iosched: prevent aliased requests from starving other I/O

Hi, Jens,

If you recall, I posted an RFC patch for this back in July of last year:
http://lkml.org/lkml/2010/7/13/279

The basic problem is that a process can issue a never-ending stream of
async direct I/Os to the same sector on a device, thus starving out
other I/O in the system (due to the way the alias handling works in both
cfq and deadline).  The solution I proposed back then was to start
dispatching from the fifo after a certain number of aliases had been
dispatched.  Vivek asked why we had to treat aliases differently at all,
and I never had a good answer.  So, I put together a simple patch which
allows aliases to be added to the rb tree (it adds them to the right,
though that doesn't matter as the order isn't guaranteed anyway).  I
think this is the preferred solution, as it doesn't break up time slices
in CFQ or batches in deadline.  I've tested it, and it does solve the
starvation issue.  Let me know what you think.

Cheers,
Jeff

Signed-off-by: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
cfq-iosched: fix locking around ioc->ioc_data assignment

Since we are modifying this RCU pointer, we need to hold
the lock protecting it around it.

This fixes a potential reuse and double free of a cfq
io_context structure. The bug has been in CFQ for a long
time, it hit very few people but those it did hit seemed
to see it a lot.

Tracked in RH bugzilla here:

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=577968

Credit goes to Paul Bolle for figuring out that the issue
was around the one-hit ioc->ioc_data cache. Thanks to his
hard work the issue is now fixed.

Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
CFQ: make two functions static

Correctly suggested by sparse.

Signed-off-by: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
block: rename the return of two functions

If we rename the return of alloc_io_context() and get_io_context() from
"ret" to "ioc" the code get's (a bit) more readable and (a lot) more
grepable.

Signed-off-by: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
block:fix the comment error in blkdev.h

There is not a function rq_init but blk_rq_init in block/blk-core.c.

Signed-off-by: Wanlong Gao <wanlong.gao@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
block:remove some spare spaces in genhd.c

Remove the end-of-line spaces in genhd.c.

Signed-off-by: Wanlong Gao <wanlong.gao@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
fs/partitions/check.c: make local symbols static

The symbols part_ro_show, part_alignment_offset_show, and
part_discard_alignment_show are not used outside this file and
should be marked static.

Signed-off-by: H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@visionengravers.com>
Cc: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
block: Add __attribute__((format(printf...) and fix fallout

Use the compiler to verify format strings and arguments.

Fix fallout.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
blk-throttle: Make total_nr_queued unsigned

The total of two unsigned values should also be unsigned.

Update throtl_log output to unsigned.
Update total_nr_queued test to non-zero to be the
same as the other total_nr_queued tests.

Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Acked-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
bsg: fix bsg_poll() to return POLLOUT properly

POLLOUT should be returned only if bd->queued_cmds < bd->max_queue
so that bsg_alloc_command() can proceed.

Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Acked-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
bsg: remove unnecessary conditional expressions

Second condition in OR always implies first condition is false
thus bytes_read in the second is not needed. The same goes to
bytes_written.

Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Acked-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
bsg: fix address space warning from sparse

copy_from/to_user() and blk_rq_map_user() want __user pointer.
This patch fixes following warnings from sparse:

   CHECK   block/bsg.c
 block/bsg.c:185:38: warning: incorrect type in argument 2 (different address spaces)
 block/bsg.c:185:38:    expected void const [noderef] <asn:1>*from
 block/bsg.c:185:38:    got void *<noident>
 block/bsg.c:295:58: warning: incorrect type in argument 4 (different address spaces)
 block/bsg.c:295:58:    expected void [noderef] <asn:1>*<noident>
 block/bsg.c:295:58:    got void *[assigned] dxferp
 block/bsg.c:311:52: warning: incorrect type in argument 4 (different address spaces)
 block/bsg.c:311:52:    expected void [noderef] <asn:1>*<noident>
 block/bsg.c:311:52:    got void *[assigned] dxferp
 block/bsg.c:448:37: warning: incorrect type in argument 1 (different address spaces)
 block/bsg.c:448:37:    expected void [noderef] <asn:1>*dst
 block/bsg.c:448:37:    got void *<noident>

Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@gmail.com>
Acked-by: FUJITA Tomonori <fujita.tomonori@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
xen/blkback: Don't let in-flight requests defer pending ones.

