.
syntax: fold: use move semantics for efficient folding.
syntax: ast_map: use borrowed references into the AST.
syntax: fix fallout from using ptr::P.
syntax: tests: fix fallout from using ptr::P.
auto merge of #17189 : bkoropoff/rust/extern-existing-crate, r=alexcrichton

When checking for an existing crate, compare against the `crate_metadata::name` field, which is the crate name which was requested during resolution, rather than the result of the `crate_metadata::name()` method, which is the crate name within the crate metadata, as these may not match when using the --extern option to `rustc`.

This fixes spurious "multiple crate version" warnings under the following scenario:

- The crate `foo`, is referenced multiple times
- `--extern foo=./path/to/libbar.rlib` is specified to rustc
- The internal crate name of `libbar.rlib` is not `foo`

The behavior surrounding `Context::should_match_name` and the comments in `loader.rs` both lead me to believe that this scenario is intended to work.

Fixes #17186