Define a mapping between REST resource name and kind/apiVersion

Allows clients to abstractly map user input to generic resource
paths as per docs/api-conventions.md

Extracted from #2000 and supports #1958
I think it makes sense for both this function and latest.InterfacesFor to start returning an object (interface) instead of multiple return parameters. It's much easier on the rest of the codebase to add fields to objects than to add out params to common functions.