Running RING_FINAL_CHECK_FOR_REQUESTS from make_response is a bad
idea. It means that in-flight I/O is essentially blocking continued
batches. This essentially kills throughput on frontends which unplug
(or even just notify) early and rightfully assume addtional requests
will be picked up on time, not synchronously.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Stodden <daniel.stodden@citrix.com>
[v1: Rebased and fixed compile problems]
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
xen/blkback: Add module alias for autoloading

Add xen-backend:vbd module alias to the xen-blkback module. This allows
automatic loading of the module.

Signed-off-by: Bastian Blank <waldi@debian.org>
Acked-by: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@citrix.com>
Signed-off-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Merge branch 'for-linus' into for-3.1/core

Conflicts:
	block/blk-throttle.c
	block/cfq-iosched.c

Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
block: flush MEDIA_CHANGE from drivers on close(2)

Currently, only open(2) is defined as the 'clearing' point.  It has
two roles - first, it's an acknowledgement from userland indicating
that the event has been received and kernel can clear pending states
and proceed to generate more events.  Secondly, it's passed on to
device drivers as a hint indicating that a synchronization point has
been reached and it might want to take a deeper look at the device.

The latter currently is only used by sr which uses two different
mechanisms - GET_EVENT_MEDIA_STATUS_NOTIFICATION and TEST_UNIT_READY
to discover events, where the former is lighter weight and safe to be
used repeatedly but may not provide full coverage.  Among other
things, GET_EVENT can't detect media removal while TUR can.

This patch makes close(2) - blkdev_put() - indicate clearing hint for
MEDIA_CHANGE to drivers.  disk_check_events() is renamed to
disk_flush_events() and updated to take @mask for events to flush
which is or'd to ev->clearing and will be passed to the driver on the
next ->check_events() invocation.

This change makes sr generate MEDIA_CHANGE when media is ejected from
userland - e.g. with eject(1).

Note: Given the current usage, it seems @clearing hint is needlessly
complex.  disk_clear_events() can simply clear all events and the hint
can be boolean @flush.

Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
compat_ioctl: fix warning caused by qemu

On Linux x86_64 host with 32bit userspace, running
qemu or even just "qemu-img create -f qcow2 some.img 1G"
causes a kernel warning:

ioctl32(qemu-img:5296): Unknown cmd fd(3) cmd(00005326){t:'S';sz:0} arg(7fffffff) on some.img
ioctl32(qemu-img:5296): Unknown cmd fd(3) cmd(801c0204){t:02;sz:28} arg(fff77350) on some.img

ioctl 00005326 is CDROM_DRIVE_STATUS,
ioctl 801c0204 is FDGETPRM.

The warning appears because the Linux compat-ioctl handler for these
ioctls only applies to block devices, while qemu also uses the ioctls on
plain files.

Signed-off-by: Johannes Stezenbach <js@sig21.net>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
block: eliminate potential for infinite loop in blkdev_issue_discard

Due to the recently identified overflow in read_capacity_16() it was
possible for max_discard_sectors to be zero but still have discards
enabled on the associated device's queue.

Eliminate the possibility for blkdev_issue_discard to infinitely loop.

Interestingly this issue wasn't identified until a device, whose
discard_granularity was 0 due to read_capacity_16 overflow, was consumed
by blk_stack_limits() to construct limits for a higher-level DM
multipath device.  The multipath device's resulting limits never had the
discard limits stacked because blk_stack_limits() will only do so if
the bottom device's discard_granularity != 0.  This resulted in the
multipath device's limits.max_discard_sectors being 0.

Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
compat_ioctl: fix make headers_check regression

Fix headers_check error introduced by 390192b30057:

include/linux/fd.h:6: included file 'linux/compat.h' is not exported

Signed-off-by: Johannes Stezenbach <js@sig21.net>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
block: avoid building too big plug list

When I test fio script with big I/O depth, I found the total throughput drops
compared to some relative small I/O depth. The reason is the thread accumulates
big requests in its plug list and causes some delays (surely this depends
on CPU speed).
I thought we'd better have a threshold for requests. When a threshold reaches,
this means there is no request merge and queue lock contention isn't severe
when pushing per-task requests to queue, so the main advantages of blk plug
don't exist. We can force a plug list flush in this case.
With this, my test throughput actually increases and almost equals to small
I/O depth. Another side effect is irq off time decreases in blk_flush_plug_list()
for big I/O depth.
The BLK_MAX_REQUEST_COUNT is choosen arbitarily, but 16 is efficiently to
reduce lock contention to me. But I'm open here, 32 is ok in my test too.

Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>